Текст книги "Hero: The Life and Legend of Lawrence of Arabia "

Автор книги: Michael Korda

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Index

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Note: Page numbers in italicsrefer to illustrations.

Aaronsohn, Aaron, 328–29Aaronsohn, Sarah, 498Aba el Naam, railway station at, 77–78Aba’l Issan (Abu el Lissal), 95–96, 98, 101, 402, 404Abd el Aziz, 419Abd el Kader el Abdo (hero), 43, 307, 327–28Abd el Kader el Abdo, emir (grandson), 329–35Auda’s warning about, 332at Damascus, 430, 431–32, 433and Deraa incident, 342, 343, 400desertion at Yarmuk, 335, 400, 430at Ezraa, 417journey to Azrak, 327, 329–30, 331, 334Lawrence betrayed to Turks by, 335, 342, 343, 400, 430volatility of, 328, 329, 333, 431–32Abdul Hamid II, sultan, 259Abdul Kerim, 172Abdulla (Mesopotamian soldier), 370, 371Abdulla, emir (son of Hussein), 140assassination of, 14, 16, 518as first king of Jordan, 14, 16, 80, 277n, 405, 444, 511, 515, 518, 519, 520, 523, 524, 528–29in Jidda, 14–16leadership qualities of, 15–16, 80, 483, 532memoirs of, 16and military strategy, 27, 29, 35, 62–63, 70, 71, 76, 80, 266, 298and outbreak of Arab Revolt, 291–92and plans for Arab Revolt, 10, 40, 259–61Saudi defeat of, 483–84at Wadi Ais, 60, 71, 73, 74, 76Abdulla el Feir, sharif, 313, 374Abdulla el Nahabi, 367Abdullah (son of Obeid), 25Abdulla II, king of Jordan, 529Abu el Lissal, 95–96, 98, 101, 402, 404Abu Tayi tribe, 360Abyssinia, military strategy between wars, 29Aden, British port of, 527Aйro-Club de France, 642Afghanistan:Amanullah as king of, 632, 634, 639British wars fought in, 632Lawrence’s warning about, 254, 626modern-day wars in, 30newspaper rumors about, 634–35and RAF Fort Miranshah, Waziristan, 631–34Russian ambitions toward, 12tribal unrest in, 632, 635, 639 African Queen, The(film), 92Ageyl tribesmen, 71–72, 95Ahmed Jemal Pasha, 344as al-SaГah (the butcher), 34, 430amnesty sought by, 360–61, 398–99Feisal’s dealings with, 266, 360–61, 400and military strategy, 70, 266as Turkish ruler, 34–35, 285nAid, Harithi sharif, 312–13, 314Air Ministry, Marine Equipment Branch, 653, 659–60Aldington, Richard, Lawrence of Arabia, 118, 687–90, 694, 696Aleppo, 307Lawrence’s travels in, 172–73, 175as military goal, 263railway line to, 429Alexandretta, as military goal, 262–64Alexandria, Queen (widow of Edward VII), 554Algeria, as French colonial possession, 48, 327, 442Ali, emir (son of Hussein), 16journey to Rabegh, 17–18, 21–28and military strategy, 27, 29, 35, 62Ali el Alayan, 362–63Ali ibn Hussein, sharif of Harith:and Abd el Kader, 329, 330, 331, 333at Azrak, 340, 341and tribal rivalries, 332–33Ali Riza Pasha, 91, 333, 343, 429Ali Riza Rejabi, 431, 433Allenby, Sir Edmund, 210, 355, 696and Aqaba, 108, 110, 112and Beersheba, 111, 297–98, 323, 331, 333–34, 352, 406and Damascus, 112, 414, 425, 427, 429, 435–37as EEF commander, 105, 318and Feisal, 298, 300, 436–37and Gaza, 323, 325, 326, 331–34, 352honors and awards to, 384and Jerusalem, 105, 112, 297, 307, 351–53, 356, 361and Lawrence’s death, 679Lawrence’s first meeting with, 108, 108, 110–11Lawrence’s friendship with, 236, 382, 439, 654and Lawrence’s mental anguish, 376, 377, 379as mentor to