Текст книги "Дуэль. Всемирная история"
Автор книги: Ричард Хоптон
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История
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Earl of Ilchester. Chronicles of Holland House, 1820–1900, London (1937), p. 497, and Annual Register, 1804.
Derek Hudson. Holland House, London (1967), p. 58.
Charles Moore. A Pull Inquiry into the Subject of Suicide… Two Treatises on Duelling and Gaming, Vol. II, London (1790).
John Cockbum D.D. The History and Examination of Duels Shewing Their Heinous Nature and the Necessity of Suppressing Them, London (1790), p. 2.
The Sixteenth Century Italian Duel, by F.R. Bryson, University of Chicago Press (1938), p. xii.
Edward Gibbon. The History of the Decline and Pall of the Roman Empire, Folio Soc. ed., Vol. IV, London (1986), p. 344.
Bryson, op. cit., pp. xiii-xv.
For this account of the early history of the trial by combat, I have drawn upon The Duel in European History, by V.G. Kieman, Oxford University Press (1986), Ch. III, and Robert Baldick, The Duel, London (1965), Ch. 1.
Eric Jager. The Last Duel, London (2005).
For this account of the ecclesiastical opposition to the judicial combat, I have again relied heavily on Bryson, op. cit., pp. xv-xvi.
Baldick, op. cit., p. 14.
For this summary of the duel of chivalry I have drawn on Baldick, op. cit., Ch. 2, and Kieman, op. cit. Ch. IV.
Baldick, op. cit., p. 14.
Priestley J.B. The Prince of Pleasure, London (1969), p. 286.
Kelly James. That Damn’d Thing Called Honour: Duelling in Ireland, 1570–1860, Cork University Press (1995), Ch. 1.
Anonymous account, probably c. 1635, private collection.
For some details see Baldick, op. cit., Ch. 1.
Holdsworth W.S. A History of the English Law, London (1923), Vol. II, p. 364.
Baldick, op. cit., Ch. 1 and Kieman, op. cit., p. 204.
John Taylor Allen. Duelling: An Essay Read in the Theatre at Oxford, June 10,1807, p. 4.
Bosquett Abraham. A Treatise on Duelling, London (1818),p.91.
Peltonen Markku. The Duel in Early Modern England: Civility, Politeness and Honour, Cambridge University Press (2003), p. 4.
Bryson, op. cit.. Appendix IX.
Bierce Ambrose. The Unabridged Devil s Dictionary, ed. Schutlz and Joshi, University of Georgia P (2002), p. 60.
Cheltenham Chronicle quoted in The Times, 1 August 1828.
The Times, 25 November and 3 December 1925.
Anon. The Vauxhall Affray: Or, the Maccaronies Defeated, London (1773).
See Mirror diary piece, 29 August 1957; also Daily Mail diary, 14 September 1957. I am grateful to Marcus Scriven for drawing my attention to this gem.
The Memoirs of Jacques Casanova, tr. Arthur Machen, London and New York (1960), Vol. IV, p. 386.
Crampton PC. Speech of PC. Crampton, Esq., at the Meeting of the Association for the Suppression of Duelling (1830), p. 4.
Pierce E. (ed.). The Diaries of Charles Greville, London (2005),pp. 145–146.
Lord Chesterfield. Miscellaneous Works, 4 vols., London (1779), Vol. II, p. 53.
Jones Thomas. 'A Sermon upon Duelling Cambridge (1792), p. 13.
Sir Richard Steele. The Court of Honour: or The Laws, Rules, and Ordinances Establish 'dfor the Suppression of Duels in France, London (1720).
Dick Oliver Lawson (ed.). Aubrey s Brief Lives, London (1960), p. xxii.
Evelyn, op. cit., p. 285.
Vemey & Vemey (eds). Memoirs of the Verney Family, 2 vols, London (1904), Vol. II, pp. 314–15. For clarity’s sake, I have modernised some of the more eccentric moments of the orthography.
Anonymous account (1722), private collection.
Sharp Granville. A Tract on Duelling, London (1790), p. ix.
Ibid., p. XV.
Annual Register, 1788.
The Times, 11 November 1926.
Cockbum, op.cit., p. 183.
Wilson John Lyde. The Code of Honor or. Rules for the Government of Principals and Seconds in Duelling, Charleston (1838), reprinted in Dueling in the Old South, by Jack K. Wlliams, Texas A&M University Press (1980).
Egremont Correspondence, William Wyndham to his brother, 3 August 1794, Somerset Record Office.
Kelly, op.cit., p. 135.
The Times, 3 January 1913.
The Times, 15 December 1922.
White Т.Н. The Age of Scandal, Oxford University Press (1986), p.77.
Latham Robert (ed.), The Shorter Pepys, London (1985), 17 January 1668.
The Will of Sir Richard Atkins, Centre for Buckinghamshire Studies, Aylesbury.
The Times, 14 March 1914.
Robert A. Nye. Honor and the Duel in the Third Republic, Oxford University Press (1993), pp. 187–188.
Fremantle A. (ed.) The Wynne Diaries, 3 vols, London (1935–1940), Vol. II, pp. 15–16.
McAleer Kevin. Dueling, Princeton University Press (1994), Ch. II.
Conrad Joseph. The Duel, in The Complete Short Fiction, ed. S. Hynes, London (1993), p. 69.
Lewis W.S. &: ors (eds), Horace Walpoles Correspondence, Yale edition (1937–1938), Vol. 17, p. 486, Letter to Sir Horace Mann, 7 July 1742.
Anonymous account (1787), private collection.
For this account of the Montgomery-Macnamara duel I have relied principally upon an anonymous account dated 6 April 1803. Private collection.
Times, 8 April 1840.
Anonymous account, dated 1776, private collection.
Anon., A Letter to the Gentlemen of the Army, London (1757), p. 16.
Baldick, op.cit., p. 36.
For this description of the challenge in Renaissance Italy I have relied upon Bryson, op. cit., Ch.
Lytton Edward Bulwer. Peftam, London (1884), pp. 250–251.
Russell Lord John (ed.). Memoirs, Journal and Correspondence of Thomas Moore, 8 vols, London (1853–1856), Vol. VI p. 7.
For this account I have relied upon the copy correspondence among the Grey Papers in the National Maritime Museum.
