Текст книги "Практический курс английского языка 1 курс"
Автор книги: Владимир Аракин
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may be expressed by a noun, a gerund or a clause.
a walk in the park, (our) takinq a walk in the park, that we (he, she, they) should take a
{walk in the park.
offer vt предлагать. The direct object following the verb to offer may be expressed by a
noun or an infinitive.
to help me. He offered ^ his help.
me a glass of lemonade.
satisfy vt удовлетворять; Ant. dissatisfy, e. g. The teacher was satisfied with
the student's answer, satisfactory adj удовлетворительный; Ant. unsatisfactory, e.
g. She got a satisfactory mark at the exam.
immense adj огромный, as immense distance, height; immensely adv
чрезвычайно, очень, е. д. Our guests were surprised at the immense size of
Moscow. Their trip was immensely interesting.
magnificent adj величественный, великолепный; Syn. splendid, excellent as
a magnificent building (hotel, house)
to be situated быть расположенным, е. д. The village is situated on the bank
of the river Volga.
crowd л толпа; crowded adj переполненный, битком набитый;
overcrowded p. p., e. g. The bus was overcrowded.
cross vt пересекать, переходить (улицу), crossing л переход, е. д. Cross busy
streets at crossings, (subway л подземный переход), across ргр через, по ту
сторону, е. д. There is a bridge across the river, to come across smth. случайно
натолкнуться, е. д. I came across a very interesting phrase in the book, to cross
out вычеркивать, e. g. Two of the words were crossed out.
direction л направление; in the direction of в направлении, е. д. I saw her
walking in the direction of the Institute, direct adj прямой, as a direct line, direct
speech, direct object
surprise vt удивлять, поражать, е. д. I was surprised to see the cat playing
with the dog. to be surprised at smth. удивляться, е. д. I was surprised at seeing
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her there, surprise л удивление, е. д. То my great surprise his plan succeeded, in
surprise с удивлением, е. д. The girl looked at us in surprise.
sights n pi достопримечательности, as to see the sights of Moscow; Syn.
places of interest, e. g. They were shown a lot of places of interest during their
tour, sightseeing n осмотр достопримечательностей; to go sightseeing
осматривать достопримечательности
sign л знак, е. д. a traffic sign
manage vt справляться, успевать (в чём-л.), е. д. I didn't manage to go to the
library today, I had no time, castle л замок
attraction л привлекательность, е. д. The picture gallery is one of the greatest
attractions of our town, attract vt привлекать, притягивать; to attract one's
attention привлекать чье-л, внимание
TOPICAL VOCABULARY
get on/off (a bus); to put down at...; down/up the street; at the bottom of the
street; take bus No. 7. change for bus No. 7; it's a five minutes' walk from here;
take the first turning to the left/right; what/how much is the fare?; full up/packed;
traffic regulations/lights; right/left hand traffic: heavy/light traffic; one way
traffic; peak/rush hours; industrial area; shopping area/centre; outskirts;
outstanding; tower
EXERCISES
I. Spell and transcribe the four forms of the following verbs:
arrive, get, admire, impress, situate, enjoy, ride, cross, learn, show, teach,
make, visit, plan, drive, build.
II. Give the comparative and superlative degrees of the following adjectives:
new, long, busy, dirty, beautiful, good, large, big, splendid, narrow, interesting,
hospitable, straight, impressive, broad, crooked.
III.
Write a) the plural and b) the singular of:
a) avenue, bus, crowd, фу, view;
b) pictures, taxis, squares, theatres, minutes, guides.
IV. Transcribe the following words and explain the reading rules applied in them:
broad, crooked, crowded, guide, hotel, museum, narrow, street, stream, square,
typical, worker, show, friendly, builder, view, straight, country, avenue, between.
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V. a) The material below is to be prepared for reading. Mark the stresses and tunes.
Concentrate your attention on sounds, b) Let your fellow-student pronounce this exercise
for you to detect his errors in the vowel [a:] and tell him what must be done to eliminate
them:
[a:] 1. Can't you ask Father or Aunt Margaret?
2. He laughs best who'laughs last.
3. Half heart is no heart.
4. The highest art is artlessness.
VI.
Before you start working at the text practise the sounds in the
following words and word combinations:
A.