Lawrence, 295–96, 341, 357, 378, 513and Middle East diplomacy, 524, 689military strategies of, 106, 111–12, 233n, 297–98, 307, 322–23, 325, 326, 357, 359, 374, 378–80, 391, 396, 401, 402, 406, 407, 411, 414personal traits of, 111and Salt, 391–92, 395, 413and Seven Pillars, 500, 593, 623and Thomas, 384, 481, 493west bank [Jordan] victory of, 411–13, 414, 415and World War I, 381–82Allenby, Lady, 439, 481All Souls College, Oxford University, 681Lawrence as outsider at, 492Lawrence’s dagger donated to, 587nLawrence’s fellowship at, 119, 185n, 484–85, 489–90, 491–92, 497, 503as refuge, 490, 491social network of, 143, 533, 557, 579Altounyan, Dr. (Oriental rug collector), 231, 239, 475Amanullah, king of Afghanistan, 632, 634, 639American Indians, destruction of, 476Amery, Leo, 576Amman:British raids on, 390, 403as military goal, 406, 407 see alsoJordanAnazeh tribe, 423Andrews, Wing Commander, 660Angell, Flight Lieutenant, 633Antoniou, Gregorios, 189, 192–93Antonius, George, 268, 276Aqaba:Arab attack on, 98–102Arab victory in, 102–6, 103, 110, 112, 238, 301, 518defense and administrative support of, 103–4, 106–12in history, 1Lawrence in (prewar), 5–6, 63, 83, 238Lawrence’s journey to, 82–92, 95–96, 97and mapping expedition, 237–38military base in, 298, 303, 306, 318, 380motor vehicles in, 357–58, 359strategic importance of, 1–2, 21, 67, 83, 89, 112strategic thinking about, 81, 82, 85, 92, 95, 96, 100Thomas in, 383–88Turkish control of, 1–2, 4, 89as turning point for Lawrence, 295Arab army:Bedouin tribesmen in, 14, 19–20, 31, 54, 65, 68, 299, 306, 310, 357, 360, 370, 374, 394British use of, for its own purposes, 39–40, 81, 83–84, 402, 414in conventional warfare, 366, 379, 401demolition lessons for, 35n, 51–52, 77, 322, 531diverse groups in, 19–21, 36, 68, 299, 306, 360, 370, 375, 402, 404–5films of, 480guerrilla warfare of, 57, 76–78, 93–94, 111, 297–98, 306, 310–11, 314–18, 322, 357, 359, 396, 696Lawrence’s understanding of, 35, 56–57, 64, 66, 94–95, 187, 214, 296, 311, 400, 401–2, 405, 514, 518and religion, 55–56slapdash condition of, 35, 55, 56–57, 65–66, 401, 425–27, 432thievery of, 36n, 426Turkish superiority to, 20, 35, 36, 53, 57“Twenty-Seven Articles” about, 56victories needed by, 41, 81, 91, 314victory at Aqaba, 102–6, 103, 110, 112, 301, 518victory at Tafileh, 365–73, 380victory at Wejh, 66–67, 68weapons and money needed by, 35–36, 37, 38, 45, 57, 67, 104, 111, 285 Arab Bulletin, 7, 283, 362, 500, 526Arab Bureau:in Cairo, 7, 109, 273, 284, 477creation of, 284, 285Hussein supported by, 88Lawrence’s work with, 7, 9, 48–49, 291, 376–77roles in Arab Revolt, 11, 284Arabia:blood feuds in, 23, 72, 221cruelty in, 34–35, 37diseases in, 214, 215–16foreign influence in, 197hospitality in, 5, 23, 64, 73–74, 169, 170, 626hostility toward Europeans in, 21, 403hygiene lacking in, 36n, 64ibn Saud’s ambitions for, 453Lawrence’s ambitions for, 61, 405, 413–14, 429–30, 435, 437, 443, 451–52, 468, 477, 494, 512, 686, 696map, 3nationalism in, 19, 24, 41, 256, 258–59, 266, 267–69, 286, 507, 697Rub al-Khali (Empty Quarter), 647rulers of, 88, 277–78sex in, 363–64sharia law in, 526slavery in, 20, 31thievery in, 169Arab Legion, 519, 528Arab nation:broken promises