Текст книги "Становление Европы. Экспансия, колонизация, изменения в сфере культуры (950—1350 гг.)"

Автор книги: Роберт Бартлетт

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Текущая страница: 31 (всего у книги 37 страниц)

39 Bruno, De bello Saxonico liber 16, 27, ed. H.E. Lohmann (MGH, Deutsches Mittelalter 2, Leipzig, 1937), pp. 22, 31.

40 См.: Maurice Beresford, New Towns of the Middle Ages (London, 1967), pp. 172 (fig. 40), 425.

41 Cronica Reinhardsbrunnensis, ed. Oswald Holder-Egger, MGH, SS 30/1 (Hanover, 1896), pp. 490—656, at pp. 518—21; Hans Patze and Walter

Schlesinger, Geschichte Thuringens 2/1 (MF 48, Cologne and Vienna, 1974), pp. 10—13.

42 R.A Brown, H.M. Colvin and AJ. Taylor, The History of the King’s Works: The Middle Ages (2 vols., London, 1963) 1, pp. 64—5, ИЗ; 2, pp. 630, 1023, 1029.

43 Michael Prestwich, War, Politics and Finance under Edward I (London, 1972), p. 160.

44 T.F. Tout, ‘The Fair of Lincoln and the “Histoire de Guillaume le Marechal’”, Collected Papers (3 vols., Manchester, 1932—4) 2, pp. 191—220, at pp. 218—20; Lynn White, Medieval Technology and Social Change (Oxford, 1962), p. 102; J.F. Fino, ‘Machines de jet medievales’, Gladius 10 (1972), pp. 25—3; D.R. Hill, ‘Trebuchets’, Viator 4 (1973), pp. 99—114.

45 См.: Hans R. Hahnloser, VUlard de Honnecourt: Kritische Gesamtausgabe des Bauhuttenbuches ms. fr. 19093 der Pariser Nationalbibliothek (2nd ed., Graz, 1972), pp. 159—62; The Sketchbook of VUlard de Honnecourt, ed. Theodore Bowie (Bloomington, 1959), plate 61.

46 Annales Pegavienses, ed. George Heinrich Pertz, MGH, SS 16 (Hanover, 1859), pp. 232—70, at p. 264.

47 Littere Wallie, ed. John Goronwy Edwards (Cardiff, 1940), no. 3, pp. 7—8 (Treaty of Woodstock).

48 Katharine Simms, ‘Warfare in the Medieval Gaelic Lordships’, The Irish Sword 12 (1975—6), pp. 98—108; Peter Harbison, ‘Native Irish Arms and Armour m Medieval Gaelic Literature, 1170—1600’, ibid., pp. 173—99, 270—84. Геральд Валлийский в 1188 году так характеризовал ирландских всадников: Они не используют ни седла ни стремян – см.: Gerald of Wales (Giraldus Cambrensis), Topographic Hibemica 3.10, in J.S. Brewer, J.F. Dimock and G.F. Warner (eds.). Opera (8 vols., RS, 1861—91) 5, pp. 1—204, at p. 150.

49 Herbord, Dialogus de vita sancti Ottonis episcopi Babenbergensis 2.23, ed. Jan Wikarjak and Kazimierz Liman, MPH, n.s., 7/3 (Warsaw, 1974), pp. 101—2.

50 Randall Rogers, Latin Siege Warfare in the Twelfth Century (Oxford, 1992).

51 Francesco Gabrieli (ed.), Arab Historians of the Crusades (Eng. tr., Berkeley and London, 1969), p. 58 (Ibn al-Qalanisi).

52 Elena Lourie, ‘A Society Organized for War: Medieval Spain’, Past and Present 35 (1966), pp. 54—76, at p. 69.

53 Ambroise, L’estone de la guerre sainte, lines 6816—18, ed. Gaston Paris (Paris, 1897), col. 182.

54 Julio Gonzalez, El reino de Castillo en la epoca de Alfonso VIII (3 vols., Madrid, 1960) 3, no. 705, pp. 247—9 (1201); Emilio Saez (ed.), ‘Fueros de Puebla de Alcocer у Yebenes’, Anuario de bistorta del derecho espanol 18 (1947), pp. 432—41, at p. 435; Julio Gonzalez, Repoblacion de Castillo la Nueva (2 vols., Madrid, 1975—6) 2, p. 350, n. 169.

55 Fulcher of Chartres, Historic Hierosolymitana 1.34, ed. Heinrich Hagenmeyer (Heidelberg, 1913), p. 342.

56 Chronicon Livoniae 1.5-9, 9.3, 15.3 , 10.8 , 15.3 , 10.12, 23.8, 14.11, 10.12, 26.3, 27.3, 28.3;, 11.8, 12.1, 27.3, 28.3, ed. Leonid Arbusow and Albert

356

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357

Bauer (АО 24, Darmstadt, 1959), pp. 4—6, 38, 134, 54, 132, 58, 242, 126, 60, 282, 298, 304, 80, 84, 296, 304. Приведенные географические названия – Uxkiill, Mesoten, Fellin, Oesel и Warbole – это современные латвийские и эстонские города IkSkile, Meiotne, VHjandi, Saaremaa и Varbola.

