Текст книги "Lawrence: The Uncrowned King of Arabia"
Автор книги: Michael Asher
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Биографии и мемуары
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Текущая страница: 32 (всего у книги 32 страниц)
Hatim, Dr Basil, 106
Haydar, Sharif’Ali, 166
Hedley, Colonel Coote, 122–3
Hejaz, 50, 51, 124, 153, 168–71
Britain and, 52–3
first mission to, 167–88
return to, 191
Helps to the Study of the Bible, 23
Herbert, Aubrey, 129, 132, 138, 144
Hittite(s)
cylinder-seals, 60, 69–71
as fantasy, 110
Hoare, Sam, 366
Hogarth, David, 58–61, 70, 101, 122, 141, 156, 355
at Carchemish, 78–90
Lawrence’s awe of, 84
in Cairo, 149
Holdich, Major G.V.W., 171
Holmes, Miss, 66–7, 102, 103–4
homosexuality, 26–7, 42–3, 76, 111–12, 233–4, 309
claimed as commonplace, 233
rape at Dara’a and, 297–8
approval of, 298
Hornby, Lieutenant, 311
al-Houl, crossing of, 235–9
Housman, Laurence, 26
Howaytat, as feud-ridden, 268
Huber, Charles, 176
Humber(ship), 264
Huon de Bordeaux, 28
ibn Hussain, Sharif ‘Ali, Emir of Mecca, 50–52, 106, 135, 165, 177–9, 210, 318
Bedu and Hejaz railway, 125, 156–7
letter from, 140
and British ‘decency’, 142–3
Hutaym, 154
Ibrahim Pasha, 105
al-Idrisi, 135, 136
Idylls of the King(Tennyson), 28
‘Intrusive’(Arab Bureau codename) 149
Irishness, 355
Isis(magazine), 113
al-Islam, Sheikh, 135
Ja’afar Pasha, 261, 264, 299, 300, 317
as Commander in Chief, 318
Jamal Pasha, 136, 137, 138, 156–7, 162
Jane, L.C., 40–41
Jarvis, C.S., 186
Jaudet, ‘Ali, 334
ibn Jazi, Hammayd, 227
ibn Jazi, Sheikh ‘Ar’ar, 226
ibn Jazi Howaytat, 248, 300
Jebayyil, 66–7, 102
Jeddah, 160, 167
Jefer, 249
Jerusalem, 298
Jesus College, Oxford, 40–42
Jews, 62–3
Jirwal barracks, attack at, 157–9
Jisr al-Hemmi, attack at, 276–7
Johns, Captain W.E., 359, 361–2
Joyce, Lieutenant-Colonel Pierce, 130, 184, 186, 209, 219, 229, 264, 316
in Cairo, 308
on Lawrence, 317
Juhayna, 154, 191
Junor, Lieutenant, 325
Justinian, Emperor, 113
Kalevala, 28
Kennington, Mrs Celandine, 12, 17
Kennington, Eric, 33, 377
Kenyon, Sir Frederick, 90, 93, 115
Kerak, 302
Khadra, surrender of, 253
Khairy Bey, 157
Khalfati, beating at, 107
Khallaf, 180
Khirbat as-Saba’ah, 304
Kilometre 149, raid at, 322–3, 328
Kilometre 589, raid at, 276
King-Crane commission, 345
Kirkbride, Lieutenant Alec, 85, 106, 186, 213, 307
on cruelty, 333, 334
Kitchener, Lord, 115, 118, 125, 126
death of, 149
knighthood, offer of, 343
Knightley, Philip, 370
Knowles, Pat, 376
Kut
stand at, 143–4
relief mission to, 147–8
surrender of, 148
Lama(ship), 168, 172
Laurie, Janet, 75–6
Lawrence, Arnold (Arnie) (brother), 25, 333
birth, 10
marriage, 30
Lawrence, Frank (brother), 24
birth, 10
death, 138
Lawrence, John (grandfather), 7
Lawrence, Montague Robert (Bob) (brother)
birth, 8, 23
domination by mother, 15–16