to, 506, 697independent, as goal, 41, 259, 260, 262, 266–67, 456, 467, 696and Jewish nation, 399–400, 465–68; see alsoPalestine; Zionismnebulous concept of, 260–61, 266, 268not ready for independence, 484, 517and Paris Peace Conference, 100, 474ruler planned for, 277–78and Sykes-Picot Agreement, 39, 81–82, 276, 277–78, 361, 413, 436, 465, 486, 505United Arab Republic, 697Arab Revolt:amnesty proposal for, 360–61, 398–99, 400British agencies involved in, 11–12, 45–46, 104, 284, 483British financial support for, 20, 32, 59, 62, 69–70, 87, 109, 110, 112, 259, 285, 292, 296, 302, 375, 376, 378, 500British policies inconsistent in, 12, 82, 88and British promises broken, 40–41, 304, 377, 378, 401, 436–37, 465, 486early days of, 18–21films of, 480, 691, 692flag of, 272Lawrence’s fame in, 80, 296–97, 301, 321, 361, 377, 382, 493, 499, 532, 570Lawrence’s strategies in, 81, 83, 297–303, 518, 530–31, 696laying groundwork for, 10, 40, 61–62, 256, 259–61, 268, 284leadership needed in, 13, 32–38motor vehicles used in, 357–58, 359–60, 377, 396, 408–9, 580outbreak of, 270, 291–93positive publicity about, 361, 387Arfaja, journey to, 86–87Aristophanes, 401nArmenia:Turkish genocide of, 37, 221, 223, 263, 304, 373, 398, 475–76U.S. lack of interest in, 476Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, 136, 141, 155, 165, 182, 222, 223, 225, 675Asquith, Herbert H., 1st earl of Oxford, 59, 399nAstor, Lady Nancy:background of, 644and Lawrence’s death, 679, 680Lawrence’s friendship with, 134, 607n, 644–45and Lawrence’s mother, 490political contacts via, 652, 674–75socializing with, 644, 648, 650, 656Astor, Waldorf, Viscount Astor, 644Auda Abu Tayi, 70, 85, 393, 608at Abu el Lissal, 99–100and Aqaba, 81, 89–90, 106, 238in Damascus, 431, 432as Howeitat tribal leader, 68–69, 81, 87, 99, 301, 330journey to Aqaba, 82, 84, 86, 87, 92, 95, 100, 239journey to Azrak, 330, 331–32journey to Damascus, 428military strategies of, 81, 311, 357, 394, 417negotiations with the Turks, 301–2, 304personal traits of, 68–69, 90and Seven Pillars, 69, 80–81, 499at Tafas, 419, 420, 421and Tafileh, 360, 365, 366, 367and tribal rivalries, 92, 100and Turkish retreat, 428–29Ault, W. O., 156Australian Mounted Division, 333–34, 414, 429, 433, 480Austro-Hungarian army, in World War I, 10, 232Austro-Hungarian Empire:collapse of, 468surrender of, 453war declared by, 242Aziz Ali Bey el Masri, 13, 17–18, 19Aziz el Masri, 259Azrak:headquarters in, 340–41, 402, 405journey to, 89, 327, 328–35

Baghdad:attempts to capture, 5, 290–91British occupation of, 40, 268, 398Baker, Sir Herbert, 497, 499, 638, 673Balbo, Italo, 648–49Baldwin, Stanley, 447, 590–91, 602, 603, 674–75Balfour, Arthur J., 39, 440, 461–62, 463, 467, 468, 475Balfour Declaration (1917):controversial nature of, 261, 329, 352, 519–20and Feisal, 306, 399, 697and McMahon-Hussein correspondence, 453and Palestine, 519–20planned adjustments to, 269nSykes’s input into, 272, 280, 306and Zionism, 306, 399, 453, 454, 519–20, 531Barr, James, Setting the Desert on Fire, 69Barrie, J. M., 205Barrow, Sir G. deS., 414, 423, 425–28, 432Basra:British occupation of, 5, 40, 257, 259, 268, 398military intelligence in, 273, 284, 286–87Beach, W. H., 289, 