Colson R. White’s, 1693–1950, p.53.
Bosquett Abraham. ‘A Treatise on Duelling’, from The Pamphleteer, Vol. XII, London (1818), p. 87.
Thackeray W.M. Vanity Fair, London (1877 edition), p. 516.
A late Captain in the Army. General Rules and Instmctions for all Seconds in Duels, Whitehaven (1793), p. 17.
Annual Register, 1807.
Bosquett, op. cit., p. 81.
Ibid., p. 81.
General Rules and Instructions for all Seconds in Duels, p. 19–20.
Wilson, op. cit., p. 94.
Ferreus (ed.) Annuaire de Duel 1880–1889, Paris (1891).
The Times, 8 March 1924.
The Times, 14 March 1923.
Warrant for the arrest of Ambrose Poynter, 14 July 1831, London Metropolitan Archives, MJ/SP/1831/06/008.
Kelly, op. cit, p. 82.
Дуэль. Всемирная история
The Times, 23 August 1920.
The Times, 20 July 1911..
Donald D.H. Lincoln, London (1995), p. 91.
Account of a duel between the Revd. Mr Bate and Mr De Morande, Shropshire Archives, 1037/22/56.
Douglas William. Duelling Days in the Army, London (1884), pp. 100–101.
Anonymous account, probably 1780s, private collection.
The Times, 23 February 1914.
The Times, 26 February 1914.
Annual Register, 1807.
Tavemier Adolphe. L1Art du Duell, Paris (n.d., but probably 1884).
General Rules and Instructions for all Seconds in Duels, p. 20.
Anonymous account, dated 1784, private collection.
Annual Register, 1843.
Annual Register, 1826.
Annual Register, 1813.
Annual Register, 1843.
Annual Register, 1830.
General Rules and Instructions for all Seconds in Duels, p. 20.
Bosquett, op. cit., p. 82.
The Irish Code of Honor, reprinted in Williams, op. cit., p. 100.
Spencer Alfred (ed.). The Memoirs of William Hickey, London, Vol. 1, Ch. XIII (1919).
Times, 8 July 1908.
M. Fougere. L Art de ne jamais être tué ni blessé en duel sans avoir pris acune leçon d'armes (tr. author), Paris (1828)
The Times, 8 August 1929.
Twain Mark. A Tramp Abroad (1880).
Martin Papers. British Library, Add. MS 41354.
Chekhov Anton. The Duel, Modern Library Classics edition (2003), p. 72.
Ibid., p. 80.
Lermontov Mikhail. A Hero of Our Time, Penguin Classics (2001), pp. 130–132.
A Traveller. The Art of Duelling, London (1836), pp. 41–42.
Bulwer Lytton E. op. cit., p. 15.
Francis B. and Kearney E. (eds). The Francis Letters, London (n.d). Vol. I, pp. 308–311.
Felling Keith. Warren Hastings, London (1954), pp. 227–228.
Hinde Wendy. George Canning, London (1973), p. 226.
Ibid., p. 227.
Annual Register, 1796.
The Times, 18 October 1819.
The Times, 21 October 1828.
The Times, 8 May 1913.
The Times, 21 August 1913.
The Times, 13 June 1914.
The Irish Code of Honor, reprinted in Williams, op. cit. p. 102.
Reprinted in Williams, op. cit., p. 95.
Anonymous account, dated 1788, private collection.
The Times, 27 October 1923.
Annual Register, 1826.
Annual Register, 1827.
77-e 26 August 1840.
Annual Register, 1830.
The Times, 19 April 1912.
Annual Register, 1828.
The Times, 28 February 1910.
Winans Walter. Automatic Pistol Shooting, New York(1915), p.88.
Anonymous account, dated 1778, private collection.
Anonymous account, dated 1784, private collection.
The Times, 21 April 1821.
Anonymous account, dated 1784, private collection.
For the account of this duel I have relied upon Douglas, op. cit., p. 98, and an anonymous account, dated Wednesday, 10 September 1783, from a private collection.
Pushkin Alexander. Eugene Onegin, Penguin Classics (2003), pp. 138–139.
McAleer, op. cit., p. 59.
Ibid.
Casanova. Memoirs. Vol. IV, p. 385–388.
Anonymous account, dated 1787, private collection.
Casanova. Memoirs. Vol. IV, p. 388–389.
The Irish Code of Honor, reprinted in Williams, op. cit. p. 103.
Steinmetz Andrew. The Romance of Duelling, 1 vols, London (1868), Vol. i, p. 110, p. 59.
For this account I have relied on Annual Register, 1830.
The Times, 31 March 1829.
Annual Register, 1838.
Nye, op. cit., p. 195.
Winans, op. cit., pp. 85, 88.
A Traveller, op. cit., p. 42.
Revd. A. Dyce (ed.). Recollections of the Table-Talk of Samuel Rogers, London (1887), p. 216.
McAleer, op. cit., p.53.
Annual Register, 1816.
Winans, op. cit., p. 90.
Steinmetz, op. cit.. Vol. I, p. 108.
A Traveller, op. cit., p. 45.
Lewis W.S. & ors (eds). Horace Walpole's Correspondence, Yale edition (1937–3), Vol. 17, p. 173, Letter to Sir Horace Mann, 22 October 1741. Vol. 17.
Steinmetz, op. cit. Vol. I, p. 92.
Ibid., p. 33.
Annual Register, 1790.
A Traveller, op. cit., pp. 45–46.
Lord Chesterfield. Miscellaneous Works. 4 vols, London (1779), Vol. II, pp. 266–267.
The Times, 11 May 1914.
Gilpin Revd. William. A Dialogue on Duelling, London (1807), p. 227.
T.C. A Discourse on Duels. Shewing The Sinful Nature & Mischievous Effects of Them… London (1687), p. 65.
Williams Revd. John. On the Pernicious Vice of Duelling…, Stroud (1807), pp. 24–25 and 28.
Twain, op. cit., p. 35.
The Times, 29 December 1925.
The Reminiscences and Recollections of Captain Gronow, London (1892) (orig. 1860s).
See Leonie Frieda. Catherine de Medici, London (2003), pp. 2–6.
See Francois Billacois. The Duel Its Rise and Fall in Early Modem France (tr. Trista Selous), Yale University Press (1990), Ch. 5.
