Тайны языческих богов. От бога-медведя до Золотой Богини

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202. N. G. Davies and A. H. Gardiner, The Tomb of Amenemhet,1915, pp. 57f.

203. Gardiner, E.R.E.,vol. viii, p. 23; Breasted, Religion ami Thought in Ancient Egypt, p.54.

204. Cf. chap, ii, pp. 40f.

205. Sethe, Urkumlen,vol. i, p, 114; Palermo Stone,vol. i, no. 3, p. 4.

206. Budge, The Book of Opening the Month.1909, 2 vols.

207. Lepsius, Denkma..ler,vol. ii, p. 4; Pyramid Texts, 1929, E.T, by Mercer, vol. iv, pp. 36ft

208. Budge, op. cit.,vol. i, p. vii.

209. Blackman, J.E.A.,vol. xxi, 1935, pp.6f.

210. The Tomb of Amenemhet,pp. 56ff.; Moret, Le Rituel du Culte divin journalier en Egypte.Paris, 1902, pp. 147ft; Wilson, J.N.E.S..Chicago, 1944, vol. iii, pp. 20Iff.; Schiaparelli, II libra dei Funerali,Turin, 1882—90,3 vols.; Baly,/.E A.,vol. xvi, 1930, pp. 176ft; Blackman and Fairman, op cit.,vol. xxxii, 1946, pp. 75 ff. О параллельном обычае, связанном со статуей бога в Вавилоне, cf. Blackman, op. cit.,vol. v, 1918, pp. H7rF.; vol. x, 1924, pp. 47ft; S. Smith, J.R A.S.,1925. pp. 37ft.

211. Cf. W. R. Dawson, J.E.A.,vol. xiii, 1927, pp. 40ft.; Egyptian Mummies,1924, pp. 45ft.; T. J. Pettigrew, History of Egyptian Mummies,1834, pp. 44ft.

ГЛАВА V

212. Wilson, Journal of Near Eastern Studies,1944, pp. 20 Iff.; Davies, The Tomb of Rekh-mi-Re at Thebes,1943, pp. 70ft.

213. Het Animisme in der Indischen Archipel,1906, p. 372.

214. J.G.F. Riedel, De Sluik en Kroeshaarige rassen tussehen Sele-bes en Papua,1886, pp. 410f., 460,466.

215. Routledge, The Mystery of Easter Island,1919, pp. 231 f.

216. G. Brown, Melanesians and Polynesians,1910, p. 396.

217. Codrington, The Melanesians,Oxford, 1891, p. 272.

218. Rivers, History of Melanesian Society,vol. ii, Cambridge, 1914, pp. 264fF., 530ft; Seligman, The Melanesians of British New Guinea,Cambridge, 1910, pp. 715ft; Codrington, op. cit.,p. 288, n. 1.

219. Cf. chap, i, pp. I7ff.

220. Cf. chap, iii, p. 75.

221. Codrington, op. cit..pp. 26Iff.

222. Riedel, op. cit.,p. 483.

223. Seligman, op. cit.,pp. 728f.

224. B. Spencer, Wanderings in Wild Australia,vol. ii, 1928, pp. 489ff.

225. H. Basedow, The Australian Aboriginal,1925, p. 214.

226. J. Dawson, Australian Aborigines,Melbourne, 1881, p. 67.

227. W.E. Roth, Bull, of Records of the Australian Museum,vol. vi, 1907, p. 393; A. R Elkin, The Australian Aborigines,Sydney, 1938, p. 249.

228. Codrington, op. cit.,p. 267.

229. Contrib. to N. Amer. Ethnol,vol. iv, 1881, pp. 218, 220f.

230. Reutter, De L’ embaumement avant et aprus J. Xt.,Paris, 1912, p. 142.

231. Gann, 64th Bull. B.A.E.,Washington, 1918, p. 127.

232. H. C. Mercer, Public. Univ. Penn.no. 6,1897, pp. 93ff.; Bush-nell, 71st Bull. B.A.E.,1920, pp. 58f.

233.12th Report B.A.E.,1894, p. 379; J. W. Foster, Prehistoric Races,1878, pp. 149ff.; Willcox, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,1874, pp. 165fT.

234. Le Plongeon, Queen Moo and the Egyptian Sphinx,1896, p. 138.

235. Pepper, Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. Annual Report, 2,1902, no. 44; Guernsey and Kidder, Papers of Peabody Mus., 1921,pp. 13ff.; 19f.; Z. Nuttall, The Book of the Life of the American Mexicans,Berkeley, 1903, pp. 54ff.; Due de Loubat, Codex Magliabecchiano,3, Rome, 1904, p. 13.

236. 65th Bull. B.A.E.,1919, p. 83.

237. J. W. Fawkes, Smith. Misc. Collections,no. 63, 1914, pp. 50ff.; C. L. Webster, Archaeol. Bulletin,no. 3, pp. 70, 73.