290Beauforte-Greenwood, W. E. G., 653Beaumont, Thomas, 394Beaverbrook, William M. Aitken, Lord, 564Becket, Thomas, 405Bedouin tribesmen:in Arab army, 14, 19–20, 31, 54, 65, 68, 299, 306, 310, 357, 360, 370, 374, 394; see alsoArab armyand Arab regulars, 375, 401–2, 424British army confusion about, 380camels of, 24, 331characteristics of, 57, 69, 87, 94, 95, 187, 212, 296, 301–2, 311, 316clothing of, 22desertions of, 60, 395food of, 26–27, 84and guerrilla warfare, 57, 58, 306, 358, 417guide services of, 24Hejaz dominated by, 260, 307, 625hostility toward Europeans, 403intimidated by modern war instruments, 14, 19Lawrence’s leadership of, 187, 296, 356, 367, 395, 518–19, 522and spoils of war, 63, 66, 94, 100–101, 102, 317, 318, 339–40, 364, 380, 395, 412, 417, 427support for Arab Revolt, 85, 91, 375and Thomas’s film, 387tribal animosities of, 313, 332–33, 367, 404–5, 415, 424, 425, 430–33, 518Beecham, Sir Thomas, 480Beerbohm, Sir Max, 153Beersheba:Allenby’s attack on, 331, 333–34, 352, 406as military goal, 111, 297–98, 323Beeson, C. F. C. “Scroggs,” 141, 142, 144, 148, 150, 156Beirut, Lawrence’s travels in, 169, 179Belgium, German invasion of, 242, 246, 249Bell, C. F., 165, 178Bell, Gertrude, 140, 516and Arab Bureau, 273, 284and British intelligence activities, 252, 283death of, 626fame of, 194Lawrence’s friendship with, 242, 513and Lawrence’s postwar activities, 477, 512–13, 558personal traits of, 194, 626and postwar diplomacy, 471, 506, 512, 517tribal information gathered by, 242, 283, 286visit to Carchemish, 192, 194–95Beni Ali, Turkish massacre of, 37Beni Sakhr tribe, 332–33, 360, 364, 391–92Beni Salem, as date growers, 30–31Benn, Tony, 118Betjeman, John, 155nBilli tribes, 65Bir el Sheikh, journey to, 22, 26–27Birkenhead, Lord (formerly F. E. Smith), 271, 650Biscayne “Baby” speedboats, 649 Biscuit(speedboat), 649–51, 652Blake, William, 630Blandford-Baker, Mark, 162nBlйriot, Louis, 171Bliss, Howard S., 472nBlumberg, Lillian, 691nBlumenfeld, R. D., 564, 568, 630Blunt, Wilfred Scawen, 506Boer War, 57Bolt, Robert, 692Bone, Reginald, 627–29, 631Bonham-Carter, Ian Malcolm, 550–51, 553Borton, A. E. “BiГy,” 606–7Bowra, C. M., 661Boyle, William “Ginger,” 43–44, 56, 59, 64, 65–66, 90, 301Brando, Marlon, 692, 693Bray, Sir Denis, 634Breese, drill adjutant, 551–53Brйmond, Йdouard, 48, 52, 60, 67, 70, 298, 458, 463Britain:ambitions for Middle East, 38–40, 42n, 60, 81–82, 83–84, 89, 92, 112, 253, 261, 270, 277–78, 284, 303, 504, 505, 533, 697and Arab Revolt, seeArab Revoltarmy of, seeBritish armyand Balfour Declaration, 261, 269n, 272, 280, 306, 329, 352, 399, 453class distinctions in, 443, 493, 535, 536, 540, 547, 584colonial system of, 48, 686, 697, 698the Establishment in, 182events leading to World War I, 13, 242Feisal’s visits to, 462–68, 464, 486–87, 511, 610French rivalry with, 48, 270, 275, 453, 456, 460–61, 474German rivalry in archaeology with, 184and gold standard, 619and the “great game,” 631–32honors and awards to Lawrence from, 112–13, 373, 383, 384, 447–50, 486, 516, 518Intelligence Department, Cairo, 252–55, 257, 258, 273, 284, 291libel law in, 592, 598, 600MI7 in, 444and negotiated peace, 303–6, 398–99and Palestine Exploration Fund, 