57 Gesta Stephani, ed. K.R. Potter and R.H.C. Davis (Oxford, 1976), p. 14.

58 Brut у Tywysogyon, или The Chronicle of the Princes: Red Book of Hergest Version, ed. and tr. Thomas Jones (Cardiff, 1955), pp. 71—3.

59 Giolla Brighde Mac Con Midhe, Poems, ed. and tr. N.JA Williams (Irish Texts Society 51, Dublin, 1980) XIII, 20, p. 141.

60 Annals of Loch Сё, ed. and tr. William M. Hennessy (2 vols., RS, 1871), 1, p. 389.

61 History of Gruffydd ap Cynan, ed. and tr. Arthur Jones (Manchester, 1910), p. 133.

62 Brut у Tywysogyon, ed. Jones, pp. 175, 177; Gerald of Wales, Itinerarium Kambriae, 2.6, ed. Brewer et al., p. 123; Richard A vent, Cestyll Tywysogion Gwynedd / Castles of the Princes of Gwynedd (Cardiff, 1983), p. 7.

63 Song of Dermot and the Earl, 666—70, ed. and tr. Goddard H. Orpen (Oxford, 1892), p. 50.

64 Gerald of Wales (Giraldus Cambrensis), Descriptio Kambriae 2.8, in J.S. Brewer, J.F, Dimock and G.F. Warner (eds.). Opera (8 vols., RS, 1861– 91) 6, pp. 153—227, at pp. 220—21; idem, Expugnatio Hibemica 2.38, ed. AB. Scott and F.X. Martin (Dublin, 1978), pp. 246—8; John of Salisbury, Policmticus 6.6, 16, ed. C.C.J. Webb (2 vols., Oxford, 1909), 2, pp. 18, 42– 4; Callus Anonymus, Chronicon 1.25; 3.23, ed. K. Maleczynski, MPH, n.s., 2 (Cracow, 1952), pp. 50, 152.

65 Matthew Paris, Chronica majora, ed. Luard, 5, p. 550.

66 Symeon of Durham, Historia regum, in Symeonis monachi opera omnia, ed. Thomas Arnold (2 vols., RS, 1882-5), 2, pp. 3—283, at pp. 191—2.

67 Turgot, Vita sancti Margaretae reginae, ed. James Raine in Symeonis Dunelmensis opera et collectanea 1, ed. J. Hodgson Hinde (Surtees Society 51, 1868), pp. 234—54, at p. 247.

68 Symeon of Durham (attrib.). De miraculis et translationibus sancti Cuthberti 10, in Symeonis monachi opera omnia, ed. Thomas Arnold (2 vols., RS, 1882-5), 1, pp. 229—61; 2, pp. 333—62, at 2, p. 339.

69 Symeon of Durham, Historia regum, ed. Arnold, 2, p. 190.

70 Aelred of Rievaulx, De sanctis ecclestae Haugustaldensis, ed. James Raine in The Priory of Hexham (2 vols., Surtees Society 44, 46, 1864—5) 1, pp. 172—203, at p. 178; cf. Symeon of Durham, Historia regum, ed. Arnold, 2, pp. 36—7.

71 Symeon of Durham, De miraculis … sancti Cuthberti 10, ed. Arnold, 2, p. 339.

72 Gerald of Wales, Topographic Hibemica 2.54, ed. Brewer et al,, p. 137; C.L. Salch, ‘La protection symbolique de la porte au Moyen Age dans les chateaux-forts alsaciens’, in Hommage d Genevieve Chewier et Alain Ceslan: Etudes medievales (Strasbourg, 1975), pp. 39—44.

73 Symeon of Durham, Historia regum, ed. Arnold, 2, pp. 199—200; ibid., p. 211; Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, s.a, 1092, ed. C. Plummer and J. Earle, Two of the Saxon Chronicles Parallel (2 vols., Oxford, 1892—9) 1, p. 227; Symeon of Durham’s continuator, Historia Dunelmensis ecclesiae, in Symeonis monachi opera omnia, ed. Thomas Arnold (2 vols., RS, 1882—5), 1, pp. 135—60, at 1, p. 140.

74 Geoffrey Barrow, The Anglo-Norman Era in Scottish History (Oxford, 1980); idem. Kingship and Unity: Scotland 1000—1306 (London, 1981), chapter 3; AAM. Duncan, Scotland: The Making of the Kingdom (Edinburgh, 1975), chapters 6—8; RL.G. Ritchie, TTie Normans m Scotland (Edinburgh,

1954).

75 Early Scottish Charters prior to П53, ed. Archibald C. Lawrie (Glasgow, 1905), no. 54, pp. 48—9.

76 ]ohn of Hexham, Historia, in Symeonis monachi opera omnia, ed. Thomas Arnold (2 vols., RS, 1882—5), 2, pp. 284—332, at p. 290.

77 Richard of Hexham, Historia, ed. Richard Hewlett in Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II and Richard 1 (4 vols., RS, 1884—9) 3, pp, 137—78,at pp. 156—7.

78 Aelred of Rievaulx, Relatio de Standardo, ed, Hewlett, ibid., pp. 179—99, at pp. 187—8.

79 О вылазках из замков см,: Richard of Hexham, Historia, ed. Hewlett, p. 157; John of Hexham, Historia, ed. Arnold, p. 291.