Lawrence, Sarah (mother), 7–8
qualities, 11–12
domination by, 15–17, 30
Lawrence, Thomas (father), 7–8, 13. 14
Thomas Chapman’s name-change to, 9
death, 355
Lawrence, Thomas Edward
family background, 7–10
birth, 10
childhood, 10–31
financial circumstances in childhood, 14–15
beatings by mother, 16
and pain, 17–18
emotional withdrawal, 18
schooldays, 21–31
at Boys’ High School, Oxford, 22–3
and masculinity, 25
and empathy, 25–6
and women, 27, 75–6
and medieval world, 27–8
family life, 29–30
lying and truth, 32–4, 70–74, 243, 291–5, 320
in Royal Garrison Artillery, 32–3
cycling, 35–6
in France, 36–9, 47–8
at Oxford University, 38–48
canoeing, 46
malaria, 48
and Young Turk’s revolution, 49–54
and Jews, 62–3
in Safed, 63
first shot at, 68
reports of murder of, 71
and ‘failure as sin’, 73
in Oxford, 75–9
proposal of marriage, 75–6
and Dahoum, 88–9, 109–11, 122
at Carchemish, 93–108
illness at Jarablus, 90–92
in Egypt, 93–108
at Kafr Ammar, 94–5
behaviour at Expedition House, 97–8
at Jebayyil with Dahoum, 102–4
speaking Arabic, 106
beating at Khalfati, 107
in Oxford with Dahoum, 109–11
last visit to Carchemish, 120–22
last sight of Dahoum, 122
in Cairo, 129–31
in Mesopotamia, 131–49
in Cairo Intelligence, 149
alienation of others, 131
his bravery, 138–9, 247–8
outbreak of Arab Revolt, 153–66
first mission to Hejaz, 167–88
dislike of ‘Abdallah, 170
camel-riding, 176
Sharif ‘Ali and, 177–9
first meeting with Feisal, 181–2
first closeness with Bedu, 185
as Propaganda Officer, 190
wearing Arab dress, 192–3
dislike of Vickery, 201
and executions, 211–14
sees desert as ally, 216
at Mudahrij, 222–4
meeting with ‘Ali and Othman, 232–4
crossing al-Houl, 235–9
search for Gasim, 236–9
and deception of Arabs, 240–41
and Arab Nationalism, 240
and ‘nobility’ of Arabs, 242–3
almost shot, 245
on bravery, 247–8
Mudowwara raid, 254–72
traverse of Sinai, 254–60
Allenby as father-figure, 261
Auda’s defection and, 262–3
and Operation Hedgehog, 263
attack on Mudowwara, 266–71
Yarmuk operation and Dara’a incident, 273–98
opportunities lost, 281
rape at Dara’a, 282–95
approval of homosexuality, 298
personal bodyguard and, 295–7
as personally unclean, 295
at Jaffa Gate, Jerusalem, 298
shoots Othman, 309
massacre at Tafas and, 313–14, 330–34
quarrel with Young, 316
wounded, 325–6
and Peace Conference, 343–58
offer of knighthood, 343
writing of Seven Pillars, 346–51
in Who’s Who, 352
discovery of his real name, 355
as John Hume Rosss, 359–60
in RAF, 359–66, 372, 375
at School of Photography, Farnborough, 365
as T.E. Shaw, 367
enters army, 367
thoughts of suicide, 372
and speed, 374
death, 376–7
Lawrence, William (brother), 24, 110
birth, 10
death, 142
‘Lawrence of Arabia’, birth of myth, 173
Lawrence of Arabia (film), 332
Layard, Henry, 23
Lean, David, 332
Leeds, Edward, 36, 58, 69, 71, 77, 79, 97, 119, 122, 142, 272