63, 83, 232–41, 246and Paris Peace Conference, 439–40, 453, 456–59, 462, 469, 475–76, 510promises broken by, 14, 92, 378, 398, 401, 436–37, 444, 450, 452–53, 462, 506, 564, 697promises made by, 261, 266, 268–69, 377, 465, 486Schneider Trophy Cup won by, 649spies for, 183, 221and Suez Canal, 234, 256, 267, 282, 285, 510, 515and Sykes-Picot agreement, seeSykes-Picot agreementBritish army:allies in World War I, 10, 242, 252, 304, 305Arab army supported by, 70CIGS (chief of imperial general staГ), 45, 48–49, 112, 361Desert Mounted Corps, 429at Gallipoli, 4, 263–64, 269, 277, 282, 285, 290, 295Imperial Camel Brigade, 381, 395–96, 402, 403, 404, 408, 598RAF compared with, 579–80, 602Royal Tank Corps, 576–81, 589Sandhurst training of, 235–36Turkish army underestimated by, 4and World War I, 45, 245, 277, 304, 381XX Corps, 380British Army Service Corps, 70British Expeditionary Force (BEF), 105, 304, 381British Museum, 184, 185, 186, 191, 197, 199, 209, 210, 222, 223British Museum Library, 565, 618British Power Boats factory, 653Brooke, Rupert, 200, 265Brough, George, 609, 612, 613Brough motorcycles, 574, 581, 590, 595, 608, 609–10, 609, 612–13, 640, 643–44, 659, 678Bruce, John “Jock,” 581–83, 585–88, 602, 657, 686Brydon, William, 632Buchan, John: Greenmantle, 26, 623, 625Lawrence’s correspondence with, 602, 626, 656Lawrence’s friendship with, 589on Lawrence’s writing, 620, 623Bunsen, Sir Maurice de, 270Bunyan, John, 630Burma, in World War II, 29Burmester, Rudolf, 108Burns, Ken, 694Burroughs, William, 344Burton, Isabel, 327Burton, Percy, 479, 481Burton, Sir Richard, 94, 321, 327Buswari Agha, 229, 240Butler, Lady, 632Buxton, Robert “Robin,” 403, 404, 598, 602

Cairo:Arab Bureau in, 7, 109, 273, 284, 477British in World War I in, 252–62, 265–70, 282–86, 382Churchill’s meeting in, 513, 514, 516–17Intelligence Department in, 252–55, 257, 258, 273, 284, 291Survey Department in, 258Callwell, C. E., Small Wars, 57, 58Campbell, Joseph, 176, 178 ’e Hero with a Thousand Faces, 141Canterbury, archbishop of, 654Capa, Robert, 558Cape, Jonathan, seeJonathan Cape, publishing houseCarchemish [Iraq], 144, 184–201, 382British interest in, 184–86, 199, 201, 204–5, 215, 221, 222, 240Dahoum in, 196, 197, 212, 214, 224, 228, 646Hittite ruins in, 184–85, 193, 196, 199, 204, 210, 216, 224, 240Kurds in, 219–22, 226, 240Lawrence’s archaeological work in, 191–96, 206–10, 214, 223–31, 239–41Will’s visit to, 225, 228–30Carden, Admiral, 263Carnegie, Dale, 479nCarson (A.S.C. soldier), 362–63Carson, Sir Edward, 271Carter, Howard, 203nCarter, Maurice, 140nCarton de Wiart, Sir Adrian, 235–36Casement, Sir Roger, 654–55Castro, Fidel, 29–30Catchpole, Corporal, 678Catherine the Great, 270nCecil, Lord Robert, 440, 443, 445, 446, 450, 456, 461Cecil, William, 443Chaignon family, 131Chamberlain, Sir Austen, 650Chamberlain, Neville, 675nChapman, Benjamin, 119, 121, 122Chapman, Caroline, 530Chapman, Edith Sarah Hamilton, Lady:daughters of, 121, 122, 128and her husband, 126, 127religious zeal of, 122–23, 132Chapman, Francis Vansittart, 116Chapman, Sir Montagu, 116Chapman, Sir Thomas Robert Tighe, seeLawrence, ThomasChapman, William, 119, 122Chase, Harry, 353, 354, 356, 361, 383–88, 480, 