Ibid., Ch. 6.
Frieda, op. cit., p. 327.
See Baldick, op. cit., Ch. 4; also Brioist, Drevillon & Serna, Croiser le Fer (2002), pp. 248–249.
Brioist & ors., op. cit., p. 251.
The Laws of Honor, or an Account of the Suppression of Duels in France, printed for Thomas Flesher, London (1685), Preface.
Peltonen, op. cit., p. 80–81.
Cohen Richard. By the Sword, London (2002), p. 28.
Ibid., pp. 28–29.
Lawrence Stone, The Crisis of the Aristocracy: 1558–1641, OUP (1965), p. 242.
Ibid., p. 243.
Peltonen, op. cit., pp. 61–2 and Stone, op. cit., p. 244.
Peltonen, op. cit., p. 49.
Saviolo Vincentio. His Practice, London (1595), A.H. Corbie Collection, Kathoheke Universiteit Leuven.
As You Like It. Act v. Scene 4.
Hamlet. Act IV. Scene 7.
Ibid., Act V. Scene 2.
Stone, op. cit., p. 245.
Stone, op. cit.. Appendix XV.
Baldick, op. cit., p. 52.
Cohen, op. cit., p. 48.
Kieman, op. cit, Ch. 5, and McAleer, op. cit., p. 18.
Landale James. Duel, London (2005).
Billacois, op. cit., pp. 47, 48.
Billacois, op. cit, Ch. 9. p.83–84
Kieman, op. cit., Ch. 6.
Beraudiere Marc de la. Le Combat de Seul à Seul en Camp Clos, Paris (1608).
Kieman, op. cit., Ch. 5.
Buisseret David. Henry IV, London (1984), p. 161.
Stone, op. cit. Appendix XV.
Stone, op. cit, p. 245.
Billacois, op. cit., p. 32.
HMC, 75 Downshire 11, p. 184, letter from Sir Thomas Edmondes to William Trumbull, 13 November 1613.
HMC, 75 Downshire II, p. 185, letter of Samuel Calvert to William Trumbull, 13 November 1613.
Carlyle Thomas. Miscellanies (1869 edition), iv, p. 395.
From letter of Sir Thomas Dutton to the Earl of Salisbury, 17 June 1611, quoted in The Duttons of Dutton, p. 57 (Cheshire and Chester Archives ref X 920 DUT). In the passage of direct quotation I have modernised the spelling.
Stone, op. cit, p. 247.
HMC, 29 Portland IX, p. 54.
HMC, 29 Portland IX, pp. 55–56.
Ibid.
HMC, 75 Downshire IV, p. S, letter from J. Thorys to William Trumbull, 7 January 1613.
Ibid., p. 181, letter from Thomas Floyd to William Trumbull, Paris, 25 August 1613.
Holdsworth, op. cit.. Vol. v, pp. 199–201.
Finch-Hatton MSS, EH. 137, Northampton RO, p. 82
Vemey &Vemey, op. cit. Vol. i, p. 92.
Sir George Clark. War and Society in the Seventeenth Century, Cambridge University Press (1958), p. 38.
An Ordinance against Challenges, Duels and all Provocations thereunto (29 June 1654).
Davies Norman. Europe, Oxford University Press (1996), p. 568.
Kieman, op. cit., p. 90.
McAleer, op. cit, p. 19.
Davies, op. cit., p. 568.
Bayer G. Baroque Architecture in Germany, Leipzig (1961), Introduction.
Frevert Ute. Men of Honor: A Social and Cultural History of the Duel (tr. Anthony Williams), London (1995), Ch. 1.
Frevert op. cit, Ch. 1.
Davies Norman. The Isles, London (1999), pp. 482–483.
Kelly, op. cit, pp. 25–26
Davies, op. cit., p. 590.
Vemey & Vemey, op. cit.. Vol. I, pp. 413–414.
Kelly, op. cit, p. 29
For this account of de Bouteville’s early duelling career I have relied principally upon Pierre de Segar, La Jeunesse du Maréchal du Luxembourg 1628–1668, Fam, (1900) pp. 11–16.
My account of the duel is compiled from a number of different sources. I have tried to make it as complete and accurate as possible.
Edit du Roi contre Les Duels et Rencontres, Paris (1651), в переводе автора.
Cohen op. cit., pp. 76–79.
Salmon J.H.M. Cardinal de Retz, London (1969), pp. 31–37.
Bryant Arthur. King Charles 11, London (1931), p. 47.
Royal Proclamation, 24 November 1658.
Latham R. (éd.), The Shorter Pepys, London (1985), p.275, 15 May 1663.
HMC, 75 Downshire I, p. 115–116.
HMC, 24 Rutland II, p. 103, letter. Peregrine Bertie to Countess of Rutland, February 1685–1686.
HMC, 75 Downshire I, pp. 115–116, newsletter, 4 February 1685–1686.
The Shorter Pepys, p. 664,21 July 1666.
Hobbes Thomas. Leviathan (1651), Pelican edn (1968), pp. 343–344.
A Proclamation against the Fighting of Duels, 13 August 1660.
Clark, op. cit, p. 36.
A Proclamation against Duels, London (1679).
A Proclamation against fighting of Duels or single Combats, Edinburgh (1674).
HMC, 29 Portland III, p. 303, letter, Denis de Repas to Robert Harley, December 1666.
HMC, 25 Le Fleming,?. 52.
HMC, 29 Portland III, p. 511, letter, E. Hinton to Sir Edward Harley, London, March, 1668.
The Shorter Pepys, p. 871, 6 February 1668.
Sir W. Hope. The Comple at Fencing-Master, London (1692).
T.C., op. cit, p. 35.
Collier Jeremy. Of Duelling, in Miscellanies: in Five Essays, London (1694), pp. 20–21.
Steinmetz, op. cit., Vol. i, pp. 221–224.
Billacois, op. cit., Ch. 14.
Ibid.
Flesher, op. cit., and Brioist, op. cit, p. 277.
Brioist, op. cit, p. 277, trans, author.
Flesher, op. cit.
Baldick, op. cit, p. 61.
Brioist, op. cit., p. 277.
Sir Richard Steele. The Court of Honour: or The Laws, Rules, and Ordinances Establish ’dfor the Suppression of Duels in France, London (1720).