80 John of Hexham, Historia, ed. Arnold, p. 289,

81 Richard of Hexham, Historia, ed. Arnold, p. 145.

82 Aelred of Rievaulx, Relatio, ed. Hewlett, pp. 189—98. Выражение незащищенные и голые взято из: Henry of Huntingdon, Historia Anglorum, ed. Thomas Arnold (RS, 1879), p. 263.

83 Jordan Fantosme, Chronicle, 640-41, 266, 1242-9, 1766, 1828, 1858-67, ed, and tr. R.C. Johnston (Oxford, 1981), pp. 48, 20, 92—4, 132, 136,

138.

84 William of Newburgh, Historia rerum Anglicanim 2.33, ed. Richard Hewlett in Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II and Richard 1 (4 vols., RS, 1884—9) 1—2, at 1, p. 184.

85 См.: Gesfa regis Heruici secundi Benedicii abbatis, ed. William Stubbs (2 vols., RS, 1867), 1, pp. 67—8.

86 См.: Annals of Furess, ed. Richard Howlett in Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II and Richard I (4 vols., RS, 1884—9) 2, pp. 503– 83,‘at pp. 570—71.

87 Saxo Grammaticus, Gesta Danorum 13.9.6, ed. J, Olrik and H. Raeder (2 vols., Copenhagen, 1931-57), 1, pp. 361—2; см. также примечания Э. Кристиансена: Saxo, Danorum regum heroumaue historia, Books X—XVI (3 vols., British Archaeological Reports, International Series 84, 118/1—2, Oxford, 1980—81) 1, pp. 322—3, n. 84; Annales Erphesfurdenses Lothariani, ed. Oswald Holder-Egger, Monumenta Erphesfurtensia (SRC, Hanover and Leipzig, 1899), pp. 34—44, at p. 40. См. также: Lucien Musset, ‘Problemes militaires du monde scandinave (Vile—Xlle s.)’, in Ordinamenti militari in Occidente nell’alto medioevo (Settimane di studio del Centra italiano di

358

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studi sull’alto medioevo 15, 2 vols., Spoleto, 1968) 1, pp. 229—91, at pp. 288—90.

88 См.: S.U. Palme, ‘Les impots, le Statut d’Alsno et la formation des or-dres en Suede (1250—1350)’, in R Mousnier (ed.), Problemes de stratification sociale (Paris, 1968), pp. 55—66.

89 Karl Barteis, Deutsche Krieger in polnischen Diensten von Misika I. bis Kasimir dem Grossen, c. 963—1370 (Berlin, 1922); K. Schunemann, Die Deutsche in Ungam bis zum 12. Jahrhundert (Berlin, 1923); Benedykt Zientara, ‘Die deutschen Einwanderer in Polen vom 12. bis zum 14. Jahrhundert’, in Walter Schlesinger (ed.), Die deutsche Ostsiedlung des Mittelalters als Problem der europaischen Geschichte (Vortrage und Forschungen 18, Sigmaringen, 1975), pp. 333—48. He все такие гости были немцами; см.: Н. Gockenjan, Hilfsvolker und Grenzwachter in mittelalterlichen Ungam (Wiesbaden, 1972).

90 Libellus de institutione morum, ed. J. Balogh, Scriptores rerum Hungaricarum 2 (Budapest, 1938), pp. 611—27, at p. 625.

Глава 4

1 Eleanor Knott, Irish Classical Poetry (Irish Life and Culture 6, Dublin, 1957), p. 59, цит. из Maol Seachluinn О Huiginn.

2 Geoffrey Malaterra, De rebus gestis Rogerii Calabriae et Siciliae comitis et Roberti Guiscardi ducis fratris eius, ed. Ernesto Pontieri (Rerum italicarum scriptores, n.s., 5/1, Bologna, 1928); William of Apulia, La geste de Robert Cuiscard, ed. Marguerite Mathieu (Palermo, 1961); Amatus of Montecassino, Storia de’ Normanni, ed. Vincenzo de Bartholomaeis (Fonti per la storia d’Ralia 76, Rome, 1935).

3 De rebus gestis Rogerii 1.3, 7, 12, 38; 2.35; 3.13, 24, ed. Pontieri, pp. 9, 11, 14, 24, 46, 64, 71; see Ovidio Capitani, ‘Specific Motivations and Continuing Themes in the Norman Chronicles of Southern Italy in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries’, in The Normans in Sicily and Southern Italy (Lincei Lectures 1974) (Oxford, 1977), pp. 1—46, at pp. 7, 30—33, n. 15.

4 De rebus gestis Rogerii 1.9, ed. Pontieri, p. 13. Amatus, Storia de’ Normanni 1.23; 2.17; 1.43; 2.8; 2.21; 2.22, ed. de Bartholomaeis, pp. 30, 75, 54– 5, 67, 80, 83.

5 William of Apulia, La geste 3, lines 101—2, ed. Mathieu, p. 168.

6 Malaterra, De rebus gestis Rogerii 1.7, ed. Pontieri, p. 11.

7 William of Apulia, La geste 3, line 217, ed. Mathieu, p. 176; cf. 1, line 320, p. 116.

8 ibid. 2, lines 427—8, ed. Mathieu, p. 154.