492Chauvel, Sir Henry, 429, 432, 433, 434Chetwode, Sir Philip, 380, 576–78, 597Christie, Agatha, Murder in Mesopotamia, 202Churchill, Lord Randolph (Winston’s father), 451Churchill, Randolph (Winston’s son), 135Churchill, Winston, 135, 140n, 172, 509–21, 650, 687and Baldwin, 674–75books written by, 248, 621and films, 481, 690n, 691and Gallipoli, 4, 263–64and Lady Astor, 644Lawrence as Middle East adviser to, 510–13, 515–16, 520, 521, 524–30, 533, 539, 540, 625, 626, 671, 684, 689and Lawrence’s death, 679, 680Lawrence’s meetings with, 321, 451–52and Lawrence’s RAF enlistment, 540–41, 542, 608Lawrence’s requests for help from, 618, 673and Lloyd George, 509–11Marlborough biography by, 669and Middle East Department, 510–21, 526personal traits of, 271, 303speeches by, 653–54Turkish ships requisitioned by, 248and World War I, 244, 245, 246, 262, 263–64and World War II, 654Circassians, 93, 342Clausewitz, Carl von, 371Clayton, Gilbert, 274, 277as Arab Bureau chief, 12, 48–49, 273and Balfour Declaration, 399in Cairo, 252, 253, 257, 259, 284in Jerusalem, 356and Lawrence’s mental anguish, 378, 400Lawrence’s reports to, 15, 49, 56–57, 82, 90, 109, 281, 355, 361–62, 513as military adviser to Churchill, 512and military strategy, 297, 298and peace negotiations, 399and Sykes-Picot Agreement, 277, 280, 306, 361and Thomas’s film, 387Clemenceau, Georges, 210, 454, 459–62, 474–75, 476, 507Clouds Hill, Moreton, Lawrence’s cottage at, 581, 587, 594, 595, 666, 672, 673–74Clough, Arthur Hugh, “Say Not the Struggle Naught Availeth,” 340, 653–54Cobbold, Lady Evelyn, 238–39, 255Cockerell, Sydney, 540, 597Cody, BuГalo Bill, 480Collins, Michael, 576Colonial Office:ibn Saud supported by, 88Middle Eastern Department of, 510–21, 526Columbia Pictures, 691, 692–93, 694Conan Doyle, Sir Arthur, 654Congo Free State, atrocities in, 654Conrad, Joseph, 554, 612 Heart of Darkness, 654Constable, publishers, 566, 567, 573Constantinople:British archaeological interests in, 185, 215Lawrence’s travel in, 186–87Russian ambitions toward, 12, 270n, 280Cooper, Collin, 649Council of Ten, 473–74Coward, Noлl, 495n, 656Cox, Sir Percy Z., 259, 286, 288–89, 517, 523Crane, C. R., 484Cromwell, Oliver, 119Crusades, and French claims in Middle East, 256, 275, 474Curtis, Lionel:and All Souls, 533, 579, 587nLawrence’s correspondence with, 143, 579, 580, 590, 626, 656Lawrence’s friendship with, 472, 508, 589and Lawrence’s funeral, 679Lawrence’s Middle East views supported by, 506and Lawrence’s military service, 579, 580, 608Curtis Brown, literary agency, 565, 567Curzon, George Nathaniel, 1st Baron:and British entry into Jerusalem, 352and Eastern Committee meetings, 445–47, 456, 461and Feisal, 456, 487, 506and Lawrence’s Middle East travels, 167–68and postwar Middle East diplomacy, 506, 507, 509, 512, 524, 525, 526, 528, 533and Thomas’s biography of Lawrence, 525