Dunlop Ian. Louis XIV, London (1999), p. 127.
Cohen, op. cit, p. 70.
The Memoirs of the Duke of Saint-Simon (tr. Bayle St John), New York (1936), Vol. I, part I, pp. 38–39.
Ibid, p. 161.
Ibid., p. 221.
Baldick, op. cit, p. 62
Brioist, op. cit, p. 245, trans, author.
Ibid, p. 277.
For this section on Ireland, I have relied heavily on Kelly, op. cit, Chs 1,2.
See Kelly, op. cit, pp. 32–3
Ireland – Lords Justices & Council, Dublin, 1685.
A Proclamation against Duelling, Dublin, 23 February 1690.
See Kelly, op. cit, p. 34
R McLynn, The Jacobites, London (1985), p. 18.
Kelly, op. cit. Ch. 2. p. 46
Ibid.
McLynn, op. cit, p. 18.
Kelly, op. cit, p. 51
Kelly, op. cit, pp. 55–56
Kelly, op. cit.. Table 2.6, p. 82.
Taylor G.S. (ed.). The Life and Uncommon Adventures of Captain Dudley Bradstreet, London (1928) (orig. Dublin, 1755).
Uffenbach Z.C. von. London in 1710 (ed.W.H. Quarrel and M. Mare), London (1934), pp. 89–90.
Anonymous account (1722), private collection.
Ryder Dudley. Diary 1715–1716 (ed. William Matthews), London (1939), pp. 254–255.
Ibid, p. 328.
Celebrated Trials and Remarkable Cases of Criminal Jurisprudence from the Earliest Records to the Year 1825, London (1825), Vol. Ill, p. 371.
The Case of Capt. John L … k relating to the Killing of Capt. John Dawson, London (1748).
Clark, op. cit, p. 31.
von Uffenbach, op. cit, p. 12.
Ibid.
Ibid.
Anonymous account, dated 1722, private collection.
See Victor Stater. Duke Hamilton is Dead!, New York (1999). The salient facts about Hamilton, Mohun and their duel that follow are drawn from this work and other sources.
Both of these tracts can be found in the A.H. Corbie Collection in the library of J. Catholieke Universiteit Leuven.
Chishull Edmund. Against Duelling: A Sermon Preach’d before the Queen (1712).
Downes Kerry. Sir John Vanburgh, London (1987), p. 414.
Spectator. No. 9, 10 March 1711, Everyman’s Library edn, London (1945), Vol. I, pp. 29–30.
Spectator. No. 97, 21 June 1711, Vol. I, pp. 300–303.
Ibid.
Sir Richard Steele. The Court of Honour: or The Laws, Rules, and Ordinances Establish’d for the Suppression of Duels in France, London (1720), pp. 94–100.
Isaac Watts, A Defence Against the Temptation to Self-Murther… Together with Some Reflections on … Duelling, London (1726), pp. 134–135.
Webster William. A Casuistical Essay on Anger and Forgiveness.., London (1750), p. 72 ff.
From the A.H. Corbie Collection, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
Clark J.C.D. English Society, 1688–1832, Cambridge University Press (1985), p. 109.
Ibid, quoting The Gentleman s Library.
Hibbert Christopher. The Grand Tour, London (1974), p. 15.
Ibid, quoted p. 24.
Frederick A. Pottle (ed.). Boswell on the Grand Tour, entry for 14 September 1764, London (1953).
W.S. Lewis & ors (eds.). Vol. 18, pp. 182–183, letter from Sir Horace Mann, 12 March 1743.
Frederick A. Pottle (ed.). Boswell in Holland, entry in February 1764, London (1952).
Carlyle Thomas. The French Revolution, Modern Library edn. New York (.2002), p. 17.
Baldick, op. cit, pp. 172–173.
Carlyle, op. cit, pp. 12–13.
Lucas-Dubreton J. Charles X, Paris (1927), p. 10, в переводе автора.
Ibid, p. 23, в переводе автора.
Ibid, p. 24.
Carlyle, op. cit, p. 29.
W.S. Lewis & ors (eds),,op. cit. Vol. 7, p. 283, from Paris Journals, December 1765.
See, for example, Kieman, op. cit, p. 187.
W.S. Lewis & ors (eds), op. cit. Vol. 38, p. 506, letter from Lord Hertford, 9 February 1765.
Ibid, Vol. 5, p. 175, letter from Mme de Defford, 27 January 1772.
Brioist, op. cit, p. 322.
Ibid, Ch. 7.
Pearson Roger. Voltaire Almighty, London (2005), p. 402.
This account is drawn from Pearson, op. cit, pp. 65–66.
Discours. The Hague (1751), A.H. Corbie Collection, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
HMC, 39 Hodgkin, p. 352.
Cohen, op. cit, p. 87.
Steinmetz, op. cit, pp. 282 and 280.
Cohen, op. cit, p. 93.
Annual Register, 1769.
Carlyle, op, cit, p. 549.
Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, OUP (1979).
Leigh Ashton (ed.). Letters and Memoirs of the Prince de Ligne, London (1927), pp. 149–150.
Ibid, p. 139.
Annual Register, 1772.
Annual Register, 1777.
Baldick, op. cit, p. 171–172.
McAleer, op. cit., pp. 19–20.
Giles MacDonogh. Frederick the Great, London (1999), pp. 21–23.
Frevert, op. cit., Ch. 2.
Pollnitz K.L. von. The Amorous Adventures of Augustus of Saxony, reprinted edn, London (1929).
Ibid., Ch.2.
Ibid., Chs. 11 and 5.
Casanova. Memoirs, Vol. V, pp. 586–7.
Ibid., p. 587.
Ibid., p. 590–591.
Hilton Brown (ed.). The Sahibs, London (1948), p. 1947.
Spear T.G.P. The Nabobs, Oxford University Press (1932), p. 8
Lawrence James, Raj: The Making and Unmaking of British India, London (1997), p. 166, quoting Colburns United Service Magazine (1844), Pt. Ill, p. 237.
Hilton Brown, op. cit., p. 147.
Douglas, op. cit., p. 21.
Minutes of Evidence taken before the Select Committee of the House of Commons on the Affairs of the East-India Company, London (1833), Vol. V, p. 165.