238. Chap, iv, p. 104.

239. Lumholtz, Unknown Mexico,vol. i, 1903, pp. 7Iff.

240. Trans. & Coll. Amer. Antiq. Soc.,vol. i, 1820, pp. 318ff., 359f., 362.

241. Contrib. to N. Amer. Ethnology,vol. i, 1887, pp. 90f.

242. Billings Expedition,1802, p. 161.

243. Dali, Smithsonian Contributions,1878, pp. 31, 84ft'.

244. R. Beverley, History of Virginia,1772, p. 185.

245. Turner, Samoa,1884, pp. 148ff; Nineteen Years in Samoa,1861, p. 232.

246. Hare Hongi, Journal of the Polynesian Society,vol. xxv, 1916, pp. 169ff

247. Op. cit.,p. 172.

248. W. Ellis, Polynesian Researches,vol. i, 1829, pp. 520fT.

249. G. de Mendieta, Historia eclesiastica Indiana,Mexico, 1870, p. 358.

250. Brasseur de Bourbourg, Histoire des nations civilisees du Mexique et de I'Amerique,vol. iv, Paris, 1859, 3, pp. 239fF., 407ff.

251. A.A.,N.S. vol. 16, 1914, pp. 62ff.

252. 18th Report B.A.E,1899, pp. 317ff.

253. Contrib. Mus. Amer. Ind.; Heye Foundation,vol. v, 1919, pp. 9f.; A.A.,N.S. vol. 7, 1905, pp. 625f

254. Sophocles, Trachiniae,pp. 1191 f.; Hyginus, Fab.,p. 36.

255. lamblicus, De Mysteriis,p. 12.

256. Monier-Williams, Brahmanism and Hinduism,1887, pp. 283f.

257. Turner, Samoa, p.335; Contrib. to N. Amer. Ethnol.,vol.iii, 1877, pp. 181f.

258. History of Melanesian Society,vol. ii, pp. 546, 549fF.

259. Hill Tout, British North America,1907, pp. 178ff.

260. Evans-Pritchard, African Affairs,vol. xlviii, no. 190, January 1949, pp. 56ff.

261. Op. cit.,p. 59.

262. Bushnell, 83 rd Bull. B.A.E,1927, p. 25.

263. Kruijt, Het Animisme in der Indischen Archipel,1906, pp. 369ff., 380.

264. Op. cit.,pp. 371, 381.

265. Skeat and Blagden, Pagan Races of the Malay Peninsula,vol. ii, 1906, pp. 103, no, 114.

266. Op. cit.,pp. 208flf.

267. I.H.N. Evans, Ethnology and Archaeology of the Malay Peninsula,Cambridge, 1927. pp. 18fF.

268. P. Schebesta, Among the Forest Dwarfs of Malaya. 1929, p. 255.

269. Cf. Perry, J.R.A.I.,vol. xliv. 1914, pp. 281ff.; Folk-Lore,vol. xxvi, 1915, pp. I38ff.; Riedel, De sluik en Kroeshaarige rassen tussehen Selebes en Papua,1886, pp. 334ff., 360.

270. Kruijt, op. cit.,p. 373.

271. Seligman, The Melanesians of British New Guinea,Cambridge, 1910, p. 616.

272. Kruijt, op. cit.,pp. 345f.

273. Op. cit.,vol. ii, pp. 262f.

274. Codrington, The Melanesians,p. 258.

275. Rivers, op. cit.,p. 267.

276. Wheeler, Archiv. fu..r Religionswissenschaft,vol. xvii, 1914, p. 64.

277. R. W. Williamson, The Mafulu Mountain People in British New Guinea,1912, pp. 258ff., pis. 87, 88, 89.

278. B. Thomson, The Fijians,1908, pp. 120ff.

279. Op. cit.,p. 132; Fison, Tales of Old Fiji,1904, p. 168; J.J. Williams, Fiji and the Fijians,vol. i, 1870, pp. 200ff.; Frazer, Belief in Immortality,vol. i, 1913, pp. 424f.

280. Frazer, op. cit,p. 399.

281. Keysser, Neuhauss, Deutsch New Guinea. vol. iii, Berlin, 1911, pp. 82f., 143.

282. Brinton, Myths of the New World,Philadelphia, 1896, p. 280.

283. J.A.I.,vol. xxi, 1891, pp. 18f.; Bancroft, Native States of North America,vol. iii, New York, 1883, p. 520.

284. J. Franklin, Second Expedition,1828, pp. 29Iff.

285. A. Henry, Travels and Adventures in Canada,Toronto, 1901, p. 144; 71 st Report B.A.E.,1920, p. 30.

286. Copeway, Ojibway Nation,1847, p. 32; Schoolcraft, Indian Tribes,Philadelphia, 1853, vol. i, p. 321.

287. Pinkerton, Voyages and Travels,vol. xiii, 1812, p. 41.

288. Sahagun, Hist. Gen. de las cos as de Nueva Espan~a.vol. i. Mexico, 1829, lib. ii, p. 164; Brasseur de Bourbourg, Histoire Nat Civ.vol. iii, p. 497.