1. [av] a lot of places of interest, the centre of the city,
–
typical of big towns, streams of buses, crowds of people.
2. a) Alveolars before interdentals: admired w the centre, its^theatres, they
crossed^the city, suggested^their going, on^the left side, b) No devoicing before
voiceless consonants: aswpossi-ble, their guide^showed, ofwpeople.
B.1. [rj] —wondering^if you, anything^, about, going^by
car, is it worth visitingwyou think? 2. Linking [r]: the town centre w is, further _
on, a bit more^about it, I wonder^if, never^actually.
VII.
1. a) Listen to the recording of the text **A Visit to Moscow". Mark the
stresses and tunes, b) Practise the text for test reading. Listen to the recording very
carefully until you can say it in exactly the same way. c) Listen to Text 2 carefully. Try to
dramatize it following the conversational style of the speakers on the tape.
VIII.
Transcribe the following sentences, mark the stresses and tunes and picture
them on the staves:
1. I say, Mary! Does this bus go to Tverskaya Street? 2. Excuse me, can you
tell me where the nearest metro station is about here? – Certainly. 3. Is there a
bus from here to Red Square? – Yes, any bus'll take you.
IX.
Answer the following questions:
1. When did the Wilsons arrive in Moscow? 2. Where did they come from? 3.
They came to Moscow on a visit, didn't they? 4. What do people usually do when
they come to a town for the first time? 5. Wriat did they want to see in Moscow?
They wanted to see as much as possible, didn't they? 6. Who took them
sightseeing about the city? 7. What places of interest did the guide show them? 8.
Did they do much sightseeing? 9. Did the Wilsons like the centre of out city? 10.
What did they admire most of all? 11. Where is Moscow University situated? 12.
What did the tourists see from the Vorobyev Hills? 13. Where else can one enjoy a
most beautiful view of the whole city from? 14. Can you describe the centre of
Moscow? 15. In which street do you live? 16. How long does it take you to get to
the University from your place? 17. Does your friend live in the suburbs of
Moscow?
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9 Заказ 1271
257
18.
Can you tell me the way from here to Petrovka Street?
19.
How does your father usually get home from his office? 20. Is it easy
to get a taxi during rush hours? 21. If one of your friends came here for
sightseeing what would you advise him to see if he had: one day; two days; a
week or a fortnight?
X. Rewrite as in the models.
M o d e l 1: His answer surprised me.
I was surprised at his answer.
1. Her voice surprised us all. 2. The results of the exam surprised the teacher.
3. His behaviour surprised those who were present. 4. You surprise me. 5. Your
written test surprises us. 6. The girl's speech surprised the students. 7. The youth's
words surprised the old people.
M o d e l 2: The teacher was impressed by the student's answer.
The student's answer made an impression on the teacher.
1. The listeners were impressed by the speech. 2. The play impresses me each
time I see it. 3. The tourist was impressed by the places of interest in St.
Petersburg. 4. We were greatly impressed by Petrov's speech. 5. My companions
were impressed by her singing.
M o d e l 3: He came to Moscow the other day.
He arrived in Moscow the other day.
1. He has come to St. Petersburg to take part in the work of the congress. 2. He
came to the meeting in time. 3. They came to the seaside at the week-end. 4. We
came to London on the 16th of March. 5. We all came to the station to see our
friends off to Minsk. 6 . We came to Pushkino at about б o'clock.
XI.
Fill in prepositions if necessary:
A. 1. A lot ... tourists ... various countries arrive ... Russia. 2. The children
enjoyed riding ... the metro and going ... escalators which led ... the platforms. 3.
We were taken ... the town ... the guide. 4. Mary was most interested ... the
museums. She was impressed ... the beautiful things she saw there. 5. ... Sunday
we went ... the Recreation Park, we walked ... the alleys. The leaves ... the trees
were turning red, brown and yellow. It was
like being ... the country, and only the noise ... the streets ... the distance
reminded us that we were still... the city. 6. We greatly enjoyed a ride ... the city ...
a taxi. 7. The buildings built.... the suburbs are as modern and beautiful as those ...