Proceedings of a European General Court Martial, n.d.
Douglas, op. cit., p. 17.
See Lord Monson and G. Leveson Gower (eds), Memoirs of George Elers, London (1903), p. 172. Some details also taken from an anonymous account, dated 1828, in a private collection.
Williamson Thomas. The East India Vade-Mecum, London (1810), Vol. II, p. 208.
Barr Andrew. Drink, London (1995), p. 47.
James, op. cit., p. 166.
The Memoirs of George Elers, pp. 81–89.
Weitzman Sophia. Warren Hastings and Philip Francis, Manchester (1929), p. xxix.
Forrest G.W. (ed.). Selections from Letters, Despatches and Other State Papers of the Government of India 1772–1785, Calcutta (1890), pp. 711–712.
Ibid.
Sir Penderel Moon. Warren Hastings and British India, London (1947), pp. 247–248.
The Case of Stephen Dods on the Bombay Establishment in the Service of the Hon. East India Company, London (n.d.).
Captain John Blanlcett, quoted in N.A.M. Rodger, The Command of the Ocean, London (2004), p. 436.
Williamson, op. cit., Vol. I, p. 73.
Annual Register, 1775.
The Times, 21 September 1819.
The Times, 17 August 1827.
The Times, 7 March 1828.
Annual Register, 1775.
The Times, 17 May 1819.
Sabine Lorenzo. Notes on Duels and Duelling Alphabetically arranged with a Preliminary Historical Essay, Boston (1859), p. 11.
Baldick, op. cit, p. 115.
Ibid.
Gamble Thomas. Savannah Duels and Duellists, 1733–1877, Savannah, Georgia (1923), Ch. 2.
I am grateful to Thomas Wilkins for this information.
Gamble, op. cit, p. 46.
Annual Register, Mil.
Idzerda S. J. (ed.), Lafayette in the Age of the American Revolution: Selected Letters and Papers, 1775–1790, Cornell University Press (1979), Vol. II, pp. 182n and 188–189.
Hugh A. Halliday. Murder Among Gentlemen, Toronto (1999), pp. 8–12.
Hugh A. Halliday. Murder Among Gentlemen, Toronto (1999), pp. 8–12.
Ibid, pp. 12–15.
Ibid, pp. 9 and 23.
Alexander C. Flich (ed.). The Papers of Sir William Johnson, Albany (1928), Vol. VI, pp. 753–755.
Douglas, op. cit, pp. vii-viii.
Newspaper cutting, dated 1773, private collection.
Henry Digby Beste. Personal and Literary Memorials, London (1829), p. 277.
Newspaper cutting, dated 1764, private collection.
W.S. Lewis & ors (eds),op. cit. Vol. 18, pp. 191–192, letter to Sir Horace Mann, 14 March 1743. Woolterton was Walpole’s uncle’s house in Norfolk.
Howell T.B. (ed.), A Complete Collection of State Trials, London (1812), Vol. XIX, pp. 1229–1230.
For this account of the development of duelling pistols I have relied largely on Duelling Pistols and Some of the Affairs Tltey Settled, by John A. Atkinson, London (1964).
Thackeray, op. cit, p. 278.
Ibid, p. 332.
Ehrman John. The Younger Pitt: The Consuming Struggle, London (1996), p. 128.
Ellis Joseph J. Founding Brothers, London (2002), p. 24.
Lewis W.S. Sf ors (eds), op. cit. Vol. 25, p. 37.
Foreman Amanda. Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire, London (1998), p. 42.
Greville Diaries, p. 152, 25 May 1836.
This account of the Heaton Park imbroglio and the Bentinck-Osbaldeston duel draws on Infamous Occasions, by John Welcome, London (1980), Ch. 2; Squire Osbaldeston, by E.D. Cuming, London (1926); and Lord Paramount of the Turf by Michael Seth-Smith, London (1971).
White Т.Н. The Age of Scandal, Oxford University Press (1986), pp. 32–35 (orig. London, 1950).
Douglas, op. cit, p. 41.
Barr, op. cit, p. 84.
William Hague. William Pitt the Younger, London (2004), pp. 220–221.
White, op. cit, p. 75.
White, op. cit., p. 66.
Lewis W.S. & ors (eds),op. cit., Vol. 38, p. 503.
Ibid., Vol. 23, p. 256.
Douglas, op. cit., pp. 14–15.
Ibid., p. 16.
Douglas, op. cit., p. 150.
Carola Oman, Nelson, London (1947), p. 286.
Annual Register, 1799.
Fremantle Papers, Buckinghamshire RO.
Martin Papers, British Library, Add. MS 41354.
Ibid.
Lewis W.S. & ors (eds), op. cit.. Vol. 22, pp. 183–184, letter to Sir Horace Mann, 17 November 1763.
Uglow Jenny. Hogarth: A Life and a World, London (1997), p. 686.
W.S. Lewis & ors (eds), op. cit. Vol. 33, p. 144, letter to Lady Ossory, 2 December 1779.
Douglas, op. cit., pp. 65–67.
Lewis W.S. & ors (eds), op. cit.. Vol. 29, pp. 13–14.
Annual Register, 1780
C.T. d’Eyncourt to his father, 19 June 1831, Lines. RO: 2 T d’E H/92 No. 21.
C.T. d’Eyncourt to his father, 21 June 1831, Lines. RO: 2 T d’E H/92 No. 22.
Hague, op. cit., p. 427.
Ehrman, op. cit., p. 128.
Earl Stanhope, Life of the Rt. Hon. William Pitt, London (1862). Vol. Ill, p. xiv.
Hinde Wendy, George Canning, London (1973), p. 227.
The Times, 14 October 1809.
Aspinall A. (ed.). The Later Correspondence of George III, Cambridge University Press (1970), Vol. V, p.368.
Marchioness of Londonderry, Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, London (1904), p. 42.
Longford Elizabeth. Wellington: Pillar of State, London (1972), p. 186.
Copy of letter from Winchelsea to Falmouth, 20 March 1829, from uncatalogued Finch-Hatton Papers in Northamptonshire Record Office.
Longford, op. cit., p. 188.
Pearce E. (ed.). The Diaries of Charles Greville, London (2005), p. 27.
Longford, op. cit., p. 189.
Times, 23 March 1829.