9 Malaterra, De rebus gresfis Rogerii 1.9, ed. Pontieri, p. 12.

10 ibid. 2.42, ed. Pontieri, p. 50.

11 William of Apulia, La geste 2, lines 323—9, ed. Mathieu, p. 150.

12 ibid. 2, line 383, ed. Mathieu, p. 152.

13 Malaterra, De rebus gestis Rogerii 3.24, ed. Pontieri, p. 71.

14 Amatus, Storia de’ Normanni 1.2, ed. de Bartholomaeis, pp. 10—11.

15 Malaterra, De rebus gestis Rogerii 1.3, ed. Pontieri, p. 8.

16 ibid. 2.38; 3.7, ed. Pontieri, pp. 48, 60.

17 De expugnafione Lyxbonensi; The Conquest of Lisbon, ed. and tr. Charles W. David (New York, 1936), p. 98; Hervey de Glanville’s speech: ibid., pp. 106—7.

18 ibid., p. 120.

19 Orderic Vitalis, Historia ecclesiastica 11.24, ed. Chibnall 6, p. 102.

20 Amatus, Storia de’ Normanni 1.21; 2.17, ed, de Bartholomaeis, pp. 27, 75.

21 Anna Comnena, Alexiad 10.5.4; 10.5.10; 10.6.4; 11.6.3 ed. B. Leib (3vols., Paris, 1937—45), 2, pp. 206—7, 210, 211; 3, p. 28.

22 Francesco Gabrieli {ed.), Arab Historians of the Crusades (Eng. tr., Berkeley and London, 1969), p. 73.

23 Anna Comnena, Alexiad 10.5.10; 4.8.2; 13.10.5; 14.2.4, ed. Leib, 2, p. 209; 1, p. 167; 3, pp. 123, 147.

24 Malaterra, De rebus gestis Rogerii 1.17, ed. Pontieri, p. 17.

25 Michael Attaleiates, Historic, ed. Immanuel Bekker (Corpus scriptorum historiae Byzantinae 50, Bonn, 1853), p. 107.

26 Memoirs of Usamah Ibn-Munqidh, tr. Philip K. Hitti (New York, 1929), p. 161.

27 Aelred of Rievaulx, Relatio de Standardo, ed. Richard Hewlett in Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry П and Richard I (4 vols., RS, 1884—9) 3, pp. 179—99, at p, 185.

28 Deusdedit, Collectio canonum 3.284-5 (156-7), ed. Victor Wolf von Glanvell, Die Kanonessammlwig des Kardinals Deusdedit (Paderbom, 1905), p. 393; Le liber censuum de 1’eglise romaine, ed. Paul Fabre et al. (3 vols., Paris, 1889—1910), 1, pp. 421—2, nos. 162—3.

29 Coleccion de documentes inedites del archiva general de la Corona de Агадбп 4, ed. Prospero de Bofarull у Mascar6 (Barcelona, 1849), no. 62, pp. 168—74.

30 Jonathan Riley-Smith, The Knights of St. John in Jerusalem and Cyprus c. 1050—1310 (London, 1967), pp. 66—7.

31 Coleccion de documentos … de la Corona de Aragon 4, ed. de Bofarull у Mascaro, no. 43, pp. 93—9; Cartulaire general de 1’ordre du Temple, ed. Marguis d’Albon (Paris, 1913), no. 314, pp. 204—5.

32 Lacarra, no. 94 (1086—94).

33 Цит. по кн.: Henry of Livonia, Chronicon Ii’voniae 11,3, ed. Leonid Arbusow and Albert Bauer (AQ 24, Darmstadt, 1959), pp. 68—70. (Имеется рус. издание: Генрих Латвийский. Хроника Ливонии. М.—А, 1938, 608с.)

34 William of Poitiers, Ges(a Guillelmi ducis Normannonun 2.5, ed. Raymonde Foreville (Paris, 1952), p. 158.

35 Rotuli chartarum in turri Londinensi asservati (1199—1216), ed, T.D. Hardy (London, 1837), p. 66 (1200); Calendar of the Patent Rolls (1258-66) (London, 1910), p. 674 (1266); Rees Davies, Domination and Conquest: The Experience of Ireland, Scotland and Wales 1100—1300 (Cambridge, 1990), p. 36.

36 Rotuli chartarum … (1199—1216), pp. 218—19 (1215).

360

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37 Register of the Abbey of St Thomas Dublin, ed. John T. Gilbert (RS, 1889), no. 44, pp. 42—3 (1203—17).

38 Irish Cartularies of Llanthony Prima and Secunda, ed. Eric StJohn Brooks (Irish Manuscripts Commission, Dublin, 1953), no. 75, pp. 87—8 (c. 1181—91).

39 Amatus, Staria de’ Normanni 2.29, ed. de Bartholomaeis, p. 94.

40 Malaterra, De rebus gestii Rogerii 1.29, ed. Pontieri, p. 22.

41 Amatus, Storia de’ Normanni 5.1-2, ed. de Bartholomaeis p. 223.

42 William of Apulia, La geste, prologue, lines 2—5, ed. Mathieu, p. 98.

43 Fulcher of Chartres, Historia Hierosolymitana 1.29, ed. Heinrich Hagenmeyer (Heidelberg, 1913), p. 305.

44 William of Tyre, Chronicle 20.14, ed. RB.C. Huygens (2 vols., Co/pus Christianorum, Continuatio mediaevalis 63—63Д Turnhout, 1986), 2, p. 927.

