Текст книги "Implosion. The end of Russia and what it means for America"

Автор книги: Ilan Berman

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Текущая страница: 10 (всего у книги 14 страниц)

24.Thomas Grove, “Church Should Have More Control over Russian Life: Putin,” Reuters, February 1, 2013, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/01/us-russia-putin-church-idUSBRE91016F20130201.

25.Sophia Kishkovsky, “Russian Orthodox Church Asserts Role in Civil Society,” New York Times, December 18, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/19/world/europe/19iht-educLede19.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0.

26.As cited in “Know Thy Enemy: ‘Church-Haters’ Blacklisted,” Russia Today, April 25, 2012, http://rt.com/politics/church-enemies-christianity-list-936/.

27.Laura Smith-Spark, “Russian Court Imprisons Pussy Riot Band Members on Hooliganism Charges,” CNN, August 18, 2012, http://www.cnn.com/2012/08/17/world/europe/russia-pussy-riot-trial.

28.As cited in “Know Thy Enemy: ‘Church-Haters’ Blacklisted,” Russia Today, April 25, 2012, http://rt.com/politics/church-enemies-christianity-list-936/.

29.Eric Hoffer, The True Believer: Thoughts on the Nature Of Mass Movements(New York: Harper Perennial Modern Classics, 2002), 17.

30.Janusz Bugajski, Dismantling the West: Russia’s Atlantic Agenda(Washington, D.C.: Potomac Books, 2009), 121.

31.Stephen Blank, “Russia’s Energy Weapon and European Security,” paper presented to the conference on “NATO One Year after Georgia: National Perspectives,” Washington, D.C., October 8, 2009, http://www.acus.org/files/StephenBlank-RussiaEnergy.pdf.

32.Jeff M. Smith, “The Great Game, Round Three,” Journal of International Security Affairs, no. 17 (Fall 2009): http://www.securityaffairs.org/issues/2009/17/smith.php.

33.U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, “Country Analysis Brief: Russia,” September 18, 2012, http://www.eia.gov/countries/analysisbriefs/Russia/russia.pdf.

34.Smith, “The Great Game, Round Three,” Journal of International Security Affairsno. 17 (Fall 2009): http://www.securityaffairs.org/issues/2009/17/smith.php.

35.Author’s interviews, Moscow, Russia, March 2013.

36.“U.S. Could Surpass Saudi Output by 2020,” Associated Press, October 23, 2012, http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2012/10/23/us-top-oil-producer/1652937/.

37.Between mid-2003 and mid-2004, investment experienced a dramatic reversal, changing from a net inflow of some $4.6 billion to capital flight of over $5 billion. See Carola Hoyos and Arkady Ostrovsky, “Russia Fears Dollars 13bn Capital Flight After Yukos,” Financial Times(London), November 8, 2003; “$5.5Bln Left Russia in First Half of Year,” Moscow Times, July 5, 2004.

38.“Russia Unable to Increase Oil Production Quickly—Gref,” Interfax, June 17, 2004.

39.Author’s conversations, Moscow, Russia, March 2013.

40.Gleb Bryanski, “Russia to get Stronger Nuclear Navy, Putin Says,” Reuters, July 30, 2012, http://uk.reuters.com/article/2012/07/30/uk-russia-putin-navy-idUKBRE86T1D020120730.

41.“Medvedev: Arctic Resources are Key to Russia’s Future,” Seattle Times, September 18, 2008, http://seattletimes.com/html/nationworld/2008187217_russia18.html.

42.William J. Broad, “Russia’s Claim under Polar Ice Irks American,” New York Times, February 19, 2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/19/world/europe/19arctic.html?adxnnl=1&adxnnlx=1311810481-IXSrMDBjzhfGopGmYcf6tw.

43.Translated and republished in English as “DOCUMENT: Russia’s New Arctic Strategy,” Journal of International Security Affairs, no. 18 (Spring 2010): http://www.securityaffairs.org/issues/2010/18/russia%27s_new_arctic_strategy.pdf.