on Dahoum, 110
on cruelty, 334
Liddell Hart, Basil, 14, 20, 25, 32, 58, 122, 181, 182, 292, 305, 363
honours and, 343
Lloyd, George, 57, 129, 132, 133, 138, 277
Lloyd George, D. (prime minister), 345
Lockman, J.N., 294
Logan, W.M., 131
love, 76
lying (and truth), 33–4, 246, 291–5, 302–6, 320, 333–5
to Bedu, 243
Sinai crossing, 259–60
food-tray, 275
at Dara’a, 282–95
Hubert Young, 288
personal bodyguard, 295–7
M.31(ship), 194
Ma’an, 119
Mack, John, 291, 334, 371
Mafraq, attack on, 328–9
malaria, 48, 64, 101–2, 141
Mamluks, 53–4
ibn Mansour, Muhsin, 160
al-Mansur, Ahmad, 180
bin Mansur, Ahmad, 165
mapmaking, 123
in Cairo, 131
masculinity, idealization of, 25
masochism, 17, 33, 107–8, 179, 332, 354, 370
al-Masri, Aziz ‘Ali, 164, 318
Mata’ab, 301
Mather, H.E., 32, 46
Maxwell, General Sir John, 133, 148
McGee, Sergeant-Major, 359
McMahon, Sir Hugh, 129, 137, 141, 144
Hussain’s letter and, 140
capture of Aqaba and, 228
Mecca, 153
Medforce, 137–8, 142
medieval world, 27–8
Medina, 215–17, 229
Feisal at, 182
Fakhri Pasha evacuates, 209
Meinertzhagen, Richard, 292, 294
Meissner Pasha, 124
Mesopotamia, 128–49
division of, 344
Meyricke Exhibition, Jesus College, 39–40
Mezerib, 326
al-Mezra’a, attack at, 306
Milli-Kurds, 105
mines, 220
at Mudahrij, 222–4
near Mudowwara, 268–9
at Kilometre 589, 276
at Ramleh, 312
at Nasib, 327
at Kilometre149, 328
Mint, The(Lawrence), 350
Miranshah, Afghanistan, 372
al-Misri, Azia ‘Ali, 168
Mohammad, Prophet, 53, 173
Moreton cemetery, 377
Morris, Jan, 21
Morris, William Henry (Lord Nuffield), 21, 35, 43–4, 139
Morrison, Walter, 101
Mousa, Suleiman, 246, 305
ibn Mubeiriq, Sheikh Hussain, 164, 175
Mudahrij, Lawrence at, 222–4
Mudowwara
raid on, 254–72
Lawrence’s choice of, 264
attack on, 266–71
al-Mukhlis, Maulud, 181, 183, 192
Murphy, Lieutenant, 322
Murray, Sir Archibald, 148–9, 169, 352
Murray, Edward, 367
Murray, General, 171, 189–90
Feisal writing to, 195–6
Aqaba and, 228
Musil, Alois, 275
Muttar, 154
an-Nahabi, ‘Abdallah, 297
Nahi Bey
homosexual rape at Dara’a, 283–4
as pederast, 285
Nakhl Mubarak, battle at, 194–5
Naqab ash-Shtar, 275
Nasib, railway at, 327
Nasir, Sharif, 334
and attack on Aqaba, 231
search for Gasim, 237
and capture of Tafilah, 299–300
Necho, Pharaoh, 81
Nelson, Flight-Lieutenant, 362
New, E.H., 61
Newcombe, Captain Stewart, 115, 116, 118, 129, 132, 133, 138, 190
Nicolson, Sir Harold, 19
Nietzsche, 19
Nineveh, excavation of, 23
Nixon, Sir John, 143
nobility, ideas of, 110
Nuffield, Lord (William Henry Morris), 21, 35, 43–4, 139
Nural-Bahr(ship), 209
Obeyd, Sheikh, 176–8
Ocampo, Victoria, 15, 16
Odeh, Reverend Nasar, 61
Odyssey, translation of, 374
Officers’ Training Corps, Oxford University, 58
‘Old Man’, invention of, 367–71
‘Old Syria’, Lawrence and, 240
Oman, Sir Charles, 41
Operation Hedgehog, 263