45 Henry of Antwerp, Tractatus de captione urbis Brandenburg, ed. Oswald Holder-Egger, MCH, SS 25 (Hanover, 1880), pp. 482—4, at p. 484.

46 Primera cronica general de Espana 1125, ed. Ramon Menendez Pidal (2 vols., Madrid, 1955),“2, p. 767.

47 Calendar of the Justiciary Rolls … of Ireland (1295—1303), ed. James Mills (Dublin, 1905), pp. 281—2.

48 Chartularies of St Mary’s Abbey Dublin, ed. John T. Gilbert (2 vols., RS, 1884), 1, no. 254, pp. 275—7.

49 Chronicle of Morea, tr. Harold E, Lurier, Crusaders as Conquerors (New York, 1964), p. 171 and n. 40; Chronique de Moree 241, ed. Jean Longnon (Paris, 1911), p. 87; les assises de Romanie 71, 90, 95, 98, ed. Georges Recoura (Paris, 1930), pp. 210, 220, 222—3, 224.

50 Les assises, ed. Recoura, editorial comment at p. 40.

51 Chronicle of Morea, tr. Lurier, p. 196.

52 Walter of Guisborough, Chronicle, ed. Harry Rothwell (Camden 3rd sen, 89, 1957), p. 216.

53 Placitorum abbreviatio (Record Commission, London, 1811), p. 201.

^ Fulcher of Chartres, Historia Hierosolymitana, 1.29, ed. Hagenmeyer, p. 304.

55 Usamah, tr. Hitti, An Arab-Syrian Gentleman, p. 178; cf. Joshua Prawer, Crusader Institutions (Oxford, 1980), pp. 253—4, n. 11.

^ Richard Butler, Some Notices of the Castle and of the Ecclesiastical Buildings of Trim (Trim, 1835), pp. 252—3; Lacarra, nos. 5, 123, 134; Giorgio Fedalto, La Chiesa Latina in Oriente (2nd ed., 3 vols., Verona, 1981) 1, pp. 388—9.

57 Coleccidn de documentes … de la Corona de Aragon 4, ed. de Bofarull у Мазсагб, по. 62, p. 169.

58 Eric St J. Brooks, ‘A Charter of John de Courcy to the Abbey of Navan’, Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland 63 (1933), pp. 38—45, at p. 39.

59 Dignitas decani, ed. Newport B. White (Dublin, 1957), no. Ill, pp. 112—13 (= Crede mihi, ed. John T. Gilbert (Dublin, 1897), no. 74, p. 67).

60 Calendar of the Charter Rolls, 1226—1516 (6 vols., London, 1903—27} 1, pp. 230—31.

61 Reports of the Deputy Keeper of the Public Records of Ireland 1—55 (Dublin, 1869—1923), 20, no. 130, pp. 57—8.

62 William Dugdale, Monasticon Anglicanwn, ed. John Caley et al. (6 vols. in 8, London, 1846), 6/2, p. 1131, calendared in Calendar of the Patent Rolls (1358—61) (London, 1911), p. 488.

63 Close Rolls of the Reign of Henry III (1254—56) (London, 1931), p. 413.

64 Geoffrey Hand, ‘English Law in Ireland, 1172—1351’, Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly 23 (1972), pp. 393—422, p. 401, PRO S.C. 1/23, no. 85; Calendar of Documents relating to Ireland (1171—1307), ed. H.S. Sweetman (5 vols., London, 1875—86), 2, pp. 281—2, no. 1482 (1278).

65 Registrum vulgariter nuncupatum ‘The Record of Caernarvon’, ed. Henry Ellis (Record Commission, London. 1838), p. 149.

66 Mecklenburgisches UB (25 vols. in 26, Schwerin and Leipzig, 1863– 1977) 3, no. 1781, p. 164.

67 Robert of Clari, La conquete de Constantinople 1, ed. Philippe Lauer (Paris, 1924), p. 1.

68 Цит. по кн.: Villehardouin, Geoffrey de, La conquete de Constantinople, ed. Edmond Faral (2nd ed., 2 vols., Paris, 1961). (Имеется рус. издание: Виллардуэн Ж. де. Завоевание Константинополя. М., 1993, 290 с.)

69 Les gestes des Chiprois, ed. Gaston Raynaud (Publications de la Societe de 1’Orient latin. Serie historigue 5, Geneva, 1887), pp. 5, 9, 17, 52; RHC, Occ. 2, p. xiii; см. также: M.R. Morgan, The Chronicle of Emoul and the Continuations of William of Tyre (Oxford, 1973).

70 Gerald of Wales (Giraldus Cambrensis), Itinerarium Kombriae 1.12, in J.S. Brewer, J.F. Dimock and G.F. Warner (eds.). Opera (8 vols., RS, 1861– 91) 6, pp. 1—152, at p. 91.