44.Ibid.

45.“Russia Plans Arctic Army Brigades,” BBC, July 1, 2011, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-13997324.

46.Gleb Bryanski, “Russia to get Stronger Nuclear Navy, Putin Says,” Reuters, July 30, 2012, http://uk.reuters.com/article/2012/07/30/uk-russia-putin-navy-idUKBRE86T1D020120730.

47.“Russian Navy Warplanes Start Arctic Patrols,” RIA-Novosti, February 14, 2013, http://en.rian.ru/military_news/20130214/179466119.html.

48.Ibid.

49.Paul Arthur Berkman, “Preventing an Arctic Cold War,” New York Times, March 12, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/13/opinion/preventing-an-arctic-cold-war.html?_r=0.

CHAPTER SEVEN

1.Sophie Lambroschini, “Russia: Putin Tells OIC That Muslims Are ‘Inseparable’ Part of a Multiethnic Nation,” Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, October 16, 2003, http://www.rferl.org/content/article/1104687.html.

2.Ibid.

3.Rinat Mukhametov, “Russian Muslims and Foreign Policy,” Russia in Global Affairs, October 7, 2012, http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/number/Russian-Muslims-and-Foreign-Policy-15687.

4.Ariel Cohen, “The Primakov Doctrine; Russia’s Zero-Sum Game with the United States,” Heritage Foundation, FYI, no. 167 (December 15, 1997).

5.For a comprehensive overview, see Ilan Berman, “Russia and the Mideast Vacuum,” Institute for Advanced Strategic & Political Studies, Research Papers in Strategy, no. 12 (June 2001): http://www.israeleconomy.org/strategic/strat12.pdf.

6.Interview with Foreign Minister Yevgeny Primakov, Rossiyskaya Gazeta (Moscow), December 17, 1996.

7.“Russia supports Arafat’s Attending Arab Summit,” Xinhua, March 25, 2002, http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2002-03/25/content_330926.htm.

8.“Russia, EU Urge Direct Israel-Palestinian Talks,” RIA Novosti, December 22, 2012, http://en.rian.ru/russia/20121222/178327927.html.

9.Ekaterina Grigorieva and Mikhail Vinogradov, “Liderov HAMAS zhdut v Moskve [HAMAS leaders are being awaited in Moscow],” Izvestia, February 10, 2006, http://izvestia.ru/news/311067.

10.“Talks with Hamas spoil Russia’s image,” BBC World Monitoring, March 3, 2006.

11.Carrie Satterlee, “Facts on Who Benefits from Keeping Saddam Hussein in Power,” Heritage Foundation, WebMemo, 217 (February 28, 2003): http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2003/02/facts-on-who-benefits-from-keeping-saddam-hussein-in-power#_ftn25.

12.Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), “Arms Transfers to Iraq, 1981–2001,” http://projects.sipri.se/armstrade/IRQ_IMPORTS_1982-2001.pdf.

13.“Baghdad Shocker bares Russia-Saddam tie,” Fox News, April 14, 2003, http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,84102,00.html.

14.As cited in Mark Katz, “Russia and Iran: Who Is Strong-Arming Whom?” Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Newsline8, no. 131 (2004).

15.Ivan Matveychuk, “Moscow-Teheran: Concurrence of Interests: The Iranian Factor and Russo-American Relations,” Voyenno-Promyshlennyy Kuryer(Moscow), February 25, 2004.

16.Sergei Sokut, “Rossiyskiy Otvet Amerike [Russia’s Answer to America],” Nezavisimoye Voyennoye Obozreniye(Moscow), October 5, 2001, http://nvo.ng.ru/wars/2001-10-05/1_answer.html.

17.See, for example, Kokoshin’s comments on Ekho Moskvy(Moscow), June 3, 2003; see also Alexei Arbatov and Andrei Piontkovski, “What Does Ahmadinejad Have in Common with Gavrilo Princip: Solving the Iranian Puzzle,” PIR Center Security Index13, no. 1, http://pircenter.org/data/ib/Arbatoveng.pdf.