289. Sahagun, op. cit. vols. n, vii, pp. 253ft.

290. H. Ling Roth, Natives of Sarawak and British North Borneo,vol. i, 1896, pp. 204ff.

291. Hose and McDougall, The Pagan Tribes of Borneo,vol. ii, 1912, pp. 32ft'.

292. O. Rutter, The Pagans of North Borneo,1929, p. 216.

293. Skeat and Blagden, Pagan Races of the Malay Peninsula,vol. ii, 1906, pp. 99ff., 106ff.

294. Melanesians,p. 255.

295. Op, cit.p.285.

296. Malinowski, Argonauts of the Western Pacific,p. 513.

ГЛАВА VI

297. Hocart, J.R.A.I., vol. Iii, 1922, p. 84.

298. Golden Bough,vol. iv, part i (Adonis), p. 5.

299 .L’Antbrop.,vol. xx, 1911, pp. 257ff.; vol. xxiii, 1912, pp. 129, 143; Revue prtbistorique,vol. v, 1910, p. 33; Capitan, Rev. de l'Ecole d’anthrop.,vol. xxii, 1912, pp. 316ff.

300. L. Passemard, Les statuettes feminines dites Venus steatopyges,Nimes, 1938, pp. 121 f; Luquet, The Art and Religion of Fossil Man, Oxford, 1930, pp. 85, 110.

301. Capitan, Peintures et gravures murales des cavernes paleolithiques. Les Combarelles aux Eyzies,1924, pi. vi.

302. The Gate of Horn,1948, p. 57.

303. G. Clark, Savagery to Civilization,1946, p. 56.

304. E. A. Golomshtok, L'Anthrop,vol. xliii, 1933, pp. 3341f.;

S.N. Zamiatnine, Paleolit. S.S.S.R.,Moscow, 1935, pp. 26ff.

305. Burkitt, Eurasia Septentrionalis Antiqua,ix. Helsinki, 1934, p. 113.

306. J. W. Jackson" Shells as Evidence of the Migration of Early Culture,Manchester, 1917, pp. 135ff.

307. Cf. Didon, "L’Abri Blanchard, Perigueux, 1911", extract from Bull. de la Sac. Hist, et Archeol. du Perigord,pi. vi, no. 28; Mortillet, Mus ее Prehistorique,2nd ed., no. 189.

308. Boule, Les Hommes Fossiles,Paris, 1923, p. 266.

309. L’Anthrop.,vol. xxiii, 1912, p. 657; C.R.. Acad. Inscrip, et Belles-Lettres.1912, pp. 532ff.

310. Breuil and Calve Aguilo. L’Anthrop.,vol. xx, 1909, p. I.

311. Cf. chap, vii, pp. 172f.

312. Были найдены 4 фигурки мадленской культуры, все – во Франции.

313. Breuil, L’Antrop.,vol. xxiii, 1912, p. 529.

314. Cf. Obermaier, Fossil Man in Spain,1925, pp. 257ff.; L’Antprop.,vol. xxxvi, 1926, pp. 5–6.

315. Cf. E. S. Hartland, Primitive Paternity,1909—10; Malinowski, The Father in Primitive Psychology,1927, pp. 28ff., 43flf.; Sexual Life of Savages in North' Western Melanesia,1929, pp. 146ff.

316. Petrie, Prehistoric Egypt, 1920, pp. 8f.; Brunton and Caton-Thompson, The Badarian Civilization,1928, p. 29.

317. М. E. I. Mallowan and J. Cruikshank Rose, Iraq,vol. ii, 1935, pp. 79ff.

318. The Archaeology of Palestine and the Bible,New York, 1932, p. 109.

319. Excavations at Tepe Gawra,Philadelphia, 1950, p. 163.

320. Op. cit.,p. 165.

321. Seton Lloyd and Fuad Safar, J.N.E.S.,vol. iv, 1945, p. 270.

322. Mallowan, Iraq,vol. iii, 1936, pp. I9f.

323. Woolley, The Development of Sumerian Art,1935, pp. 37f., рдs. 6a-e, f, h; Antiq. Journal,vol. x, no 4, 1930, p. 338, pi. xcviii.

324. J.E.A.,vol. ix, 1923, pp. 19If.

325. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft in Uruk-Warka,vol. vii, Berlin, 1936, pi. 47; cf. vol. viii, p. 50.

326. Op. cit.,vol. viii, p. 52, pi. 49e.

327. R. de Mecquenem, L’Anthrop.,vol. xiv, 1935, pp. 93ff., pis. 1–2.

328. Op. cit., pis. 7 i.

329. Contenau, Syria,vol. viii, 1927, p. 198, figs. 2, 3; La Deesse nue babylonienne,Paris, 1914, p. 59, fig. 58; cf. p, 62, fig. 59; Delegation en Perse, Memoires,vol. i, p. 125, fig. 276; cf. p. 130, pis. vii, 14, viii, 19.