71 Gerald of Wales, Expugnatio Hibemica 2.10, ed. A.B. Scott and F.X. Martin (Dublin, 1978), p. 156.

72 Song of Dermot and the Earl, lines 644—5, 485, 1763, 407, 456, 820– 23, ed. and tr. Goddard H. Orpen (Oxford, 1892), pp. 48, 36, 130, 32, 34, 62. См. также: J. Long, ‘Dermot and the Earl: Who Wrote the Song?’, Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 75C (1975), pp. 263—72.

73 Цит. по кн.: Henry of Livonia, Chronicon Livoniae 10.15, ed. Arbusow and Bauer, p. 66. (Имеется рус. издание: Генрих Латвийский. Хроника Ливонии. М.—Л, 1938.)

74 ibid.

75 Livlandische Reimchromk, ed. Leo Meyer (Paderborn, 1876); cm. также: Lutz Mackensen, ‘Zur livlandischen Rermchromk’ – Zur deutschen Literatur Altlivlands (Wurzburg, 1961), pp. 21—58; Eric Christiansen, The Northern Crusades (London, 1980), pp. 91-3.

76 Song of Dermot, lines 125, 136—41, 282—3, 201, 1409, 3086—99, ed. Orpen, pp. 10, 12, 22, 16 and 104, 224—5.

77 Ibid., p. 303 (editorial note).

78 Expugnatio Hibemica 2.10, ed. Scott and Martin, p. 156.

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79 См.: Bartlett, R. Gerald of Wales 1146—1223 (Oxford, 1982), pp. 214—16, 178, n. 3.

80 Livlandische Reimchronik, lines 103—4, 93, 120—22, 669—76 1466—8, 8397—402, ed. Meyer, pp. 3, 16, 34, 192.

81 De expugnatione Lyxbonensi, ed. David, pp. 54—6, 104, 134, 106, 128, 106.

82 Ibid, pp. 132, 56, 68, 110—112.

83 Peter Knoch, Studien zu Albert von Aachen (Stuttgart, 1966), chapter 4, pp. 91—107, ‘Die Franken des ersten Kreuzzugs in den Augenzeugen-berichten’; Bernd Schneidmuller, Nomen patriae: Die Entstehung Frankreichs in der politischgeographischen Terminologie (10.—13. Jahrhundert) (Sigmaringen, 1987), chapter 5(a), pp. 106—24, ‘Franci: Kreuzfahrer oder Nordfranzosen in der Kreuzzugshistoriographie?’

84 См. на эту тему: Reinhard Wenskus, Stammesbildung und Verfassung: Das Werden der fruhmittelalterlichen gentes (Cologne and Graz, 1961) pp. 512—41. ‘

85 Andre Miquel, La geographic humaine du monde musulman jusqu’au milieu du lie siecle 2: Geographic arabe et representation du monde: La terre et 1’etranger (Paris, 1975), chapter 7, pp. 343—80, ‘L’Europe de Г Quest1, esp. pp. 354—9 (Remie Constable kindly provided this reference); Bernard Lewis, The Muslim Discovery of Europe (New York and Londoa 1982), pp. 137—46.

86 Humbert of Silva Candida, Adversus Graecorum calumnias, PL 143, cols. 929—74, at cols. 929, 934; Anton Michel, Humbert und Kerullarios (2 vols., Paderbom, 1924—30).

87 Michael Attaleiates, Historia, ed. Bekker, index, s.v. ‘Franci’; George Cedrenus, Historiarum compendium, ed. Immanuel Bekker (2 vols.. Corpus scriptorum historiae Byzantinae 34—5, Bonn, 1838—9), 2, pp. 545, 617.

88 Gabrieli, Arab Historians, p. 27 (Ibn al-Qalanisi).

89 Ekkehard of Aura, Hierosolymita 16.2, RHC, Occ. 5, pp. 1—40, at p. 25; Raymond of Aguilers: Liber (Historia Francorum qui ceperunt Iherusalem) 6, ed. John H. Hill and Laurita L. HiU (Paris, 1969), p. 52.

90 Simon of Saint Quentin, Historia Tartarorum, ed. Jean Richard (Paris, 1965), p. 52.

91 Gesta Francorum 10.30, ed. and tr. Rosalind Hill (London, 1962), p. 73.

92 Raymond of Aguilers, liber 10, ed. Hill and Hill, pp. 79, 83.

93 William of Tyre, Chronicle 11.12, ed. Huygens, 1, p. 513.

94 Ambroise, L’estoire de la guerre sainte, lines 8494-505, 8509-10 ed Gaston Paris (Paris, 1897), cols. 227—8.

95 Walter Map, De nugis curialium 2.18, ed. and tr. M.R. James rev C.N.L Brooke and R.AB. Mynors (Oxford, 1983), p.178.

96 Albert of Aachen, Historia Hierosolymitana 1.8, RHC, Occ 4, pp. 265—713, at p. 277 (cf. 2.6, p. 303); Gyorgy Szekely, ‘Wallons et Italiens en Europe centrale aux Xle—XVIe siecles’. Annales Universitatis Scien-tiarwn Budapestinensis de Rotando Eotuds Nominatae, sectio historica 6 (1964), pp. 3—71, at pp. 16—17.

97 Brat у Tywysogyon or The Chronicle of the Princes: Red Book of Her-qest Version, ed. and tr. Thomas Jones (Cardiff, 1955), index, s.v. ‘French’.