18.“Russian Expert says Iran can make Nuclear Weapons,” Reuters, April 2, 2007, http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSL0241192520070402.

19.Author’s conversations, Moscow, Russia, March 2013.

20.Ibid.

21.See, for example, “Expert Sees Threat to Russia from Nuclear Iran,” Rossiyskaya Gazeta(Moscow), August 11, 2005.

22.These countries are: Iran itself; the six countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (Saudi Arabia, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates); Yemen; Egypt; Tunisia; Algeria; Morocco; Jordan; and Turkey. See Nuclear Programmes in the Middle East: In the Shadow of Iran(London: International Institute for Strategic Studies, 2008).

23.See “Algeria Trades Gas for Russian Nuclear Energy,” World Tribune, January 24, 2007, http://www.worldtribune.com/worldtribune/07/front2454125.1611111113.html; see also “Jordan Negotiations Construction of Nuclear Plant,” Yediot Ahronot(Tel Aviv), February 10, 2010, http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3847013,00.html.

24.“Report: Arms Sales to Middle East Up 38 Percent,” Voice of America, April 27, 2009, http://www1.voanews.com/english/news/a-13-2009-04-27-voa26-68814102.html.

25.See, for example, “Russia Seeks Mideast Arms Sales Boost,” UPI, September 15, 2009, http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2009/09/15/Russia-seeks-Mideast-arms-sales-boost/UPI-89011253044464/.

26.North Atlantic Treaty Organization, “Istanbul Summit Communiqué,” Istanbul, June 28, 2004, http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/2004/p04-096e.htm.

27.Talal Nizameddin, Russia and the Middle East: Towards a New Foreign Policy(New York: St. Martin’s, 1999), 160.

28.Christopher Harmer, “Backgrounder: Russian Naval Base Tartus,” Institute for the Study of War, July 31, 2012, http://www.understandingwar.org/sites/default/files/Backgrounder_Russian_NavalBaseTartus.pdf.

29.Nizameddin, Russia and the Middle East, 269.

30.Foreign Minister Andrei Kozyrev, as cited in Nizameddin, Russia and the Middle East, 163.

31.Dmitri Trenin, “Why Russia Supports Assad,” New York Times, September 18, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/10/opinion/why-russia-supports-assad.html.

32.Lyudmila Alexandrova, “Russia Writes off Africa’s Debts,” Itar-TASS, October 18, 2012, http://www.itar-tass.com/en/c39/549344.html.

33.“Syrian Opposition Blames Russia for Suffering,” CBS News, July 11, 2012, http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-202_162-57470245/syrian-opposition-blames-russia-for-suffering/.

34.Joe Lauria, “Russia, China Veto Syria Resolution at U.N.,” Wall Street Journal, July 19, 2012, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444097904577536793560681930.html.

35.Author’s conversations, Moscow, Russia, March 2013.

36.Mark N. Katz, “Russia and the Arab Spring,” Middle East Institute, April 3, 2012, http://www.mei.edu/content/russia-and-arab-spring.

37.Ibid.

38.Vladislav Senkovich, “Russia and Libya: What Awaits Us in the Foreseeable Future?” Russian International Affairs Council, February 14, 2012, http://russiancouncil.ru/en/inner/?id_4=148.

39.Ibid.

40.“Russia Sells Record $15.2 Billion of Arms in 2012,” RIA Novosti, January 21, 2013, http://en.rian.ru/russia/20130121/178925765.html.

41.Author’s conversations, Moscow, Russia, March 2013.

42.Ibid.

43.“Spiritual Sunni Leader Calls Russia ‘Enemy Number One,’” Golos Rossii[Voice of Russia Radio], October 18, 2012, http://english.ruvr.ru/2012_10_18/Spiritual-Sunni-leader-calls-Russia-enemy-number-one/.

CHAPTER EIGHT

1.U.S. Department of Defense, Office of the Secretary of Defense, Sustaining U.S. Global Leadership: Priorities for 21 ^stCentury Defense, January 2012, www.defense.gov/news/Defense_Strategic_Guidance.pdf.