the centre ... the town. 8. Most ... the places ... interest are as a rule situated ... the
centre ... the town. 9. Tourists always admire the Moscow metro, the beauty ... its
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architecture different ... each station. 10. There were crowds ... people ... the
streets ... the first... January. 11. ... which direction did he go? – He was
walking ... the direction ... Red Square. 12. I planned to leave ... Sochi... the 5th
July. 13. These splendid multi-storeyed houses are inhabited ... the workers ... the
automobile plant. 14. ... all the theatres ... Moscow she prefers the Bolshoi
(theatre). 15. We went ... sightseeing tours whenever we had time. 16. ... their
great surprise the picture did not impress me ... all. 17. The dean's speech made a
great impression ... the students. 18. They were sitting side ... side. 19. We were
all greatly impressed ... his knowledge ... so many foreign languages. 20. I
came ... these old photos when I was looking ... my passport. 21. Can you make
room ... another boy ... that desk?
B. A n n : Er, 1 say, Betty? Do you live ... the hostel ... our Institute?
B e t t y : Oh, no. I'm a Muscovite and live ... Tverskaya Street. But why?
A n n : Well. I wanted to call ... a friend ... mine who lives ... the hostel, but
I'm not sure I can find the way there. Is it a long way ... the Institute?
B e t t y : Rather. It'll take you 35 minutes or so.
A n n: Do you happen to know how I can get there ... here?
B e t t y : Ohr let me think for a moment. Take trolley-bus 14. It'll take you
right there. I'm not absolutely sure, but I think there's a stop ... the metro station.
A n n: I wonder if I can get there by metro.
B e t t y : Why yes of course. But if you go ... metro you'll have to change ...
Revolution Square, that's why the best way for you to go is ... trolley-bus.
A n n : And where do I get...?
B e t t y : You have to go as far as Yaroslavskaya Street stop, there you get turn
... the corner, walk a short distance ... the street and ... less than 5 minutes you'll
find yourself... the hostel.
A n n : It's perfectly clear.
B e t t y : It is quite easy to get there. But ... case you lose your way, you may
ask a militiaman or any passer-by ... it. They'll show you the way, only don't
forget the address: 18 Yaroslavskaya Street.
A n n : Thank you very much, Betty. Good-bye.
XII.
Translate the following sentences into English using You'd better, I'd rather.
1. Ты бы лучше поехал на метро, а вам бы лучше сойти на следующей
остановке. 2. Лучше читай вслух. 3. Я, пожалуй, навещу Олю. 4. Ему бы
лучше остаться дома. Мне кажется, у него ангина 5. Она сказала, что
предпочитает пойти на прогулку. 6. Я бы предпочла присоединиться к своим
институтским друзьям. 7. Мы, пожалуй, пойдем осматривать город. 8. Куда
бы ты скорее поехал: в Лондон или Париж? – В Лондон. 9 . Вам бы лучше
пойти туда немедленно. 10. Ты бы лучше помогла маме убрать квартиру. 1 1 .
Я, пожалуй, куплю ежика для мальчика. 12. Ты бы лучше произносила все
отчетливее. 13. Я предпочла бы не говорить об этом.
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XIII.
a) Read the following sentences. Note the constructions in bold type, b)
Compose 5 sentences on each of the constructions:
A. 1. The tourists wanted to see as much as possible. 2. Be as careful as
possible when you cross the street. 3. If you don't work as hard as possible, you
won't pass your exams. 4. Go to the language laboratory aspften as possible. 5.
Keep as quiet as possible.
B. 1. I arranged to meet Nina so that we could go to the cinema together. 2. Let
us go out earlier so that we can catch the train. 3. Draw it larger so that everybody
can see it. 4. The little girl stood up so that the old woman could sit down. 5. You
must speak louder so that I can hear you.
С 1. I am busy teaching you. 2. Mother is busy cooking dinner. 3. I was busy
writing letters the whole morning. 4. He is busy translating the article. 5. She was
busy making her dress.
D. 1. Our new friend took us sightseeing about the town 2. What about going
sightseeing? 3. The tourists went sightseeing every day of their stay in the town. 4.
On the next day of our arrival in Kiev we went sightseeing. 5. What do you say to
going sightseeing?
XIV.