Ibid.
Sir Herbert Maxwell (ed.). The Creevy Papers, London (1904), Vol. II, p. 200.
Longford, op. cit., p. 190.
Steinmetz, op. cit., Vol. I, p. 325
Drawn from two anonymous accounts, one 1782 and one undated, from a private collection, and from Steinmetz, op. cit., Vol. 11, pp. 28–29.
Anonymous account, dated 1784, private collection.
Anonymous account, dated 1783, private collection.
The Times, 23 June 1828.
Veren J.A. Alumni Cantabrigiensis, Part II, Vol. II, Cambridge University Press (1944).
Anonymous account, dated 1783, private collection.
From A Baite for the Devil (1779), quoted in the ODNB, Vol. 17, p. 72.
Letter to The Times, 11 February 1937.
Shropshire RO, ref.: 1037/22/56.
Kieman, op. cit., Ch. VI.
Steinmetz, op. cit, pp. 58–59.
The Recollections of Captain Gronow, London (1892), Vol. I, p. 52 (orig. 1860s).
Michaelis-Jena R. (tr. and ed.), ‘A Lady Travels’: Journeys in England and Scotland from the Diaries of Johanna Schopenhauer, London (1988), p. 191.
Howells, op. cit. Vol. XIX, p. 1184.
Annual Register, 19,30.
Report of the Trial of David Landale, Esq., Before the Circuit Court of Justiciary, At Perth, on Friday, 22nd September, 1826. See also Landale, op. cit, pp. 236–238.
Douglas, op. cit, p. 175.
Steinmetz, op. cit. Vol. I, p. 38.
Shatp, op. cit, p. iii.
Sir William Blackstone. The Commentaries on the Laws of England (ed. R.M. Kerr), London (1876), Vol. IV, p. 381.
The Trial of Capt Edward Clarke, Commander of H.M.S. Canter bury/or the Murder of Capt. Thomas Innes, Commander of H.M.S. Warwick in a Duel in Hyde Park, 12 March 1749, London (1750).
Steinmetz, op. cit.. Vol. I, p. 45.
Douglas, op. cit, pp. 6–10.
Aspinall, op. cit. Vol. I, p. 418.
Ibid, p. 229.
Kelly op. cit, p. 233
Aspinall, op. cit.. Vol. V, p. 113.
Hill and Powell (eds). Boswell’s Life of Johnson, Oxford University Press (1934), Vol. II, p. 226.
Ibid, Vol. IV, p. 211.
Layard Charles Peter. A Practical Essay on Duelling, Cambridge (1775), and Samuel Hayes, Duelling: A Poem, Cambridge (1775).
Brougham MSS, UCL Special Collections, Brougham HB/34247, letter. Lord Auckland to Henry Brougham, 25 March 1829.
Ibid., HB/38138, letter, LJR to Hemy Brougham, 25 March 1829.
Ibid., HB/10459, letter, Thomas Spring-Rice to Brougham, 1 October 1827.
Annual Register, 1842.
Woodham-Smith Cecil. The Reason Why, London (1953), pp. 12–14.
Ibid, pp. 93–94.
Marquess of Anglesey. One-Leg, London (1961), p. 316.
Titus. A Plan to Abolish Duelling, London (1844), p. 47.
Ibid.
Ibid. p. 37.
Revd. Edward Berry, Essays, Reading (1806).
Lord George Grenville. An Essay on Duelling, Oxford (1807), pp. 14 and 15.
Ibid, pp. 25–26.
Senex Observator. Calm Reflections submitted to the Advocates for Duelling, Colchester (1810).
Bluett J.C. Duelling and the Law of Honour examined and condemned, London (1836).
Dunlop John. Anti-Duelling: or a Plan for the Abrogation of Duelling, London (1843).
Revd. Peter Chalmers, Two Discourses on the Sin, Danger, and Remedy of Duelling, Edinburgh (1822), pp. 11–12.
Crampton, op. cit, p. 3.
Titus, op. cit.
Donna T. Andrew. ‘The Code of Honour and its critics: the opposition to duelling in England: 1700–1850, in Social History, Vol. V, № 3, p. 427.
The Times, 11 February 1841.
For this period of Cardigan’s career, see Woodham-Smith, op. cit. Ch. IV.
Woodham-Smith, op. cit, p. 64.
The Times, 15 February 1841.
The Times, 31 March 1841.
The Times, 11 February 1841.
The Times, 17 February 1841.
Kieman, op. cit, p. 216.
Steinmetz, op. cit.. Vol. II, p. 365.
Report of the Association for the Discouragement of Duelling, London, 1844, A.H. Corbie Collection, KU Leuven.
Annual Register, 1844.
Steinmetz, op. cit. Vol. II, p. 369.
Kieman, op. cit, p. 218.
Glasgow Archives T-SK 29/6/91–3, letter, A. Hayward to Sir William Stirling-Maxwell (19 December 1852).
Welcome John. Cheating at Cards: The Cases in Court, London (1963), p. 17, and for the de Ros affair generally.
Ibid.
Giles St Aubyn, Edward VII, Prince and King, London (1979), p. 166.
W Teignmouth Shore (ed.). The Baccarat Case: Gordon-Cumming v. Wilson & Ors, London (1932), p. 3.
For this account of duelling in Ireland I have drawn on Chs 3, 4, Kelly op. cit.
Kelly, op. cit. pp. 100–112.
Kelly, op. cit, tables on p. 81.
Kelly, op. cit, tables on p. 118 ff.
Kelly, op. cit, tables on pp. 213–214.
Jack K. Williams, op. cit, p. 100.
Kelly, op. cit, p. 149
Somerville-Large Peter. Irish Eccentrics, Dublin (1990) (orig. 1975).
Douglas, op. cit, pp. 120–1211.
Spencer, op. cit. Vol. I, p. 287.
Somerville-Large, op. cit, pp. 161–162.
Ibid.
Kelly, op. cit, p. 157.
Ibid, p. 157.
Somerville-Large, op. cit, pp. 168–169.
Dublin Evening News (17 June 1786), quoted in Kelly, op. cit, p. 157.
Lewis W.S. & ors (eds), op. cit. Vol. 20, p. 289, letter to Sir Horace Mann, 22 November 1751.
