Текст книги "Мозг онлайн. Человек в эпоху Интернета"
Автор книги: Гэри Смолл
Соавторы: Гиги Ворган
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Текущая страница: 14 (всего у книги 15 страниц)
Технология «чтения мыслей» на основе ритмичных ультразвуковых сигналов, которые позволяют слать информацию напрямую в мозг, только разрабатывается. Ученый из Пентагона Сту Вольф убежден, что в следующем десятилетии все мы начнем носить на голове компьютеризированные ободки для «сетевой телепатии»: они позволят нам обмениваться мыслями с другими обладателями такого же гаджета. Сигналы из мозга будут уходить прямо в Интернет.
В других экспериментах нейрофизиологи совершенствуют методы, которые позволяют стимулировать мозг и изучать его активность. Пока ученые вынуждены работать с относительно крупными участками коры и с масштабными нейронными сетями. Даже самые миниатюрные электроды стимулируют большие группы клеток: один-единственный электрический разряд воздействует на миллионы нейронов одновременно.
В недалеком будущем мы получим возможность наблюдать и стимулировать активность отдельных клеток мозга. У ученых уже имеется методика, основанная на светочувствительном белке, который реагирует на лазерные импульсы длительностью в считаные миллисекунды – примерно столько времени требуется нейронам, чтобы обменяться сигналами друг с другом. Эта методика позволит управлять отдельными нейронами при помощи лазера. Чтобы, к примеру, избавиться от нежелательных эффектов старения мозга, достаточно будет включить и выключить лазерную установку. И, разумеется, в будущем мы получим возможность исправлять наши нейронные сети и проверять их работоспособность при помощи пульта дистанционного управления.
Быстродействие компьютеров вырастет, кибермозговая техника станет частью нашей жизни. Вероятно, проблему «мозговой пропасти» между поколениями отодвинет на второй план «пропасть» между человеческим мозгом и компьютером, на тему которой фантасты рассуждают уже не первый год. И очень может быть, что ради забавы и из научного любопытства будущие поколения, носители мозга будущего, станут моделировать в виртуальной реальности своих предков – то есть нас.
Поезд новых технологий несется вперед, и все мы, рано или поздно, получим на него билет. Новые технологии способны не только повысить эффективность нашей работы, но и упростить нашу жизнь. В конце концов, они доставляют нам удовольствие. Полезно вовремя разглядеть все западни и подводные камни, которые могут нам встретиться, и научиться с ними управляться. Это и хай-тек-зависимость, и одержимость компьютерными играми, и чрезмерная многозадачность. «Цифровым от рождения» и «цифровым иммигрантам» стоит объединить свои усилия – теперь это насущная необходимость. Только когда мы перебросим мост через «мозговую пропасть», научимся общаться и сотрудничать, невзирая на разницу в возрасте, – только тогда мы будем готовы встретить во всеоружии любые неожиданности, которые встретятся на пути. В результате мы не только переживем изменение мозга под натиском технологий, но и благодаря этому станем лучше, совершеннее во всех смыслах.
Библиография
Глава 1. Ваш мозг эволюционирует прямо сейчас
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Глава 5. Хай-тек культура в обществе, политике и экономике
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157. Arrington M.Yahoo top searches 2007: Please, people, stop typing Britney Spears into search boxes. TechCrunch. December 3, 2007. www.techcrunch.com/2007/12/03/yahoo-top-searches-2007-please-people-stop-typing-britney-spears-into-search-boxes/
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160. Know N.Home shoppers do their hunting online. USA Today. February 9, 2007
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162. Lohr S.Study says computers give big boosts to productivity. The New York Times. March 13, 2007.
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164. Naik G.Faltering family MDs get technology lifeline. The Wall Street Journal. February 26, 2007.
165. Duhigg C.Hospital clients nurture firm's scheduling software. Los Angeles Times. June 21, 2006.