Translate the following sentences into English:
1. Я живу на одной из наиболее оживленных улиц нашего города. Моя подруга
живет на окраине города. 2. В новых городах нет узких, кривых улиц. 3. На Кутузовском
проспекте построено прекрасное здание музея-панорамы. 4. Мы приехали в Сочи в
воскресенье. Город расположен на побережье Черного моря. Сады и парки Сочи
великолепны. В центре города много больших магазинов. 5. Картины этого музея
произвели на меня большое впечатление. 6 Туристы всегда восхищаются московским
метро. 7. Россияне очень гостеприимны. 8. Я живу в доме, расположенном на берегу
реки. 9. Они перешли улицу и вошли в дом. 10 Поездка по городу доставила нам
большое удовольствие. 11. Мы устали после нашей поездки по городу. 12. Толпы людей
спешили по направлению к станции метро. 13. Запишите мой адрес, чтобы не забыть. 14
Как только мы прибыли в Волгоград, мы тотчас же отправились осматривать
достопримечательности этого города-героя 15. Простите, вы не знаете, как проехать в
Сокольники? – Нет. Я очень плохо знаю Москву. 16. В такси для меня не оказалось
места. 17. Давайте выйдем на следующей остановке и пройдемся пешком. 18. Я езжу в
институт автобусом. 19 Где вы делаете пересадку (a change) по дороге на работу? – На
Пушкинской площади Там я пересаживаюсь на 31-й троллейбус. 20. Вы выходите на
следующей остановке? – Да, выхожу. 21. Вам бы лучше остаться дома – вы
нездоровы. 22. Вы можете сказать, который сейчас час? 23. Простите, вы можете сказать
мне, какой троллейбус идет по Петровке? – Кажется, № 69. 24. За последние годы в
Москве построено много подземных переходов.
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XV.
a) Write all possible questions to which the following sentences are answers, b)
Each sentence describes a certain situation in a concise way. Find out some more details
about it by asking questions. Work in pairs.
M o d e l : The street in which I live is broad and straight.
A: What's the street you live in like? B: It's broad
and straight. A: Is it in a new district? B: Yes, in
Medvedkovo.
1. My brother lives in one of the new districts in Kiev. 2. Minsk has greatly
changed since the war, you will hardly recognize it now. 3. There is a new cinema
not far from the
ф
metro station. 4. In summer we shall visit a lot of towns in different parts of
Russia and shall see very many places of interest, 5. The guide wanted us to have
the best possible impression of the city. 6. A lot of new houses are being built in
all the towns of Russia. 7. Last Sunday our best friend visited us. 8. My girl-
friend has just arrived in Moscow from the Crimea.
XVI.
Rewrite these sentences changing the verbs in bold type from the Present
Indefinite to the Past and Future Indefinite, Present and Past Continuous, Present and
Past Perfect. Make other necessary changes, add the corresponding adverbs of time:
1. The tourists are shown many places of interest in our town. 2. Moscow
University on the Vorobyev Hills is greatly admired by everybody, 3. History and
Art Museums are often visited by the students of our group. 4. New metro
stations are built in our town. 5. The poem is recited in our group.
XVII.
a) Change the following sentences into indirect speech using the verbs to
suggest or to offer.
1. "Let us study English together," said Olga. 2. "Why don't you buy the
dictionary?" Mary said to me. 3. "Let's go to the park by metro," said John. 4.
"Take another piece of cake, it's delicious," said our hostess. 5. "Let us rest for a
while," said my friend. 6. "Will you have another cup of tea?" asked Mother. 7.
"Let us visit Mary," said one of the students. 8. "Why not arrange some excursions
during the winter holidays?" said the monitor of the group.
b) Translate the following sentences into English using one of the following verbs: to
offer – to suggest:
1. Гид предложил туристам поездку в Сергиев Посад. 2. Можно
предложить вам еще чашечку кофе? 3. Он предложил мне билет в театр. 4.
Нина предложила своей подруге провести каникулы вместе в деревне. 5.
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Староста группы предложила студентам поехать на экскурсию в
воскресенье. 6. Так как до вокзала было далеко, они предложили нам взять
такси. 7. Мой друг предложил мне пойти с ним в театр. 8. Я знаю, что он
предложил помочь им. 9. Я предложил ей отложить поездку (put off) на
неделю. 10. Оля предложила идти до станции метро пешком.
XVIII.