330. Pezard et Pottier, Les Antiquites de la Susiane,Paris, 1913, p. 129.

331. Op. cit.,p. 149.

332. De Morgan Collection,no. 276.

333. Cf. Delegation en Perse,vol. i, p. 130, pis, vii, 10; Pezard, op. cit.,p. 129; Contenau, fig. 60.

334. Explorations in7 brkestan,1904; Pumpelly, vol. i, 1908, p. 171, pi. 46, figs. 13, 14.

335. Op. cit.,pi. 46, fig. 11.

336. Op. cit.,figs. 10a, 10b.

337. Op. cit.,pis. 4, 55.

338. Piggott, Prehistoric India,1950, p. 127; Stein, Memoirs Arch. Survey of India,no. 37, 1925, pp. 38, 42, 60, 75, pis. ix, P.W. 9, P. 262; xii, K. 14; xvi, D.N. d. 9, SJ. 68; Piggott, Ancient India,1950, pp. 107f., 126ff.

339. Stein, op. cit.,p. 60.

340. Op. cit.,pi. ix, P.C. 17.

341. Cf. Brunton and Caton-Thompson, The Badarian Civilization,p. 29; Woolley, Antiq. Journal,vol. xi, p. 368; Zammit, Archaeologia,vol. lxx, p. 197.

342. Mackay, Further Excavations at Mohenjo-daro,vol. ii, 1937, pis. xci, 12; xcii, i, a; vol. i, pp. 257ff.; Marshall, Mohenjo-daro and the Indus Valley Civilization,vol. i, 1931, pp. 338tf.; Vats, Excavations at Harappa,vol. i, 1940, pp. 292ff; Piggott, Ancient India,no. 3, 1946, pp. 126ff.

343. Marshall, op. cit.,vol. i, p. 339.

344. Mackay, op. cit.,p. 259; The Indus Civilization,1948, pp. 53f.

345. Marshall, op. cit.,pi. xciv, ii; Mackay, op. cit.,vol. ii, pi. Ixxii, 7; pi. lxxvi, 5; Vats, op. cit.,pis. lxxvi, lxxvii.

346. Marshall, op. cit.,pi. xciv, no. 11.

347. Ор. сit, pi. xii, по. 17.

348. Marshall, op. cit.,vol. i, pp. 53fF.

349. Mackay, Further Excavations at Mohenjo-daro,vol. i, pp. 335ff.

350. Marshall, op. cit..pis. xiii, 1,7; xiv, 2, 4.

351. Op. cit.,pis. xiii, 1, 2, 8.

352. Op, cit.,pis. cxxx, 21, 23.

353. Mackay, op. cit.,pp. 407.

354. Vats, Excavations at Harappa,1940, pp. 51, 53, 55ff.

355. Op. cit., p.370.

356. Cf.p. 140.

357. P. 371.

358. Pumpelly, Exploration in Turkestan,vol. i, 1908, p. 47.

359. Cf. chap, ix, pp. 237f

360. Oikaios, Iraq, vol. vii, 1940, p. 78,

361. Cambridge Ancient History,vol. i, 1923, p. 91.

362. C. W. Blegen, American Journal of Archaeology,vol. xii, 1937, p. 569, pi. xx.

363. J. T. Bent, J.H.S. vol. v, 1884, pp. 49ff.

364. Cf. Evans, The Palace of Minos,vol. i, 1921, p. 49, figs. 12, 13.

365. Op. cit,p. 52.

366. Cf. Homer, Odyssey,pp. 125—7; Hesiod, Theogony,p. 969; Diodorus,vol. v, pp. 25ff.; J. E. Harrison, Themis,Cambridge, 1912, pp. 54 n. 7, 164; Prolegomena to Study of Greek Religion,1903, p. 456.

367. Harrison, Prolegomena,fig. 86.

368. Solinus, vol. xi, p. 8; Nilsson, The Minoan-Mycenaean Religion,1927, p. 439.

369. Evans, op. cit.,pp. 500ff., figs. 359, 362, 377; Nilsson, op. cit.,pp. 268ff.; В. E. Williams, Gournia,Philadelphia, 1908, pp. 47ff., pi. xi.