2.See, for example, Ilan Berman, “Assessing Iran’s Asia Pivot,” STRATAGEM8, no. 1 (January 2013).

3.V. A. Nikonov et al., “Tihookeanskaya Strategia Rossiyii [Russia’s Pacific Strategy],” Russian National Committee Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific, July 2010, http://www.russkiymir.ru/export/sites/default/russkiymir/ru/events/advertisement/docs/Nikonov_080710.pdf.

4.“Toward the Great Ocean, or the New Globalization of Russia,” Valdai Discussion Club Analytical Report, July 2012, 12, http://vid-1.rian.ru/ig/valdai/Toward_great_ocean_eng_short.pdf.

5.Dmitri Trenin, “The End of the EU-Russian Relationship as You Know It,” Valdai Discussion Club, January 8, 2013, http://valdaiclub.com/europe/53400.html.

6.Author’s conversations, Moscow, Russia, March 2013.

7.“Disagreement on Missile Defense may Tell on Russia-NATO Cooperation in Other Areas—Ambassador,” Golos Rosii[Voice of Russia Radio], February 9, 2013, http://english.ruvr.ru/2013_02_09/Disagreement-on-missile-defencemay-tell-on-Russia-NATO-cooperation-in-other-areas-Ambassador/.

8.See, for example, “Moscow Unimpressed by Changes to US Missile Defense Plans,” RIA-Novosti, March 18, 2013, http://en.ria.ru/world/20130318/180087109.html.

9.See, for example, Finn Maigaard, “A New Direction for EU-Russia Relations?” Foreign Policy Association, February 8, 2012, http://foreignpolicyblogs.com/2012/02/08/direction-eu-russian-relations/.

10.“Toward the Great Ocean, or the New Globalization of Russia,” Valdai Discussion Club Analytical Report, July 2012, 23, http://vid-1.rian.ru/ig/valdai/Toward_great_ocean_eng_short.pdf.

11.Ibid., 26.

12.Sergei Karaganov, “Russia’s Asia Strategy,” Russia in Global Affairs, July 2, 2011, http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/pubcol/Russias-Asian-Strategy-15254.

13.Author’s conversations, Moscow, Russia, March 12, 2013.

14.John K. Yi, “Russia and South Korea: Much Ado about Something,” International Policy Digest, October 26, 2011, http://www.internationalpolicydigest.org/2011/10/26/russia-and-south-korea-much-ado-about-something/.

15.David Herszenhorn, “Russia and Japan in Agreement on Natural Gas Deal,” New York Times, September 8, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/09/world/europe/russia-and-japan-move-forward-on-natural-gas-deal.html?_r=0.

16.“Myanmar’s Nuclear Ambitions: Secrets Will Out,” Economist, June 10, 2010, http://www.economist.com/node/16321694.

17.Timofei Bordachev and Oleg Barabanov, “Siberia and the Far East as a Path to Russian Modernization,” Valdai Discussion Club, January 23, 2013, http://valdaiclub.com/economy/53980.html.

18.Vladimir Petrovsky, “Russia and ASEAN: 15 Years as Dialogue Partners,” Valdai Discussion Club, July 20, 2011, http://valdaiclub.com/asia/28620.html.

19.Speech by Deputy Prime Minister Sergei Ivanov to the IISS Shangri-la Conference, Singapore, June 2011, www.iiss.org/conferences/the-shangri-ladialogue/shangri-la-dialogue-2011/speeches/sixth-plenary-session/sergei-ivanov/.

20.Dmitry Gorenberg, “The Southern Kuril Islands Dispute,” PONARS Eurasia Policy Memo, no. 226 (September 2012): http://www.gwu.edu/~ieresgwu/assets/docs/ponars/pepm_226_Gorenburg_Sept2012.pdf; see also, “INFOGRAPHIC: History of the Kuril Islands Dispute,” RIA-Novosti, 2012, http://en.rian.ru/infographics/20120907/175820440.html.