98 Donncha О Coniin, ‘Nationality and Kingship in Pre-Norman Ireland’, in T.W. Moody (ed.). Nationality and the Pursuit of National Independence (Historical Studies 11, Belfast, 1978), pp. 1—35, at p. 35.

99 Walter of Coventry, Memoriale, ed. William Stubbs (2 vols., RS, 1872—3), 2, p. 206 (the ‘BarnweU Chronicle’).

100 Documentes de Don Sancho I (1174—1211) 1, ed. Rui de Azevado et al. (Coimbra, 1979), no. 86, pp. 138—9; Fuero de Logrono, ed. T. Moreno Garbaya, Apuntes histyricos de Logrono (Logrono, 1943), pp. 42—9.

1Q1 Honorius III, 20 May 1224, Novit regia celsitudo, Po. 7258; Opera omnia, ed. Cesar Auguste Horoy (5 vols., Paris, 1879—82), 4, no. 227, col. 653; Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France, ed. Martin Bouquet et al. (new ed., 24 vols., Paris, 1869—1904), 19, p. 754.

102 Chronicle of Morea, tr. Lurier, p. 157.

103 Helbig & Weinrich 2, nos. 29, 30, 36, 80, 81, 111, 114, pp. 162—3, 180, 306, 310, 418, 430.

104 Louis Dermigny, La Chine et f Occident: Le commerce a Canton аи XVllIe siecle 1719—1833 (Paris, 1964), p. 292.

Глава 5

1 Jose Maria Font Rius (ed.), Cortos de poblacion у franquicia de Cataluna (2 vols., Madrid and Barcelona, 1969) 1, no. 223, pp. 308—9 (Peter I of Aragon, 1207).

2 Maurice Beresford, New Towns of the Middle Ages (London, 1967), pp. 637—41.

3 Daniel Waley, The Italian City Republics (London, 1969), p. 35.

4 Peter Spufford, Money and its Use in Medieval Europe (Cambridge, 1988), p. 243.

5 Cambridge Economic History of Europe I: The Agrarian Life of the Middle Ages, ed. M.M. Postan (2nd ed., Cambridge, 1966), p. 561; Josiah Cox Russell, British Medieval Population (Albuguergue, 1948); cf. J.Z. Titow, English Rural Society 1200—1350 (London, 1969), pp. 66—73.

6 H.C. Darby, Domesday England (Cambridge, 1977), pp. 87—91, Total Population”.

7 Cambridge Economic History 1, ed. Postan, p. 562; M.M. Postan, The Medieval Economy and Society (London, 1972), p. 31.

8 E.A Wrigley and RS. Schofield, The Population History of England 1541—1871 (Cambridge, Mass, 1981).

9 J.Z. Titow, ‘Some Evidence of the Thirteenth-Century Population Increase’, Economic History Review, 2nd ser., 14 (1961), pp. 218—24.

10 Georges Duby, Rural Economy and Country Life in the Medieval West (Eng. tr., London, 1968), p. 119.

11 Francesco Gabrieli (ed.}, Arab Historians of the Crusades (Eng. tr., Berkeley and London, 1969), p. 3 (Ibn al-Athir).

12 Charles Higounet, ‘Mouvements de population dans le Midi de la France du Xle siecle d’apres les noms de personne et de lieu’, in his

364

Примечания

Paysages et villages neufs du Moyen Age (Bordeaux, 1975), pp. 417—37, at p. 421.

13 Helbig & Weinrich 2, no. 1, p. 70.

14 Orderic Vitalis, Historia ecclesiastica 7.5, ed. and tr. Marjorie Chibnall (6 vols., Oxford 1968—80), 4, p. 12.

15 Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum 1, ed. H.W.C. Davis (Oxford, 1913), appendix, 2 bis, p. 118 (= calendar no. 33).

16 Jordan Fantosme, Chronicle, lines 788-9, 417-18, 994-8, ed. RC. Johnston (Oxford, 1981), pp. 58—9, 30—31, 72—3.

17 Geoffrey Barrow, TTie Anglo-Norman Era in Scottish History (Oxford, 1980), pp. 44—6 and 57 (map 7); Acts of Malcolm IV, King of Scots, 1153– 65, ed. Geoffrey Barrow (Regesta Regum Scottorum 1, Edinburgh, 1960), no. 175, pp. 219—20; K.J. Stringer, Earl David of Huntingdon, 1152—1219: A Study in Anglo-Scottish History (Edinburgh, 1985), app. no. 55, pp. 254—5 (1172—99); AAM. Duncan, Scotland: The Making of the Kingdom (Edinburgh, 1975), pp. 137, 138, 189.

18 Duncan, Scotland, p. 476; Walter of Guisborough, Chronicle, ed. Harry Rothwell (Camden 3rd ser., 89, 1957), p. 275.

19 Helbig & Weinrich 2, no. 125, p. 474.

20 Liselotte Feyerabend, Die Rigauer und Revaler Familiennamen im 14. und 15. Jahrhundert (Cologne and Vienna, 1985), p. 74.

21 Gervase of Rheims, Epistola de vita sancti Donatiani, ed. Oswald Holder-Egger, MCH, SS 15/2 (Hanover, 1888), pp. 854—6, p. 855.