370. Evans, op. cit.,vol. iv, p. 559, figs. 522a, b; B.S.A.,vol. vii, 1900, p. 29, fig. 9.

371. B.S.A., op. cit.,p. 101; vol. ix, fig. 38.

372. J.H.S,vol. xxii, p. 77, fig. 2.

373. Diodorus, I, iv, c. 79, 3.

374. Evans, op. cit.,vol. iv, pp. 959ff.

375. Evans, op. cit.,vol. i, pp. 438f.; Nilsson, op. cit.,pp. 368ff; Paribeni, Mon. ant.,vol. xix, pp. Iff.

376. Evans, B.S.A.vol. viii, pp. 101 ff.; op. cit.,vol. i, p. 447.

377. Zammit and Singer, J.R.A.J.,vol. liv, 1924, pp. 79ff.; pis. v, 6, 7, 9; vol. xix, pi. 10.

378. Zammit, Prehistoric Malta,Oxford, 1930, p. 80. pi. xxii.

379. J.R.A.I., op. cit.,pi. xv, 49.

380. Op. cit.,pi. xviii, 53.

381. Op. cit.,pi. xviii, 54.

382. Op cit.,pi. xi, 29.

383. Op. cit.,pi. xx, 30.

384. M. A. Murray, Excavations in Malta,1929, pp. 11, 29.

385. Zammit, The Hal-Saflieni Prehistoric Hypogeum,Malta, 1910, p. 40; J.R.A.I., op. cit.,pi. ix, 22.

386. J.R.A.I.,pi. x, 23.

387. Cf. chap, iii, pp. 70f.

388. Zammit, Prehistoric Malta,pp. 13, 15, 84, 96.

389. Siret, Revue prehistorique,1908, pp. 10, 21.

390. Correia, Comision de investigaciones paleontologicas у prehistoricas, Madrid,1921, pp. 27, 63ff., figs. 50, 56, 58.

391. Cf. chap, iii, pp. 76f.

392. Correia, op. cit.,p. 75.

393. Junta superior para excavaciones archeologicas,Madrid, 1930, Merns.,p. 112.

394. Z. le Rouzic, Carnac, Menhirs-Statues avec signes figuratifs et Amulettes ou I doles des Dolmens du Morbihan,Nantes, 1931, pp. 13ff.

395. Kendrick, The Archaeology of the Channel Islands,vol. i, 1928, p. 32.

396. Op. cit.,pp. 2Iff.; Antiq. Journal,vol. v, 1925, pp. 429f.

397. Et Michon, Res. des mem. Sac. de Antiq. de France,Centenaire, 1904, p. 299.

398. Е. MacCulIoch, Proc. Soc. Antiq.,vol. viii, 1881, p. 32.

399. A. de Mortillet, Bull. Soc. d’Anthrop.,Paris, 1893, p. 664.

400. Association Framaise pour I'avancement des Sciences,Paris, 1890, p. 629.

401. Bull. Soc. prihistorique fraraaise,vol. viii, Paris, 1911, p. 669.

402. V. С. C. Collum, The Tresse Iron-Age Megalithic Monument,Oxford, 1935.

403. Piggott, The Neolithic Cultures of the British Isles,1954, p. 42; Childe, Prehistoric Communities of the British Isles,1949, 3rd ed., p. 40.

404. Piggott, op. cit.,p. 88, figs. 14, I—4, 10.

405. Piggott, P.P.S.,N.S. vol. ii, 1936, p. 87.

406. C. Fox, The Early Cultures of North-west Europe,Cambridge, 1950, pp. 59f.

407. Philippe, "Cinq Ann£es de Fouilles au Fort-Harrouard, 1921—5", Societe normande d’etudes prehistoriques,vol. xxv, bisRouen, 1927.

ГЛАВА VII

408. Manuel d’archeologie prehistorique,Paris, 1908, p. 603.

409. Spencer and Gillen, Native Tribes of Central Australia,1938, pp. I67ff.

410. Cf. chap, iv, p. 148.

411. Breuil, Quatre cents siucles d’art parietal,Montignac, 1954, pp. 166, 176ff.

412. Antiquity,vol. iii, no. 9, 1929, p. 17.

413. Science, Religion and Reality,1926, p. 44.

414. Begouen, C. r. Ac. Inscrip.,1923, p. 14; Breuil, op. cit.,pp. 236ff.

415. A. Lemozi, La Grotte-Temple du Pech-Merle,Paris, 1929; Breuil, op cit.,pp. 266ff.

416. F. Windels, The Lascaux Cave Paintings,1949, pp. 27ff.; A. H. Brodrick, Lascaux: A Commentary,1948, pp. 8Iff.

417. Breuil, op. cit.,pp. 131, 134f.

418. Windels, op. cit.,p. 63; Levy, The Gate of Horn,1948, p. 21.

419. Spencer and Gillen, op. cit.,pp. 171ff.

420. Op. cit.,pp. 614fF.

421. Spencer and Gillen, Northern Tribes of Central Australia,pp. 436fF.

422. La Caverne d’Altamira,Monaco, 1909, p. 139.

423. Cf. chap, ix, pp. 23If.

424. Cf. Marett, The Threshold of Religion,1914, pp. 40fF.; J.E. Harrison, Ancient Art Ritual1913, p. 26.

425. Driston, L ’Egypte,Paris, 1938, p. 597.

426. Cf. chap, viii, pp. 21 Of.

427. Frazer, Golden Bough,part iv (Adonis II), p. 219.

428. Pyr. Texts, 466b, Sethe, Urgeschichte und alteste Religion der Aegypter,Leipzig, 1930, p. 99.

429. Frankfort, Kingship and the Gods,Chicago, 1947, pp. 150ff.; The Birth of Civilization in the Near East,1951, p. 54.

430. Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt,1914, pp. 8f.