21.Ibid.

22.“Russia’s Kuril Islands to Become Investment Heaven,” Golos Rosii[Voice of Russia Radio], May 12, 2012, http://english.ruvr.ru/2012_05_12/74537891/.

23.“China, Russia Call for Efforts in Asia-Pacific Security,” Xinhua (Beijing), September 28, 2010, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2010-09/28/content_11361116.htm.

24.Stephen Blank, “A (Multi) Polar Bear? Russia’s Bid for Influence in Asia,” Global Asia, June 2012, http://www.globalasia.org/V7N2_Summer_2012/Stephen_Blank.html.

25.“Russia-China Oil Pipeline Opens,” BBC, January 1, 2011, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-12103865; “China-Russia Oil Pipeline Records 30 Million Tonnes in Delivery,” Xinhua, January 2, 2013, http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/753302.shtml.

26.“China Wants All Oil from Russia’s ESPO Pipeline,” RIA Novosti, February 2012, http://en.rian.ru/business/20120215/171326659.html.

27.Blank, “A (Multi) Polar Bear? Russia’s Bid for Influence in Asia,” Global Asia, June 2012, http://www.globalasia.org/V7N2_Summer_2012/Stephen_Blank.html.

28.Author’s conversations, Moscow, Russia, March 2013.

CHAPTER NINE

1.“Former Finance Minister Alexei Kudrin: ‘We Have to Take a Chance with More Democracy,’” Der Spiegel(Hamburg), January 23, 2013, http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/interview-with-putin-ally-alexei-kudrin-on-democracy-in-russia-a-878873.html.

2.Alexandr Dugin, Osnovi Geopolitiki: Geopoliticheskoyo Budushiye Rossii[The Foundations of Geopolitics: Russia’s Geopolitical Future] (Moscow: Arctogia Centr, 1999).

3.As cited in Charles Clover, “Will the Russian Bear Roar Again?” Financial Times, December 2, 2000.

4.Dugin, Osnovi Geopolitiki: Geopoliticheskoyo Budushiye Rossii[The Foundations of Geopolitics: Russia’s Geopolitical Future] (Moscow: Arctogia Centr, 1999), 190.

5.Clover, “Will the Russian Bear Roar Again?” Financial Times, December 2, 2000.

6.As cited in “USSR Reborn,” Daily Mail(London), October 5, 2011.

7.Dugin, Osnovi Geopolitiki: Geopoliticheskoyo Budushiye Rossii[The Foundations of Geopolitics: Russia’s Geopolitical Future] (Moscow: Arctogia Centr, 1999), 9.

8.As cited in Herman Pirchner Jr., Reviving Greater Russia: The Future of Russia’s Borders with Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Belarus and Ukraine(Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2005), 3.

9.Military-Industrial Commission of the Russian Federation, “Biographia [Biography],” http://oborona.gov.ru/pages/315/.

10.“Putin picks Dmitry Rogozin, a leading nationalist, to be NATO envoy,” International Herald Tribune, January 10, 2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/10/world/europe/10iht-russia.4.9135955.html.

11.Military-industrial commission of the Russian Federation, “Main Page,” http://oborona.gov.ru/.

12.Author’s interviews, Moscow, Russia, March 2013.

13.Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, The Russian Question(New York: Farrar, 1995).

14.Ibid.

15.Pirchner, Reviving Greater Russia: The Future of Russia’s Borders with Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Belarus and Ukraine(Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2005), 3.

16.As cited in Igor Torbakov, “Russian Policymakers Air Notion of ‘Liberal Empire’ in Caucasus, Central Asia,” Eurasianet, October 26, 2003, http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/eav102703.shtml.

17.As cited in Vadim Dubnov: “The Russia We Will Never Lose; Fighting Imaginary Separatism Is an Extremely Costly Undertaking,” gazeta.ru, February 10, 2012.

18.“Russians Ponder Unification with Ukraine, Belarus,” Angus Reid Global Monitor, October 5, 2005, http://www.angus-reid.com/polls/15267/russians_ponder_unification_with_ukraine_belarus/.