Replace the passive constructions by the corresponding active
constructions. Supply the new subject yourselves where necessary:
1. The Tretyakov Gallery is visited by thousands of people every year. 2. They
were greatly impressed by the Moscow Kremlin. 3. We were pleasantly surprised
at his answer at the examination. 4. We were told to wait outside. 5. We were
shown the nearest way to the Bolshoi theatre by a passer-by. 6. The girl was
promised a new dress. 7. I was asked to come at 5 o'clock. 8. The child was left at
home. 9. We were taken on a ride about the city. 10. You are invited to dinner
tomorrow.
XIX. Translate the following into English:
Москва, город-герой, – столица Российской Федерации. Это крупнейший
политический и культурный центр страны и самый большой город России, один из
крупнейших городов мира с населением более 8 миллионов.
Москва занимает первое место среди столиц мира по количеству учебных заведений
и студентов. В городе свыше 100 музеев и выставочных залов (exhibition halls), десятки
театров, множество клубов, кинотеатров, стадионов и других спортивных сооружений.
Москва была столицей всемирных Олимпийских игр 1980 и очень хорошо
подготовилась к встрече лучших спортсменов мира и многочисленных зарубежных
гостей. В Москве много исторических и архитектурных памятников. За последние
десятилетия город сильно изменился. Там, где раньше были кривые, узкие улочки и
маленькие деревянные дома, теперь широкие проспекты с красивыми высокими
современными зданиями. Москва растет и хорошеет с каждым днем, появляется все
больше новых домов, улиц, площадей, проспектов, скверов. Увеличивается количество
новых линий метро. Москва расширяется во всех направлениях. Все, кто приезжает в
Москву, поражаются огромному строительству, которое идет во всех районах столицы.
XX.
Fill in articles if necessary:
1. In ... big cities ... streets are broad and straight, there are ... lot of squares
and ... beautiful parks. 2. At ... each corner you can see .. militiaman regulating ..
traffic. 3. Let us walk to ... nearest stop and take ... bus. 4. If we don't know where
to go We ask ... militiaman to show us ... way. 5. When ... traffic light changed
from yellow to green, we crossed ... street and entered
... underground station, paid our fares, went down ... escalator, got on ... train
and rode as far as ... Yugozapadnaya station. 6. There we left ... metro and walked
to ... Institute. 7. Walk ... short distance down ... street till you come to ... multi-
storeyed house, then take ... first turning to ... right, walk down ... block and you
will see ... entrance. 8. We must get out here or we shall miss ... stop. 9. We went
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by metro as far as ... Sokolniki station and then changed for ... trolley-bus. 10. We
made ... tour of ... new metro stations. 11. Never step off ... pavement into ... road
without looking ... both ways to see if anything is coming.
XXI.
Develop these dialogues using the topical vocabulary and conversational
phrases:
1. Do you happen to know the way to the Tretjakov Gallery? – Well, let me
see ... Go straight on and then take the second turning to (or on) the left (right).
2. Er ... Excuse me, could you tell me if this is the right way to Petrovka
Street? – Oh, no, you are quite wrong. You'd better go back and then ask again.
3. Er... I wonder if you could tell me the nearest way to Tver-skaya Street. —
I'm terribly sorry. I really don't know. I'm a stranger here myself. You'd better ask
the militiaman over there.
4. Er... Could you help me, I'm not quite sure where the nearest metro station
is? .– Well, let me see. It's round the corner.
5. Excuse me, is there a bus from here to Red Square? – I'm terribly sorry,
I've no idea, I'm afraid.
6. Er... Will you please tell me how far the nearest metro station is? – If you
walk, it'll take you about twenty minutes to get there. You'd better take a bus.
XXII.
Retell the following jokes using indirect speech:
1. Little John, in a crowded bus, is sitting on his father's lap. An elderly lady
enters the bus, and Johnny at once jumps down, politely takes off his hat, and
says: "May I offer you my seat?"
2. A traveller, on arriving at a railway station, asked a local man: "Well, my
friend, as this is my first visit to your town, could you tell me how many hotels
you have here?"
L o c a l m a n : We have two.
Traveller: Now, which of the two would you recommend?
L o c a l m a n : Well, frankly speaking, it's like this, sir: whichever one you
go to, you'll be sorry you didn't go to the other.