431. Cf. Frankfort, Kingship and the Gods,pp. 123ff.

432. Blackmail, Studia Aegyptiaca,«Analecta Orientalia», vol. xvii, 1938, p. 2.

433. Wainwright, The Sky-Religion in Egypt,Cambridge, 1938, pp. Ilf.

434. Blackman, Luxor and its Temples, 1923,pp. I79ff.

435. A. Erman and A.M. Blackman, The Literature of the Ancient Egyptians,1927, p. 137.

436 .J.E.A.,vol. ii, 1915, p. 125.

437. Brugsch, Zeitschriftfu.s aegypt. Sprache und Altertumskunde,vol. xix, 1881, pp. 71—111; Loret, Recueil de travaux relatifsa la Philologie et a I'archeol Egyptiennes et Assyriennes,vol. iii, 1882, pp. 43 ff.; vol. iv, 1883, pp. 2Iff.; vol. v, 1884, pp. 85ff.

438. Brugsch, Religion und Mythologie der alien Aegypter,Leipzig, 1885—8, p. 621.

439. Gardiner, op. cit.,p. 123; Brugsch, Zeitschrift,pp. 84, 94; Ret und Myth.,p. 618.

440. S. N. Kramer, Sumerian Mythology,Philadelphia, 1944, pp. 83 ff.

441. Langdon, The Babylonian Epic of Creation,Oxford, 1923, p. 37, line 14.

442. Falk-lore,1939, p. 140.

443. Cf. T. Jacobsen, The Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man,Chicago, 1946, pp. 126ff.; Frankfort, Ancient Egyptian Religion,Chicago, 1948, pp. 54ff.

444. Ezek. viii. 14.

445. Pallis, The Babylonian Akitu Festival,Copenhagen, 1926, pp. 193 ff, 252ff; Langdon, The Babylonian Epic of Creation,Oxford, 1923, pp. 34ff.

446. S. Smith, J.R.A.S.,1928, pp. 849ff.; Pallis, op. cit.,p. 109; Tallquist, Sumerisch-akkadische Namen der Totenwelt,Helsingfors, 1934, pp. I69ff.

447. A. J. Wensinck, Acta Orientalia,vol. i, pp. 169ff.

448. Jacobsen, The Sumerian King List,Chicago, 1939; Assyr. Studies, no. 11, p. 58.

449. Admon., 12, 1; Cairo, 34501.

450. E. Chiera, Sumerian Ritual Texts,vol. xxxi, Upland Pa., 1924, 24, i, 22—5.

451. Frazer, Golden Bough,part iv, pp. 9ff.; B. Z. and C.G. Seligman, The Pagan Tribes of the Nilotic Sudan,1932, pp. 90ff.; Egypt and Negro Africa.1934. 28fF. Meek, The Northern Tribes of Nigeria,vol. i, 1925, pp. 255ff.; vol. ii, pp. 58ff.; Evans-Pritchard, The Divine Kingship of the Shilluk of the Nilotic Sudan,Cambridge, 1948, pp. 18f., 21, 36f.

452. Morel, Du caracture religieux de la royaute Pharaonique,Paris, 1902, pp. 256ff.; Breasted, Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt,p. 39; Murray, Ancient Egypt,vol. ii, 1926, pp. 33ff.; Seligman, Egypt and Negro Africa,p. 2; Frankfort, Kingship and the Gods,1948, pp. 79fT.

453. J.E.A.,vol. ii, 1915. p. 134.

454. J.E.A.,vol. xxviii, 1942, p. 71; Kingship and the Gods,p. 79.

455. Sethe, Untersuchungen zur Geschichte und Altertumskunde aegyptens,vol. iii, 1905, pp. 134ff.

456. Т. Н. Gaster, Thespis,New York, 1950, pp. 578f.; R. de Langhe, Les textes de Ras Shamra-Ugarit,Paris, 1945.

457. Cf. С. H, Gordon, Ugaritic Literature,Rome, 1949, pp. 3ff.

458. Baal– 'Anat Cycle,p. 67; vol. ii, pp. 5–6.

459. Palace of Minos,vol. ii, p. 842; vol. iii, p. 142; cf. Nilsson, Minoan-Mycenaean Religion,pp. 296f.

460. A. W. Persson, The Religion of Greece in Prehistoric Times,California, 1942, p. 34.

461. Evans, op. cit.,vol. i, pp. 161 f.

462. Op. cit.,vol. ii, pp. 838ff.

463. Nilsson, op. cit.,p. 230, pi. i, 4.

464. Cf. Evans, Archaeologia,vol. xv, 1914, pp. 10f., fig. 16; Persson, op. cit.,p. 49.

465. Evans, op. cit.,vol. i, p. 432, fig. 310a; vol. iii, pp. 220, 225, figs. 154, 158.

466. Cf. Persson, op. cit.,pp. 9Iff.; Malten, Archa..ologisches Jahrbuch,1928, pp. 90ff.

467. Cf. Deedes, The Labyrinth,1935, pp. 27ff.

468. Chap. viii, pp. 22Iff.

469. The Golden Bough,part 11, p. 140.

470. Nilsson, Greek Popular Religion,New York, 1940, pp. 5Iff.

471. Refutatio omnium haeresium,vol. v, p. 8; cf. Famell, Cult of the Greek States,vol. iii, pp. 177, 183.

472. Artemidorus, vol. i, p. 8.

473. Proclus ad Plato, Timaeus,p. 293 (Lobeck).

474. Famell, op. cit.,vol. iii, p. 184.

475. Euripides, Bacchae,pp. 20ff.; Famell, op. cit.,vol. v, pp. 86ff.; Rhode, Psyche,1925, pp. 250ff.

476. Эти примеры приводятся автором по записям, сделанным во время путешествия в музей в Элевсине.