Daher (guide), 348Dahoum (friend), 213at Carchemish, 196, 197, 212, 214, 224, 228, 646journey to Aqaba, 237, 238in later years, 393–94Lawrence’s friendship with, 210–14, 262and Lawrence’s illness, 198, 226Lawrence’s plans for improvement of, 197, 198, 216personal traits of, 196, 223 Seven Pillarsdedication to, 498–99travels with Lawrence, 210, 215, 226–27, 228in Turkish prison, 221, 349 Daily Express, The(London), 505, 507, 564, 566, 568–69, 571, 630, 672 Daily Mail, The(London), 505, 566, 571, 572 Daily News, The(London), 634, 640 Daily Telegraph(London), 493, 617Damascus:Allenby’s arrival in, 435–37Arabs in disarray in, 430–35, 440Arab takeover of, 427, 429–30, 452journey to, 428–30Lawrence’s departure from, 437Lawrence’s entry into, 429–30, 431as military goal, 89, 90, 112, 262, 281–82, 297, 309, 325, 366, 396, 407, 413, 414, 425opponents of Hussein in, 40as potential capital of “Greater Syria,” 41, 307, 413, 467race to, 41, 64, 67, 83, 357, 359, 400, 405–6, 407, 413, 414, 417, 428railway line to, 21, 24, 49, 293Danchev, Alex, 664Daud (servant), 85, 327, 330, 388–90, 393Dawnay, Alan:as Allenby’s chief of staГ, 322–23, 382, 383at Guweira, 374, 375and Hejaz Operations StaГ, 374, 375and Imperial Camel Brigade, 402, 404and Lawrence in Royal Tank Corps, 576, 577Lawrence’s correspondence with, 467Lawrence’s friendship with, 236, 323, 576and Lawrence’s funeral, 679and military strategy, 381, 394–95, 401, 402and Seven Pillars, 496, 598Dawnay, Guy, 323, 374Dawson, GeoГrey, 484, 486Day Lewis, Cecil, 656Deraa, 341–51, 418Arab army in, 425–27eГects on Lawrence of attack in, 348, 349–51, 358, 397, 538, 601–2Lawrence’s capture and assault at, 342–51, 355, 400, 470, 471, 497, 588, 612, 695as military goal, 325, 347, 381, 402, 406, 414 Derbyshire, 618, 619–21Desert Mounted Corps, 429Dexter, Flight Lieutenant, 544–46Diana, Princess of Wales, 568, 636–37, 677Dickens, Charles, 117Diocletian, Emperor, 334Disraeli, Benjamin, 234Dixon, Corporal, 581, 589, 602, 608Dodd, Francis, 196, 227Doran, George H., 592, 614, 615, 617nDoubleday, Frank N., 501, 504, 565, 592, 657Doughty, Charles M., 94, 190, 622 Arabia Deserta, 166–67, 208, 495, 506, 508, 557and Hogarth, 177, 182Lawrence’s regard for, 590Douglas-Home, Sir Alec, 118nDowson, Sir Ernest, 258, 302Driver, Corporal, 362–63Dulles, John Foster, 454nDuncan, David Douglas, 558

Edward VII, king of England, 451Edward VIII, king of England, 140n, 449–50, 603Egypt:“British Force” in, 282, 285British rule in, 259, 266Exodus from, 239impoverishment of, 698independence of, 515intelligence activities in, 273, 284political unrest in, 506and Suez Canal, 234and United Arab Republic, 697 see alsoCairoEgyptian Camel Corps, 407Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF):Allenby appointed commander of, 105, 318and Aqaba, 104at Basra, 5in Cairo, 11, 12, 45, 273, 291formation of, 285at Gaza, 4, 104–5Egyptian Government Printing Press, 258Egyptian Survey, 302Eisenstein, Sergey, 62Elgar, Sir Edward, 656Eliot, T. S., 613Elizabeth I, queen of England, 443El Jefer, 92, 95, 403Ellington, Sir Edward, 660Ellis, Sir Hugh, 577El Mezraa, 374 Empire News, The, 634 Encyclopaedia Brittanica, 664Enver Pasha, 54–55, 287, 289, 449