Orientalism, 112
Othman (‘Farraj’)
meets Lawrence, 232–4
death of, 308–9
Ottoman Empire
beginning of end, 49
entering war, 122
war declared on Britain, 127
Owen, Wilfred, 146
Oxford, 21, 38–48, 55–60, 75–9
family move to, 10
Dahoum at, 109–11
Hammoudi at, 109–11
pain, fear of, 17–18
Parker, Lieutenant-Colonel A.C., 141–2, 166, 172
Peace Conference, Paris, 343–58
Peake, Fred, 311, 321, 322
Pearson, Major Hugh, 207
Petra, 119
Petrie, Professor Flinders, 59, 94
Philby, St John, 350
Pilgrim Road, 279
Pirie-Gordon, Harry, 61
Pisani, Captain, 263, 319, 324
Poole, Reginald Lane, 41, 77
Portrait of Gray(Scott Tuke), painting, 33
press (media), 351
printing, 44–5
Prys-Jones, A.G., 41
‘Purity Campaign’, 9
Qadesh Barnea, 116
al-Qadi, Dakhilallah, 218–19, 221
at Mudahrij, 223
al-Qadi, Mohammad, 220
al-Qadir, ‘Abd, 278
desertion of, 279
Qusayma, 115–16
Raas Baalbek, 244, 246
Rabegh, 164–5, 176, 196–8
danger to, 168–9
Rajputana(ship), 373
rape, at Dara’a, 282–95
ar-Rashid, Hirun, 53
ibn Rashid, 136, 234
Raswan, Carl, 245
Raven(ship), 196
Rawlinson, General, 123
Reinach, Salomon, 78
reverse exhibitionism, 43, 360
Revolt in the Desert(Lawrence), 349
Reynolds-Ball, E.A., 61
Rhys, Sir John, 61, 72
Richards, Vyvyan, 36, 42–4, 57, 114, 120
and homosexuality, 233
on Raas Baalbek visit, 246
on cruelty, 333
‘Rightly Minded Caliphs’, 53
ar-Rikabi, ‘Ali Ridha Pasha, 245, 337
Robertson, General, 169, 260
Rolfe, F.W., 26
Rolls, S.C., 311, 322, 323
Roots of the Mountains, The(Morris), 45–6
Rosetta Stone, 80
Ross, John Hume, Lawrence as, 359–60
Ross, Major, 196
Royal Air Force, 319, 359–66, 372, 375
Royal Garrison Artillery, 32, 33
Ruskin, John, 40, 55–6
sadism, 332
Safed, 63
Safita, castle of, 67
Sahyun, castle of, 67
as-Sa’id, Mohammad, 339
as-Sa’id, Nuri, 164, 315, 319, 322, 325, 338
ibn Sa’ud, 136
ibn Salem, Mohammad, 275
Salih, Sheikh, 200
Sannaiyat, battle at, 147
Sardast, Rasim, 194, 210, 301
Sargon the Assyrian, 81
scars, claims of, 294–5
Scott-Higgins, 321, 322
Selim the Grim, Sultan, 54, 117
Senussi, 164
Seven Pillars of Wisdom(Lawrence), 167, 178, 179, 181, 211–12, 213
‘Ali and Othman in, 232
and search for Gasim, 237
and deception of Arabs, 241
al-Bakri in, 242
on Raas Baalbek visit, 246
Sinai crossing in, 255
and attack on Mudowwara, 267–8
and rape at Dara’a, 282–95
lying and truth in, 292–4
and personal bodyguard, 296
and Tafilah, 302
writing of, 346–51
sexual morals, ‘Purity Campaign’ and, 9
ash-Sha’alan, Nuri, 227, 245, 317
ash-Sha’alan, Trad, 324
Shah, Jemadar Hassan, 279
Shakir, Sharif, 218, 219–20
Shallala (Lawrence’s Spring), 265
Shararat, 154
Sharraf, Sharif, 192
Shaw, Charlotte, 17, 45, 56, 76, 247, 294, 295, 310, 361, 371
Shaw, George Bernard, 37, 291, 349, 354, 362, 363
Shaw, T.E., Lawrence as, 367
Sidon, 64
Simpson, Colin, 370
Sinai, 115–27, 259–60
traverse of, 254–60