Norman Davies. The Isles, London (1999), p. 725.
NormanGash. Peel, London (1976), p. 33.
Baldick, op. cit, pp. 102–103.
Fitzpatrick W.J. (ed.). The Correspondence of Daniel O’Connell, London (1888), Vol. I, pp. 31–33.
Baldick, op. cit, p. 103.
Ibid.
The Diaries of Charles Greville, p. 145.
Ibid, p. 146.
Samuel Rogers, op. cit, pp. 216–217.
Blake Robert. Disraeli, New York (1967), pp. 124–125.
Ibid, p. 125.
Ibid, p. 126.
Russell, op. cit, Vol. VI p. 346.
Fitzpatrick, op. cit. Vol. II, pp. 47–48.
The Times, 28 February 1816.
The Times, 18 July 1829.
Anonymous account, dated 1827, private collection.
Fitzpatrick, op. cit. Vol. I, p. 48.
Annual Register, 1779.
Interesting Trial: Trial of Rowan Cashel, Gent, Cork (1816), A.H. Corbie Collection, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
See Douglas, op. cit, pp. 158–69 and Kelly, op. cit, pp. 210–211
Kelly, op. cit, p. 162.
Kelly, op. cit, p. 233.
Ibid.
Annual Register, 1815.
Lewis W.S. & ors (eds), op. cit.. Last Journals, i, p. 269.
Odell William Butler, Essay on Duelling, Cork (1814),
Davies Revd. John. An Essay on Duelling, Dublin (1815).
Bardin Revd. Charles. On Duelling, a sermon, Dublin (1822).
A Christian Patriot. Some Short & Useful Reflections upon Duelling, Dublin (1823), pp. 16–17.
Ibid., p. 21.
Ibid., pp. 38–39.
Speeches of the Hon. Samuel Prentiss, Washington (1838).
Hussey Jeannett. The Code Duello in America, Washington (1980), p. 5.
Steward Dick. Duels and the Roots of Violence in Missouri, University of Missouri Press (2000), p. 12.
Ibid., p. 5.
Ellis, op. cit., p. 20.1 am grateful to Andrew Newell for drawing this essay to my attention and, indeed, for giving me the book in which it appears.
Ibid., pp. 27–31.
Ibid., p. 26.
Daily Telegraph (13 July 2004).
Ellis, op. cit, p. 39.
Philanthropos. A Letter to Aaron Burr …on the Barbarous Origin, Criminal Nature and the Balejul Effects of Duels, New York (1804).
Dwight Timothy (President of Yale). A Sermon Preached in the College Chapel at New Haven, Hartford (1805).
The Code Duello in America, p. 14.
Ibid.
Ibid., p. 9.
For this account of Lincoln’s near-duel I have relied on Lincoln by D.H. Donald, London (1995), pp. 91 ff
The Code Duello in America, p. 17.
Williams, op. cit., pp. 16–17.
Steward, op. cit., p. 78.
Code Duello in America, pp. 28–29.
Steinmetz, op. cit., p. 298.
Baldick, op. cit., pp. 125–6.
Wyatt-Brown Bertram. Southern Honor: Ethics and Behavior in the Old South, Oxford University Press (1982), p. 167.
Steward, op. cit., p. 42.
Steward, op. cit., pp. 20–36.
This account is drawn from Steward, op. cit., pp. 63–73.
Mahan A.T. Sea Power in its Relations to the War of 1812, London (n.d.). Vol. II, p. 134.
Forester C.S. The Age of Fighting Sail, London (1968) (orig. 1957), p. 128.
For an account of the action between the Chesapeake and the Shannon see Henry Adams, The War of 1812 (1999 edn), New York, pp. 140–147.
Ibid, p. 140.
Ibid, p. 141.
Forester, op. cit, p. 84.
AH quoted in Code Duello in America, pp. 23–25.
Ibid, p. 21–22.
The Times, 29 April 1829.
The Code Duello in America, p. 21.
Adams, op. cit, p. 35.
Steward, op. cit, pp. 194–195.
Williams, op. cit, pp. 28–29.
Ibid, pp. 31–33.
Annual Register, 1S23.
Anonymous account, dated 1828, private collection.
Annual Register, 1830.
Anonymous account, dated 1800, private collection.
Annual Register, 1S03.
Sabine, op. cit, p. 11.
Ibid.
Williams, op. cit, p. 67.
Steward, op. cit, p. 124.
Williams, op. cit, p. 67.
Revd. Lyman Beecher, The Remedy for Duelling, Boston (1838), p. 4.
Ibid, pp. 4 and 5.
Annual Register, 1838.
Sabine, op. cit, p. 12.
M.A.H. Niles, The Sin of Duelling: A Sermon, Newburyport, Mass. (1838), p. 18.
Revd. WW. Patton, Patton on Duelling (n.d.).
Sabine, op. cit, p. 11.
Williams, op. cit, pp. 67–68.
Steward, op. cit, pp. 39–40.
Baldick, op. cit, pp. 135–136.
Williams, op. cit, p. 81.
Gamble, op. cit, Ch. XVIII.
Williams, op. cit, p. 82.
Charles Summerfield, Duellists and Duelling in the South-West, New York (1847), Preface.
Ibid.
Ibid, p. 12.
Ibid, pp. 21–23.
GFCDA, Expose d'un Plan pour arrêter les duels, Paris (1790), в переводе автора.
Ibid.
Kieman, op. cit., p. 187.
Carlyle, op. cit, pp. 342–343.
Ibid.
Ibid, p. 344.
The Examiner, 18 February 1827, in Bentham MSS, UCL Special Collections.
Macdonnell A.G. Napoleon and His Marshals, London (1950), p. 36.
Macdonnell, op. cit, passim.
Conrad Joseph. The Duel, in The Complete Short Fiction (ed. S. Hynes), London (1993), p. 69.
Ibid.
Ibid, p. 126.
Ibid, p. 127.
The Autobiography of William Jerdan, London (1852), Vol. I, p. 183.
Gronow, op. cit. Vol. I, pp. 104–106.
Steinmetz, op. cit. Vol. II, pp. 80–85.
Nye, op. cit, p. 145.
Ibid.
Macdonnell, op. cit, pp. bc-x.