477. Famell, op. cit.,vol. iii, pi. xxib, p. 256.

478. Minoan-Mycenaean Religion,p. 490.

479. Op. cit.,pp. 153f.. figs, 28, 29.

480. Op. cit.,p. 155.

481. Tacitus, Germania,40.

482. Lucretius, vol. ii, pp. 600—43.

483. Cf. Crawford, Antiquity,1954, pp. 25ff; R. J. C. Atkinson, P.P.S., vol. xviii, part 11, 1952, p. 236; Stonehenge,1956, pp. 33f., 84f., 163f.

484. Stonehenge,p. 165.

485. Hawkes, PP.S.,1948, pp. 196fF.; Navarro, The Early Cultures of North-west Europe,Cambridge, 1950, pp. 77ff.; Atkinson, op. cit.,pp. 162ff.

ГЛАВА VIII

486. Cf. Childe, Prehistoric Communities of the British Isles,p. 122, n. 14.

487. Piggott, P.P.S., 1938, pp. 58ff.

488. Primitive Culture,4 ^thed., vol. i, 1903, pp. 426ff.

489. Op. cit., vol.ii, pp. 113f., 247fT., 31 If.

490. Principles of Sociology,vol. i, 1885, p. 411.

491. Frazer, The Worship of Nature.1926, pp. 9f.

492. The Making of Religion,1898, pp. 160ff.; cf. Howitt, Native Tribes of South-east Australia,1904, pp. 488ff.

493. Cf. Schmidt, Der Ursprung der Gottesidee,Munster, 1912– 54.

494. Spencer and Gillen, Native Tribes of Central Australia,1938, p. 246, n. 1.

495. Nuer Religion,Oxford, 1956, pp. 2ff., 118, 124,200ff.

49 6. Op. cit, p.316.

497. Bulletin Societe prehistorique framaise,vol. iv, 1907, p. 215.

498. A. B. Cook, L’Anthrop.,vol. xiv, 1903, pp. 34fF.

499. Cf. A. C. Haddon, The Study of Man,1898, pp. 277fF.; Marett, The Threshold of Religion,1914, pp. I7f., 145f; Howitt, op. cit.,pp. 578f.; Spencer and Gillen, Native Tribes of Central Australia,pp. 246n., 634.

500. Cf. Wainwright, The Sky Religion in Egypt,Cambridge, 1938.

501. Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt,1914, p. 9.

502. Pyr Texts,p. 1105.

503. Budge, Tutankhamon, Amenism, Atonism and Egyptian Monotheism,1923, p. 79.

504. Frankfort. Kingship and the Gods,1948, p. 38.

505. Cf. Davies, J.E.A.,vol. ix, 1923, pp. 133ff.; Journal of the Society of Oriental Research,vol. x, Chicago, 1926, pp. 25ff.

506. Langdon, Babyloniaca,vol. xii, Paris, 1931, p. 11, lines 11–12.

507. Gadd, The Idea of Divine Rule in the Ancient East,Oxford, 1948, p. 34.

508. Cf. F. Notscher, Ellil in Sumer und Akkad,pp. 56, 66.

509. Cf. Frankfort, op. cit.,p. 228; F. Thureau-Dangin, Sumerische und Akkadische Ko.. nigschriften,Leipzig, 1907, pp. 156f.

510. Heidel, The Babylonian Genesis,Chicago, 1950, pp. 20ff; vol. ii, pp. 60ff.

511 .Op. cit.,p. 47; vol. ii, pp. 31ff.

512. Heidel, The Gilgamesh Epic,Chicago, 1951, p. 229.

513. Cf. Cook, Zeus,vol. i, pp. 577Ш, 635; Garstang, The Hittite Empire,1929, pp. 204f.

514. S. Mercer, The Tell El Amarna Tablets,vol. ii, Toronto, 1939, pp. 483 (13f.).

515. Konow, The AryanGods of the Mitanni People,Kristiana, 1921, pp. If.

516. Rig-veda,vi, 27, 8; x, 33,2; Atharvaveda,v, 22,5, 7,9.

517. Санскритская форма авестийского слова "Ахура", которым Заратустра стал обозначать Премудрого владыку, Ахура Мазду, – верховного бога в зороастрийском монотеизме, чья власть ограничивалась лишь духом зла Анхрамайнью (Друдж).