3. A woman hired a taxi. It began to race along, passing trams, cars,
policemen, etc. The woman was frightened, and said to the taxi-driver:
"Please, be careful. This is the first time I ever rode in a taxi." "It's all right,"
answered the taxi-driver. "It is the first time 1 ever rode in a taxi, too."
4. When Conan Doyle arrived in Boston, he was at once recognized by the
cabman whose cab he had engaged. When he was about to pay his fare, the
cabman said:
"If you please, sir, I should prefer a ticket to your lecture."
240
Conan Doyle laughed. "Tell me," he said, how you knew who I was and I'll
give you tickets for your whole family."
"Thank you, sir," was the answer. "On the side of your travelling-bag is your
name – Conan Doyle."
XXIII.
a) Retell the text **A Visit to Moscow", b) Describe the Wilsons' visit to
Moscow as if you were Mr. Wilson himself (his wife, his daughter Mary).
XXIII.
This exercise should be done in pairs. Use your own words to fill in the
blanks in the following dialogue. Before you begin, study the whole dialogue carefully and
decide what you are going to say:
( A stranger is asking for directions in a town you know well)
A: Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to please?
B: Yes. At the moment you are standing in ... (atnear ...).
A: And I want to go to ...
B: If you turned leftyou'd come to ...
A: But I don't want to go to ...
B: No, I know you don't. But if you went straight along this road, you'd come
to ...
A: But I don't want to go to ...
B: No, you don't, do you? So if you turn tight at you'll come to ...
A: Thank you. B: Not at
all.
XXV.
a) Watch Film Segment Six -Sightseeing ... at Home" for general content, b)
Watch the film segment again to find the English equivalents to the following:
такое движение!; левостороннее движение; двухэтажный автобус; дорожные
происшествия; выставка; набережная; основывать; заседать (о парламенте);
кинооператор (фоторепортер); неудачная съемка.
с) Answer your teacher's questions on the content of the film segment, d) Listen to the
sound track recording of Segment Six. Get ready to speak as the narrator of Mr. Brown's
home movie on Londpn.
XXVI.
Take a plan of Moscow, St.-Petersburgf your native town, etc. Prepare 8—10
questions to help your fellow-students discuss it in class.
XXVII.
a) Render the following in the form of a dialogue, b) Get ready with a
situation for your fellow-students to give it in the form of a dialogue:
Ваш знакомый, с которым вы вместе работали на Севере, приезжает на несколько
дней в Москву. Он никогда раньше не был в столице и просит вас посоветовать ему, с
чего начать осмотр города. Вы охотно соглашаетесь. В Москве много мест, которые
стоит посмотреть. Для начала вы предлагаете побывать на Красной площади, на
241
Воробьевых горах, осмотреть новое здание Московского университета. Ваш знакомый
просит объяснить ему, как добраться до центра.
XXVIII.
Find English proverbs concerning travelling, provide them with Russian
equivatents, ask your fellow-students to illustrate them.
XXVIII. Ask your friend to give you as much information as possible about:
his native town; a place in Britain he knows; one of the capitals of our
republics.
XXX.
Get together with one or two other students and have a friendly talk. The
situation is this:
You are friends planning a trip to St.-Petersburg. There are a lot of things that
need to be done. Each of you is full of imaginative ideas.
XXXI.
Speak on the following:
1. Your arrival in a big city. 2. Any city you think interesting.
3. A new district of Moscow. 4. Explaining to a stranger how to get to the
Central Post Office from: Pushkin Square, Petrovka Street, the Vorobyev Hills.
LABORATORY WORK
I. a) Repeat the sentences after the tape, b) Make them interrogative
and negative.
II. Spell and transcribe the given words and word combinations.
II. Use the sentences with the verb in the passive voice.
III. a) Translate the sentences into English, b) Check your sentences with the key.
IV. a) Use the sentences in indirect speech. Make all the necessary changes, b) Check
your sentences with the key.
V. Listen to the wrong statements. Correct them.
VII. a) Listen to the poem «Evening» by Percy D. Shelley. Mark the
stresses and tunes, b) Practise the poem, c) Learn it by heart.
Lesson Eighteen
Grammar: The Complex Object.
Texts: I. Carrie Goes to a Department Store. 2. Shopping.