19.Ibid.

20. On The Admission to the Russian Federation and the Formation Within the Russian Federation of a New Subject, 2001, as translated and reprinted in Pirchner, Reviving Greater Russia: The Future of Russia’s Borders with Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Belarus and Ukraine(Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2005), 3.

21.Ibid.

22.Ibid.

23.Denis Trifonov, “‘Ivanov Doctrine’ Reflects Moscow’s Growing Confidence in the CIS and Beyond,” Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst, November 19, 2003, http://www.cacianalyst.org/?q=node/1657.

24.Then Russian president Boris Yeltsin, as cited in Helena Yakovlev Golani, “Two Decades of the Russian Federation’s Foreign Policy in the Commonwealth of Independent States: The Cases of Belarus and Ukraine,” Hebrew University of Jerusalem European Forum, Working Paper, 2011, 18, http://www.ef.huji.ac.il/publications/Yakovlev%20Golani.pdf.

25.Pirchner, Reviving Greater Russia: The Future of Russia’s Borders with Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Belarus and Ukraine(Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2005).

26.“Russian PM Says Unification with Belarus Possible and Desirable,” VOA News, July 31, 2011, http://www.voanews.com/content/russian-pm-says-unification-with-belarus-possible-and-desirable—126555343/170796.html.

27.Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order(New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996), 164.

28.Pirchner Jr., Reviving Greater Russia: The Future of Russia’s Borders with Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Belarus and Ukraine(Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2005).

29.Paul Quinn-Judge and Yuri Zarakhovich, “The Orange Revolution,” Time, November 28, 2004, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,832225,00.html.

30.Rajan Menon and Alexander J. Motyl, “Counterrevolution in Kiev,” Foreign Affairs, November–December 2011, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/136408/rajan-menon-and-alexander-j-motyl/counterrevolution-in-kiev.

31.“Poll: Ukrainians Support Unification with Russia more than Russians,” Kyiv Post, March 25, 2011, http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/poll-ukrainians-support-unification-with-russia-mo-100860.html.

32.See, for example, Elizabeth Owen, “Georgia: Moving from Revolution to Democratic Institutions,” Eurasianet, November 27, 2005, http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/eav112805.shtml.

33.Charles King, “Clarity in the Caucasus?” Foreign Affairs, October 11, 2009, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/65469/charles-king/clarity-in-the-caucasus.

34.“Q&A: Conflict in Georgia,” BBC, November 11, 2008, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7549736.stm.

35.“Day-by-Day: Georgia-Russia Crisis,” BBC, August 21, 2008, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7551576.stm.

36.“Medvedev submits 2010 military base agreements with S. Ossetia, Abkhazia to Duma for ratification,” Interfax, August 8, 2011.

37.“Report: Russia to Build Naval Base in Rebel Region,” CNN, January 26, 2009, http://articles.cnn.com/2009-01-26/world/russia.abkhazia.naval.base_1_south-ossetia-abkhazia-russian-military-bases?_s=PM:WORLD.

38.Jim Nichol, “Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia: Political Developments and Implications for US Interests,” Congressional Research Service, September 27, 2012, http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/199404.pdf.

39.“Russia Recognizes Georgia’s Breakaway Republics,” RIA-Novosti, August 28, 2008, http://en.rian.ru/russia/20080826/116291407.html.

40.“International Recognition of South Ossetia and Abkhazia,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_recognition_of_Abkhazia_and_South_Ossetia.

41.Olesya Vartanyan and Ellen Barry, “Georgian Sees Closer Ties with Russia,” New York Times, February 5, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/06/world/europe/georgias-ivanishvili-sees-warming-with-russia.html?_r=0.

42.Sergei Fomin, “Derussificatsiya: Nerazreshennie Vopros [De-Russification: An Unanswered Question],” Litiraturnaya Gazeta, no. 44 (November 7, 2012): http://www.lgz.ru/article/20184/.