518. Cf. Keith, Indian Culture,vol. iii, p. 421.

519. Satapatha Brahmana,v, 1, 1,2; iii, 2,2, 4.

520. Chandogya-Upanishad,vi, 8, 7f.; Brihadaranyaka,i, 4, 10; 1st Upanishad, Iff.

521. Yasna,34,44,45,48.

522. Yasna,30.

523. Five Stages of Greek Religion,Oxford, 1925, p. 65.

524. Nilsson, History of Greek Religion,Oxford, 1925, p. 31.

525. Cf. Rose, Handbook of Greek Mythology,1933, pp. 49f.

526. Cf. Aeschylus, Danaids, Tragg Graec.,Fr. ed., Nauck, p. 44; Euripides, Fr. 898, pp. 7 ff.;Cook, Zeus,vol. iii, pp. 456ff.; Famell, Cult of the Greek States,vol. i, pp. 244ff.

527. Chap, vii, p. 197.

528. Rose, op. cit.,pp. 102ff.

529. Frazer, The Golden Bough,part 11, p. 140.

530. The Aryans,1926, p. 81.

531. Shetelig and Falk, Scandinavian Archaeology,Oxford, 1937, pp. 156f.

532. The Golden Bough,part x, pp. 160ff.

ГЛАВА IX

533. Chap, vii, p. 203.

534. Cf. Atkinson, Stonehenge,1956, p. 172.

535. Elementary Forms of the Religious Life,1913, p. 206.

536. A. R. Radcliffe-Brown, A.A.,1935, pp. 394ff.; J.R.A.I.,vol. lxxv, 1945. p. 33.

537. Op cit.,pp. 47, 206.

538. Cf. chaps, v, vi.

539. Les fonctions dans les Societes Inferieures,Paris, 1915; La Mentaliteprimitive,Paris, 1921; L' Experience mystique et les symboles chez les primitifs,Paris, 1938.

540. Evans-Pritchard, Nuer Religion,Oxford, 1956, pp. 77, 82, I32f., I40f.

541. Chap. vii, p. 180.

542. Newberry, Annals of Archaeology and Anthropology,vol. v, Liverpool, 1913, p. 136.

543. Baumgartel, The Cultures of Prehistoric Egypt,Oxford, 1955, p. 31.

544. Homblower, J.E.A.,vol. xv, 1929, p. 39.

545. Levy, The Gate of Horn,1948, p. 116.

546. Op. cit.,pp. 38, 43.

547. Winckler, Rock-Drawings of Southern Upper Egypt,1938, p. 22.

548. Gadd, in Hall and Woolley, Ur Excavations,vol. i; Al 'Ubaid,Oxford, 1927, pp. 142f.

549. Op. cit,p. 143.

550. Cf. chap, vi, p. 159.

551. Chap, vi, p. 158.

552. Capitan, Les Combarelles aux Eyzies,1924, pi. vi; Picard, Revue de Philologie,1933, pp. 344ff.

553. Cf. Malton, Archa..ologisches Jahrbuch,1928, pp. 90fT.

554. Capitan and Peyrony, Revue anthropologique,vol. xxxi, 1921, pp. 92ff.

555. Chap, vii, p. 178.

556. L’Anthrop.vol, xxiv, 1913, pp. 627ff.

557. Cf. chap, vi, p. 146.

558. A. Makowski, Mittheilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien,1892, p. 73; Obermaier, Der Mensch der Vorzeit,p. 298; Breuil, L’Antrop.,1924, pp. 549ff.

559. Buckland, Reliquiae Diluvianae,1823, pp. 82ff.

560. Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt,p. 61.

561. Frankfort, Kingship and the Gods,p. 178.

562. Tablet XI.

563. Cf. Heidel, The Gilgamesh Epic and the Old Testament Parallels,Chicago, 1949, pp. 207 ff.

564. F. Thureau-Dangin, Hilprecht Anniversary Volume,Leipzig, 1909, p. 161.

565. Chap. ii, p. 43.

566. Chap. ii, p. 53.

567. Chap. ii, pp. 48f. Также, Woolley, Ur Excavations, The Royal Cemeteries,vol. ii, 1934, pp. 135ff.; Mackay, Report on the Excavations of the "А" Cemetery at Kish,vol. i, Chicago, 1925, pp. 13f.

568. Vats, Excavations at Harappa,vol. i, 1940, pp. 207ff.

569. Rig-veda,x, 18.

570. Rig-veda,x, i, 4, 16.

571. Evans, Palace of Minos,vol. ii. p. 279,

572. Chap. vi, p. 164.

573. Monumenti Antichi,vol. xix, pp. 5—86, pis. i – iii.

574. Palace of Minos,vol. i, pp. 439, 447.

575. Harrison, Themis,1912, p. 178; Petersen, Arch. Jahrbuch,vol. xxiv, 1909, p. 162.

576. Minoan-Mycenaean Religion,pp. 378ff.

577. Evans, J.H.S.,vol. xiv, 1925, pp. 68ff.

578. Mycenaean Tree and Pillar Cult,1901, pp. 98fF.

579. Chap. iv, p. 108.