Slieve Foy(ship), 253
Smith, George, 78, 80
Snow, John, 29
socialism, 78
speed, importance of, 374
sporting prowess, role of, 24–5
Staples, George, 335
Stevenson, Robert Louis, 9
Stewart, Desmond, 76
Stirling, Major Frank, 255, 272
and rape at Dara’a, 285
at Dara’a, 336
St Martin’s Church, Wareham, 377
Stones of Venice, The(Ruskin), 40
Storrs, Ronald, 35, 129, 168–70, 172–3, 291
‘Abdallah and, 126
relationship with Lawrence, 133–4
Hussain’s letter and, 140
and cowardice of Bedu, 195
Strange Case of Dr jekyll and Mr Hyde, The(Stevenson), 9
Suez Canal, 115, 126, 134
Jamal Pasha’s attack on, 138
suicide, 372
Sulayman the Magnificent, 54
Swann, Air Vice-Marshal Sir Oliver, 364
Swinburne, Algernon, 76
Sydney Smith, Clare, 27, 42, 56, 347
Sykes-Picot agreement, 143, 210, 240, 245, 317, 343
Syria
and Oxford, 55–74
and Britain, 109–114
division of, 344
Tafas
massacre at, 313–14, 330–34
in Seven Pillars, 333
Tafilah, 299–310
Ta’if, 160–62
Taleb, Sayid, 145
Tel Ahmar, 90
Tel ash-Shahm, 310–12
Tel ash-Shehab
attack on, 278–9, 279–81
bridge at, 326–7
Tennyson, Alfred Lord, 28
Thesiger, Wilfred
on homosexuality, 233–4
on cruelty, 332
Thomas, Lowell, 241, 354
lecturing on Lawrence, 351–2
Tigris Corps, 147
Towayha, as raiders, 226–7
Townshend, Major-General Sir
Charles, 143, 148
Trenchard, Lord, 359, 360
as father-figure, 14
Tuke, Henry Scott, 26, 33
Turkey, coup d’йtat in, 49
Twenty-Seven Articles(Lawrence), 208
al-‘Ula, assault on, 229 ‘Umayyads, 53
Umm Surab, 327
Umm Tayeh, 322, 323
Uranians, 26, 233
Urfa, 69–71
‘Utayba, 154
Vehib Bey, 124, 136
vengeance, Bedu and, 154
Vickery, Major Charles, 199, 201–2
and capture of Aqaba, 228
Victoria Cross, 247
Vilayet system, 123–4
von Stotzingen, Baron Othmar, 157
Wadi ‘Ais, 204–25
Wadi Hafira, 273
Wadi Hamdh, 204–25
Wadi Ithm, 118
Wadi Khitan, shooting at, 211–14
Wadi Musa, 299
Wadi Rum, Lawrence at, 265
Wadi Safra, capture of, 191
Wahid, Haj, 81, 92, 93, 94, 97, 104–5
and malaria, 101
Wasta, 180
Wavell, A.P., 298
Wejh, 189–203
Wemyss, Admiral, 189–90, 199, 202
‘White Man’s Burden’, 86, 112
White, Stephen, 287
Who’s Who, Lawrence in, 352
Wilde, Oscar, 26–7
Wilderness of Zin, The(Lawrence and
Woolley), 122
will-power, 16
Williams, A.T.P., 42, 46
Williamson, Henry, 375, 376
Wilson, Lieutenant-Colonel Cyril, 165, 168–70
and attack on Aqaba, 231
Wilson, Jeremy, 76, 291, 296
rape at Dara’a and, 297–8
Wilson, President, 345
Wingate, Sir Reginald, 133, 159, 165, 189–90
Winterton, Lord, 319, 328–9
With Lawrence in Arabia(Thomas), 372
Wood, Lieutenant, 277
Wool Hospital, 377
Woolley, Leonard, 39, 84, 86, 95–6, 105, 106, 115, 121, 132, 138, 208
as director at Carchemish, 93
at Birejik, 100
Yahya, Imam, 136
Yanbu’, and Wejh, 189–203
Yarmuk operation, and Dara’a
incident, 273–98
Yeats-Brown, Francis, 37
Yells, Sergeant, 264, 269, 270–71, 271