Gibson Ralph. The French Nobility in the Nineteenth Century, in Elites in France: Origins, Reproduction and Power, ed. Howarth & Cemy, London (1981), pp. 41–45.
Zeldin Theodore. France: 1848–1945, Vol. II, Oxford University Press (1977), p. 878.
Ibid, p. 901.
Weber Eugen. France: Fin de siècle. Harvard University Press (1986), pp. 218–220.
Zeldin, op. cit. Vol. I, p. 402.
Weber, op. cit, p. 218.
Nye, op. cit, p. 133.
Ibid, p. 134.
Ibid.
Ibid, p. 135.
Ibid.
Zeldin, op. cit. Vol. I, p. 570.
Ibid, p. 587.
Weber, op. cit, p. 27.
Zeldin, op. cit. Vol. II, p. 494.
Zeldin, op. cit. Vol. II, pp. 499–502.
Nye, op. cit, p. 210.
Cohen, op. cit, p. 184.
Nye, op. cit, pp. 160 ff.
Weber, op. cit, p. 106.
Nye, op. cit, p. 137.
Ibid, p. 185.
The Times, 20,22 and 27 July 1911.
Nye, op cit. Ch. 8.
All these are in the A.H. Corbie Collection, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
Davenport-Hines Richard. A Night at the Majestic, London (2005), p. 146.1 am grateful to Mr Davenport-Hines for allowing me to read and quote from his book at the proof stage.
Zeldin, op. cit, Vol. I, p. 757.
McAleer, op. cit, p. 75.
Annual Register, 1849, p. 163.
Das Kleine Journal, quoted in McAleer, op. cit., p. 75.
McAleer, op. cit, p. 86.
Ibid, pp. 86–87.
Ibid, pp. 88–90.
Ibid, p. 91,
Hull Isabel V. The Entourage of Kaiser Wilhelm II, 1888–1918, Cambridge University Press (1982), p. 199.
Frevert, op. cit, pp. 64–65.
Ibid, p. 65.
The Times, 25 April 1912.
Frevert, op, cit, pp. 38–39.
Frevert, op, cit, p. 70.
McAleer, op. cit, p. 103.
Frevert, op, cit, p.71.
Frevert, op. cit, p. 234.
McAleer, op. cit, p. 76.
Ibid, p. 43.
Ibid, p. 69.
McAleer, op. cit, p. 121.
Sir Lees Knowles. A Day with Corps-Students in Germany, London (1913); Jerome K. Jerome. Three Men on the Bummel, London (1900) (Penguin edn, 1983), Ch. 13; Marie Twain. A Tramp Abroad (Modem Library Paperback edn, 2003), Chs. V, VI and VII. I have not inserted specific references for each allusion or quotation.
McAleer, op. cit, p. 151.
McAleer, op. cit, p. 143.
Wehler U.-H. The German Empire, 1871–1918 (tr. K. Traynor), Dover, NH (1985), p. 126.
McAleer, op. cit, p. 149.
Ibid, p. 128.
Both in A.M. Corbie Collection, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
Fontane Theodor. Effie Briest (tr. Morrison and Chambers), London (1995), p. 177 (orig. 1895).
Reyfman Irina (Ирина Рейфман). Ritualized Violence, Russian Style («Ритуализованная агрессия. Дуэль в русской культуре и литературе»), Stanford University Press (1999), p. 8.
Следующие исторические зарисовки по дуэлям в России в значительной мере, но не исключительно основаны на книге Ирины Рейфман. Вступление и глава 2.
Reyfman, op. cit, p. 8.
The Times, 8 and 10 July 1908.
The Times, 19 May 1910.
Reyfman, op. cit, pp. 160–163.
Binyon T.J. Pushkin, London (2002), p. 517.
Details from Binyon, op. cit, pp. 520–9 and 621–630.
Laurence Kelly, Lermontov: Tragedy in the Caucasus, London (1977), p. 166.
Ibid., p. 167.
Ibid., pp. 177–179.
Kelly, op. cit, p. 121.
Ibid., p. 141.
Turgenev Ivan. Fathers and Sons (Oxford World’s Classics edn 1991), p. 149.
Tolstoy Leo. War and Peace (Penguin edn 1982), pp. 368–369.
The Times, 13 June 1914.
The Times, 23 March 1914.
The Times, 3 and 9 January 1913.
The Times, 28 May 1908.
The Times, 30 January and 19 March 1909.
In A.H. Corbie Collection, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
Davies, Eur, p. 1328.
Breittmayer Georges. Après Guerre Août 1914; Code de L’Honneur et Duel, Paris (1918), p. 13, в переводе автора.
Ibid., p. 93, в переводе автора.
The Times, 24 and 26 September 1921.
The Times, 1 October 1921.
The Times, 6 January 1922.
The Times, 5 January 1921.
The Times, 3 February 1922.
Frevert, op. cit., p. 235.
The Times, 20 July 1929.
Frevert, op. cit, pp. 202–203.
Ibid.
The Times, 20 June 1923.
The Times, 27 November 1930.
The Times, 7 April 1933.
The Times, 8 My 1936.
The Times, 25 October 1937.
Frevert, op. cit., p. 225.
Gelli Jacopo. Statistica del Duello, Milan (1892).
Smith Denis Mack. Mussolini, London (1983), p. 132.
Ettore G. Questioni d’onore, Milan (1928), A.H. Corbie Collection, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
The Times, 13 October 1921.
The Times, 28 October 1921.
The Times, 27 October 1930.
The Times, 20 January 1920.
The Times, 15 December 1922.
The Times, 23 August 1920.
Renviel Carlos de. El Medico en los duelos, Buenos Aires (1918), A.H. Corbie Collection, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
The Times, 26 July 1935.
The Times, 8 July 1935.
The Times, 26 January 1934.
The Times, 20 February 1935.
The Times, 3 April 1934.
The Times, 19 May 1938.
The Times, 21 May 1938.
The Times, 31 March 1958
The Times, 19 October 1954.
The Times, 7 November 1958.
The Times, 31 March. 1959.
The Times, 6 July 1959.
The Times, 26 March 1970.
Quoted from article by Chris Sladden in Christ Church Magazine (2004), p. 3.
The Times, 29 May 1954.
In an interview with the author (January 2006).
The Times, 13 June 1958.
In an interview with the author (November 2005).