CHAPTER 10

1.Roman Muzalevsky, “NATO Supply Routes to Afghanistan under Threat,” Jamestown Foundation Eurasia Daily Monitor8, no. 221 (December 6, 2011): http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews[tt_news]=38749.

2.David Satter, “The Russian Stake in Afghanistan,” Foreign Policy Research Institute, E-Notes, March 2013, http://www.fpri.org/articles/2013/03/russian-stake-afghanistan.

3.“Russia Approves Ulyanovsk NATO Hub,” RIA Novosti, June 29, 2012, http://en.ria.ru/russia/20120629/174312840.html.

4.Herman Pirchner Jr., “A False Start with Russia,” Journal of International Security Affairs, no. 23 (Fall/Winter 2012):89.

5.See, for example, Keith B. Payne, “Postscript on New START,” National Review, January 18, 2011, http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/257329/postscript-new-start-keith-b-payne.

6.David M. Herszenhorn, “Progress is Reported in Arms Talks with Russia,” New York Times, March 21, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/22/world/europe/us-and-russia-report-progress-on-arms-talks.html?_r=0.

7.White House, Office of the Press Secretary, “Fact Sheet on U.S. Missile Defense Policy,” September 17, 2009, http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/FACT-SHEET-US-Missile-Defense-Policy-A-Phased-Adaptive-Approach-for-Missile-Defense-in-Europe.

8.“Obama Tells Russia’s Medvedev More Flexibility after Election,” Reuters, March 26, 2012, http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/03/26/us-nuclear-summit-obama-medvedev-idUSBRE82P0JI20120326.

9.See, for example, “Moscow Unimpressed by Changes to US Missile Defense Plans,” RIA Novosti, March 18, 2013, http://en.ria.ru/world/20130318/180087109.html.

10.Melissa Hogenboom, “America and Russia: Uneasy Partners in Space,” BBC, February 10, 2012, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-17074388.

11.“Medvedev Prolongs Russia-US Agreements on Cooperation in Space Research until 2020,” Golos Rosii[The Voice of Russia Radio], March 23, 2013, http://english.ruvr.ru/2013_03_23/Medvedev-prolongs-Russia-US-agreements-on-cooperation-in-space-research-until-2020/.

12.Pirchner, “A False Start with Russia,” Journal of International Security Affairs, no. 23 (Fall/Winter 2012).

13.As cited in “Putin Outlines Pragmatic Diplomacy in Marathon News Conference,” Xinhua (Beijing), December 20, 2012, http://english.sina.com/world/2012/1220/540224.html.

14.Pirchner Jr., “A False Start with Russia,” Journal of International Security Affairs, no. 23 (Fall/Winter 2012).

15.Kathy Land and Will Englund, “Russia Fumes as U.S. Senate Passes Magnitsky Law Aimed at Human Rights,” Washington Post, December 6, 2012, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/us-passes-magnitsky-bill-aimed-at-russia/2012/12/06/262a5bba-3fd5-11e2-bca3-aadc9b7e29c5_story.html.

16.Office of the President of Russia, “A Law on Sanctions for Individuals Violating Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms of Russian Citizens has been Signed,” December 28, 2012, http://eng.kremlin.ru/acts/4810.

17.Leon Aron, “The Putin Doctrine,” Foreign Affairs, March 8, 2013, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/139049/leon-aron/the-putin-doctrine?page=show.

18.Ibid.

19.Author’s conversations, Moscow, Russia, March 2013.

20.John Arquilla, “Civil Savant,” Foreign Policy, January 7, 2013, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/01/07/civil_savant; see also John Schutte, “Casting Net Assessment: Andrew W. Marshall and the Epistemic Community of the Cold War,” unpublished thesis, Air University School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, June 2012.

21.Author’s conversations, Moscow, Russia, March 2013.

22.Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, The Russian Question(New York: Farrar, 1995).

23.Author’s conversations, Moscow, Russia, March 2013.

24.Mark Steyn, “The Bear Goes Walkabout,” National Review, December 16, 2006, http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1781695/posts.