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STUDY THE FOLLOWING
T a b l e No. 1 THE COMPLEX OBJECT
1
want
Nelly
make a report.
We
wanted
Nick
to
return soon.
They
expect
you
ride in a taxi.
L expected him (her)
sing at the party.
243
b
Nelly
go along the street every morning.
)
He (She)
sees
Nick
take the book from the desk.
Jack
saw
hears
m e
N
stelly
an
d near s
thep eak
Kre loudl
mlin. y,
Ann
heard us
Nickcome up to sin
the g beautif
window ully
and sever
hut y
it. S
unda
write y, laugh
them exercises eve srof
y tl
e y
ve at the
ning. joke.
d
Jack
Nick
do the room every day.
)
Ann
makes
him (her)
speak loudly enough.
He (She)
The teacher
made
us
get up early every morning.
c
Ann
)
The mothe
_ r
____
them
work regularly.
Note 1. A continuous action is expressed by a present participle. e д. I saw Pete coming
towards me
Note 2. After the verb make in the Passive Voice the infinitive of the verb following it is
used with the particle to, е. д. 1 was made to get up early.
GRAMMAR EXERCISES
I. Study Substitution Table No. 1 and compose as many sentences as
you can. r
II.
Spell and transcribe the four forms of the following verbs:
buy, make, become, show, try, put, wear, fit, cost, get, forget, write, run, go.
III.
a) Write one sentence instead of the given two using complex
objects.
M o d e l : I saw John every day. He often spoke with his comrades. I often
saw John speak with his comrades (or John speaking).
1. 1 watched the sun. It was rising. 2. I heard him. He was singing an English
song. 3. yje noticed a man. The man was cleaning his shoes. 4. He saw two girls.
They were dancing on the stage. 5. She watched the children. They ran about and
played in the garden. 6. I saw her every morning. She arranged
her hair carefully. 7. Every night we saw our neighbour. He listened to the
news. 8. John heard his daughter. She was talking loudly. 9. We saw Roger. He
was crossing the square. 10. They heard their father. He played the piano every
night.
b) Give your own examples of complex object, c) Use the same .entences with
complex objects in short situations.
IV, a) Translate the following sentences into English:
1. Я видел, что Николай пришел. 2. Я видела, что Джордж идет по улице. 3. Каждое
утро Мэдж видела, как ее сосед раскрывает окно. 4. Мы заставили брата прочесть свои
стихи. 5. Мои друзья заставили меня петь вчера. 6. Никто не может заставить меня это
сделать. 7. Мы видели, как разговаривали их родители. 8. Мы видели, как дети играли.
9. Она видела, что Нина примеряет шляпу. 10. Алиса видела, что ее сестра взяла книгу.
11. Он видел, что его ученики стоят около школы. 12. Том видел, что она вышла из
комнаты. 13. Мать видела, что ее дети сидят и делают домашнее задание. 14. Она
видела, что Роджер сидит на диване. 15 . Николай видел, что Анна что-то пишет. 16. Я
хочу, чтобы вы меня поняли. 17. Я хочу, чтобы вы купили это платье. 18. Я не хочу,
чтобы вы уходили рано. 19 Мы ожидаем, что они скоро придут. 20. Учитель заметил,
что ученики разговаривают.
b) Use the translated sentences in situations.
V.
Paraphrase the following sentences as in the model.
M o d e l : Nelly spoke to the dean yesterday.
It was Nelly who (that) spoke to the dean yesterday.
Those boys have brought me the letter.
It is those boys who (that) have brought me the letter.
1. The guide showed them many places of interest. 2. Mrs. Hilton told the
children to go to bed. 3. Lizzie does not want to eat her porridge. 4. Jim is eager
to ride a pony. 5. Alice is cutting some sandwiches. 6. James says the frost is
severe. 7. Alice and Roger swam further along. 8. The conductor told me where
to get out. 9. The students began a lively talk with an English correspondent. 10.
Robert and Nora noticed a nasty-looking cloud. 11. My friends helped me to
catch up with the Stroup.
TEXT 1
CARRIE GOES TO A DEPARTMENT STORE
The extract is taken from "Sister Carrie" by Th. Dreiser, a well-known American writer
(1871—1945). Carrie, a young provincial girl, comes to Chicago and is greatly attracted by