Young Turks’ revolution, 49–54
Young, Captain Hubert, 111, 145, 162, 292, 297
lying and truth about, 288
as understudy of Lawrence, 315
quarrel with Lawrence, 316, 322, 324
and train explosions, 326
and honours, 343
Younghusband, General, 147
Zaki Bey, 183
Zakkari, Ahmad, 121
Zayd, Sharif, 164–5, 191, 300, 306–7, 344
CONTENTS
List of Plates
List of Maps
Introduction: The Valley of the Moon
PART ONE: THE WANDERER, 1888–1916
1. Apparent Queen Unveiled Her Peerless Light
2. Dominus Illuminatio Mea
3. Nothing Which Qualified Him to be an Ordinary Member of Society
4. The Sultan Drank Tea as Usual
5. A Rather Remarkable Young Man
6. Mr Hogarth is Going Digging
7. The Baron in the Feudal System
8. Peace in Mesopotamia Such as Has Not Been Seen for Generations
9. The Insurance People Have Nailed Me Down
10. Cairo is Unutterable Things
PART TWO: THE WARRIOR, 1916–1918
11. The Biggest Thing in the Near East Since 1550
12. Fallen Like a Sword into Their Midst
13. Not an Army But a World is Moving upon Wejh
14. I Do Not Suppose Any Englishman Before Ever Had Such a Place
15. It is Not Known What are the Present Whereabouts of Captain Lawrence
16. An Amateurish Buffalo-Billy Sort of Performance
17. Ahmad ibn Baqr, a Circassian from Qunaytra
18. The Most Ghastly Material to Build into a Design
19. My Dreams Puffed out Like Candles in the Strong Wind of Success
PART THREE :THE MAGICIAN, 1918–1935
20. Colonel Lawrence Still Goes on; Only I Have Stepped Out of the Way
21. In Speed We Hurl Ourselves Beyond the Body
Acknowledgements
Notes on the Text
Bibliography
Index
LIST OF PLATES
COLOUR PHOTOGRAPHS
Photography by Mariantonietta Peru
1. Lawrence’s Spring, Jordan
2. Pharaoh’s Island, off Sinai
3. Ruins of a traditional house, Yanbu’, Saudi Arabia
4. Ruins of mud houses, Hamra village, Saudi Arabia
5. Fallen locomotive, Hediyya station, Saudi Arabia
6. Hediyya bridge
7. Guweira plain from the Nagb ash-Shtar pass, Jordan
8. Atwi station, Jordan
9. Tent in the Wadi Rum, Jordan
10. Howaytat woman, Wadi Rum
11. The author with Sabah ibn ‘Iid at Mudowwara well, Jordan
12. Loading a camel, Mudowwara well, Jordan
13. Wrecked railway wagon, Mudowwara
14. Bedui filling a waterskin
15. Bedui of the Haywat, Jordan
BLACK AND WHITE
1. T. E. Lawrence aged about ten or eleven, a studio photograph in Oxford, c.1900
2. Sarah Lawrence with her children, in the porch of their home at Fawley, c.1894
3. The City of Oxford High School for Boys. Lawrence surrounded by his form mates and their teacher, c.1900
4. Portrait of Grayby Henry Scott Tuke
5. In the summer of 1909 Lawrence visited Kala’at al-Husn (Crak des Chevaliers)
6. The castle of Sahyun
7. The Norman keep at Safita, and Harran
8. Lawrence with Leonard Woolley at Carchemish
9. Carchemish
10. Salim Ahmad, nicknamed Dahoum, and Sheikh Hammoudi at Carchemish, 1911