Fakhri Pasha (Hamid Fakhri Bey):Arab strategies against, 41, 60, 63and Armenian genocide, 37Beni Ali village destroyed by, 37at Medina, 66–67, 70at Tafileh, 365, 367, 370Falkenhayn, Erich von, 311, 354Fareedeh el Akle, 187–88, 198, 498Farraj (servant), 85, 327, 330, 388–90, 392–94, 615Fascists, 667, 675Fattuh (servant), 194, 195Fawcett, Percy, 538Feisal, emir (son of Hussein):and Arab army, 15, 18, 20, 21, 30, 31, 35, 41, 49, 52–53, 55, 58, 63, 64, 111and Balfour Declaration, 306, 399, 697bond of Lawrence and, 33, 34, 80, 375, 382, 393, 398, 400, 405, 448, 472and broken British promises, 462, 465, 564in Damascus, 431, 432–33, 435–37discussions with Weizmann, 399–400, 463, 465–68, 476early years of, 34Europeans distrusted by, 34, 82, 436–37, 450exile in Egypt, 505–6film depiction of, 693vs. French in Syria, 463, 505, 511“Greater Syria” sought by, 41, 42n, 442, 451and groundwork for Arab Revolt, 266, 267in house arrest, 259and Imperial Camel Brigade, 396and Iraqi throne, 277n, 405, 449, 455, 515, 516–18, 519, 523–24Lawrence as liaison to, 49–50, 68, 299, 300, 395, 405, 476, 485, 513–14Lawrence’s eГorts on behalf of, 443, 444, 451, 455–58, 464, 472, 473, 475, 478, 484, 494, 506, 625, 640Lawrence’s first meeting with, 16, 32–38, 48leadership traits of, 37–38, 54, 55, 62, 68, 69, 76, 532and military strategy, 37, 66, 81, 100, 266, 282, 298–300, 306, 307, 309, 311, 374, 390, 394, 415move to Wejh, 60–61, 68, 69and outbreak of Arab Revolt, 292at Paris Peace Conference, 439–40, 452, 453, 455–59, 456, 459, 461, 468, 469, 472, 473–77physical appearance and personality of, 32, 33–35, 62, 81portraits of, 504a price on his head, 465and proposal of amnesty, 360–61, 398–99, 400slaves of, 313supporters of, 82, 91, 325, 340, 357, 391, 429, 483and Sykes-Picot agreement, 39, 40, 81, 82, 281, 306, 328, 360, 361, 436–37and Syrian uprising, 413–14and Thomas films, 386, 387and tribal rivalries, 404–5visits to Britain, 462–68, 464, 486–87, 511, 610visit to France, 455–59, 461at Wadi Yenbo, 52–59Weizmann-Feisal agreement, 465–68Fiennes, Ralph, 694Findlay, Charles, 560–61, 569–70, 571, 575Finney, Albert, 693Flecker, Hellй, 199, 216Flecker, James Elroy, 153, 181, 199–201, 201, 216, 583Foch, Marshal Ferdinand, 96, 98, 449Fontana, Winifred, 208Ford, Ford Maddox, 555Foreign Office:Hussein supported by, 483, 506involvement in Arab Revolt, 11, 49, 88Lawrence’s duties with, 7, 457, 485and Lawrence’s letters to the Times, 486and postwar territorial claims, 455, 457, 462Forster, E. M., 349, 589, 591, 601, 640 Four Feathers, The(film), 692Fourth Australian Light Horse Brigade, 333–34France:ambitions for Middle East, 38–40, 42n, 47, 48, 49, 60, 67, 70, 81–82, 90, 92, 112, 183, 253, 256, 259, 262, 266, 270, 272, 275–76, 278, 303, 306, 353, 356, 398, 436, 454, 455, 460, 486, 504–5, 697British Expeditionary Forces in, 105British rivalry with, 48, 270, 275, 453, 456, 460–61, 474colonial system of, 48, 272, 275, 442, 697, 698distrust of, 34, 48Feisal in, 455–59, 461honors and awards to Lawrence from, 67, 286, 353, 457–58Lawrence’s distaste for presence of, 47, 48, 67, 255, 400, 451and Paris Peace Conference, 439–40, 453, 456–59, 460, 469, 473–78rule of law (Code Napolйon) in, 48, 56and Suez Canal, 234, 279and Sykes-Picot agreement, 38–40, 67, 275–76, 278–79, 281, 413, 436–37, 451, 455, 458–59, 507, 512and World War I, 10, 45, 242, 275, 277, 304, 381, 460Frankfurter, Felix, 476Frederick the Great, 406French army:mutinies in, 460North African troops, 67Freud, Sigmund, 29, 115, 580Fromkin, David, A Peace to End All Peace, 277