22 Helbig & Weinrich 1, no. 6, p. 58; см. также: Schlesinger, ‘Flemmingen und Kuhren: Zur Siedlungsform niederlandischer Siedlungen des 12. Jahrhunderts im mitteldeutschen Osten’, in idem (ed.). Die deutsche Ostsiedlung als Problem der europaischen Geschichte (Vortrage und Forschungen 18, Sigmaringen, 1975), pp. 263—309.

23 Helbig & Weinrich 1, no. 8, pp. 62—4.

24 Walter Kiihn, ‘Flamische und frankische Hufe als Leitformen der mit-tefalterlichen Ostsiedlung’, in his Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur mittelalterlichen Ostsiedlung (Cologne and Vienna, 1973), pp. 1—51.

25 Hermann Teuchert, Die Sprachreste der niederlandischen Siedlungen des 12. Jahrhunderts (2nd ed., MF 70, Cologne and Vienna, 1972); Karl Bischoff, Sprache und Geschichte an der mittleren Elbe und der unteren Saale (MF52, Cologne and Graz, 1967), chapter 4.

26 UB zur Geschichte der Deutschen in Siebenburgen 1, ed. Franz Zim-mermann and Carl Werner (Hermannstadt, 1892), nos. 2, 4—5, pp. 2—5; Karl Reinerth, ‘Siebenbiirger and Magdeburger Flandrenses-Urkunden aus dem 12. Jahrhundert’, Sudostdeutsches Archiv 8 (1965), pp. 26—56.

27 Brut у Tywysogyon or The Chronicle of the Princes: Red Book of Hergest Version, ed. Thomas Jones (Cardiff, 1955), p. 53.

28 Cartulary of Worcester Cathedral Priory, ed. RR Darlington (Ире Roll Society, n.s 37, 1968 for 1962-3), no. 252, pp. 134—5.

29 Ape Roll 31 Henry I, ed. J. Hunter (Record Commission, London, 1833), p. 136,

Примечания

365

30 Gerald of Wales (Giraldus Cambrensis), Itinerarium Kambriae 1.2, in J.S. Brewer, J.F. Dimock and G.F. Warner (eds.), Opera (8 vols., RS, 1861– 91) 6, pp. 1—152, at pp. 87—9.

31 idem. Speculum Duorum, ed. Yves Lefevre and RB.C. Huygens, general ed. Michael Richter (Cardiff, 1974), p. 36.

32 Brut у Tywysogyon, ed. Jones, p. 221.

33 Itinerarium Kambriae 1,13, ed. Brewer et al., p. 83.

34 Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters, ed. and tr, John O’Donovan (4 vols., Dublin, 1851), 2, p. 1173, s.a. 1169,

35 Recueil des historiens des croisades. Lois 2 (Paris, 1843), pp. 528—9, no. 44; Liber cartanim Sancte Crucis, ed. Cosmo Innes (Bannatyne Club, Edinburgh, 1840), app. 2, no. 7, p. 213 (cf. Acts of William I, King of Scots, 1165—1214, ed. Geoffrey Barrow (Regesta Regum Scottorum 2, Edinburgh, 1971), no. 560, p. 477); Helbig & Weinrich 1, no. 130, pp. 480—82.

36 Lacarra, no. 132; Coleccidn de fueros municipales у cartas pueblos de los reinos de Castillo, Ledn, Corona de Агаддп у Navarra, ed. Tomas Muftoz у Romero (Madrid, 1847), pp. 299—300.

37 Schlesisches UB, ed. Heinrich Appelt and Winfried Irgang (4 vols. to date, Graz, Cologne and Vienna, 1963—), 3, no. 2, pp. 15—16.

38 Cosmas of Prague, Chronica Boemorum 2.1, ed. Berthold Bretholz fSRGn-s., Berlin, 1923), p. 83.

39 Geoffrey Malaterra, De rebus gestis Rogerii Calabriae et Siciliae comitis et Roberti Guiscardi duds fratris eius 2.36-7, ed. Ernesto Pontieri (Rerum italicarum scriptores, n.s., 5/1, Bologna, 1928), p. 47.

40 Brut у Tywysogyon, ed. Jones, p. 145; cf. ibid., p. 109; Rees Da vies. Conquest, Coexistence and Change: Wales W63—1415 (Oxford, 1987), pp. 119-20.

41 Malaterra, De rebus gestis Rogerii 4.16, ed. Pontieri, pp. 95—6.

42 Sachsenspiegel, Landrecht 3.79.1, ed. Karl August Eckhardt (Germa-nenrechte, n.s.. Gottingen, 1955), p. 262.

43 Helbig & Weinrich 2, no. 67, p. 256; Josef Joachim Menzel, Die schlesischen Lokationsurkunden des 13, Jahrhunderts (Wurzburg, 1977), p. 184.

44 Inguisitio Eliensis, ed. N.E.SA Hamilton, Inquisitio comitatus Cant-abrigiensis, subjicitur Inquisitio Eliensis (London, 1876), pp. 97—183, at p. 97.

45 Alfred Haverkamp, Medieval Germany 1056—1273 (Eng. tr., Oxford, 1988), p. 301, referring to a scene in the Kleiner Lucidiarius of Seifried Hel-blinc.