11. Workmen at Carchemish, 1911
12. Lawrence in Arab dress
13. Lieut-Col. Stewart Newcombe, Royal Engineers
14. Camels, as ridden by Lawrence
15. Sharif ‘Abdallah and Ronald Storrs at Jeddah, October 1916
16. Sharif Feisal’s army falling back on Yanbu’ on the coast of the Red Sea, December 1916
17. Feisal’s camp at dawn, December 1916
18 and 19. Feisal and his army captured Wejh in January 1917 and made it their headquarters for the next six months
20. Auda Abu Tayyi and his kinsmen, photographed by Lawrence in May 1917
21. Auda and Sharif Nasir at Wadi Sirhan, June 1917
22. Mohammad adh-Dhaylan with other Howaytat tribesmen
23. A Turkish patrol repairing a stretch of railway track near Ma’an
24. The bridge at Tel ash-Shehab
25. Nasib al-Bakri, one of the founders of the Arab Revolt
26. Dakhilallah al-Qadi, hereditary law-giver of the Juhayna
27. The capture of Aqaba, 6 July 1917, photographed by Lawrence
28. Aqaba fort from inland
29. The interior of Aqaba fort
30. Ja’afar Pasha, Feisal and Pierce Joyce at Wadi Quntilla, August 1917
31. Nuri as-Sa’id
32. The gate tower at Azraq
33. Turkish prisoners near Tafilah fort, January 1918
34. Sharif Zayd and other Arab leaders with captured Austrian guns at Tafilah
35. Lawrence at the army headquarters in Cairo, 1918
36. General Allenby stepping out of his armoured car in Damascus, 3 October 1918
37. The Hejaz Camel Corps rounding up Bedouin pillagers after the capture of Damascus, 2 October 1918
38. Lawrence by Augustus John, 1919
39. Feisal, photographed at the same time
40. Gertrude Bell, Sir Herbert Samuel, Lawrence and Sharif ‘Abdallah in 41. Amman, April 1921
41. Lawrence by William Roberts, 1922
42. Lawrence as Private T. E. Shaw of the Royal Tank Corps.
43. Lawrence’s 1000cc Brough Superior motorcycle
44. The music room at Clouds Hill
45. Lawrence’s funeral at Moreton church in Dorset
46. Lawrence’s effigy in the old Anglo-Saxon church of St Martin at Wareham in Dorset
ILLUSTRATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The author and publishers are grateful to the following for permission to reproduce black and white photographs:
The Lawrence Estate and the Bodleian Library, Oxford, for nos. 1, 2, 3, 42, 43
The Trustees of the Imperial War Museum, London, for nos. 8–20, 22–24, 26–34, 36, 37, 40
The National Trust Photographic Library for no. 4
The Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives, King’s College, London, for nos. 5, 6, 7, 21, 25, 35, 39, 44
St Martin’s, Wareham, for no. 46 (both photographs)
The National Portrait Gallery, London, for no. 38
The Visitors of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, for no. 41
LIST OF MAPS
1. General map of Greater Syria in 1909
2. Hejaz Operations, 1916-17
3. Syrian Operations, 1917-18
4. Medina, 1916
