Текст книги "Английский язык с Робинзоном Крузо"
Автор книги: Илья Франк
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Языкознание
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As for my pens, ink, and paper, I took the greatest care of them (я очень заботился о них). As long as my ink lasted (пока мои чернила были; to last — продолжаться , сохраняться), I wrote down everything that happened to me (я записывал все, что происходило со мной).
But when that was gone (но когда это кончилось), I could write no more for I did not know how to make ink (не мог больше писать, так как не знал, как делать чернила).
I soon found that I needed many things to make me comfortable (вскоре обнаружил, что мне нужно было много вещей, чтобы устроиться удобно, обеспечить комфорт).
First, I wanted a chair and a table (во-первых, я хотел стул и стол); for without them I must live like a savage (так как без них я должен жить, как дикарь).
So I set to work (принялся за работу). I had never handled a tool in my life (никогда не управлялся с инструментами в моей жизни). But I had a saw (пилу), an ax (топор), and several hatchets (несколько топориков, резаков); and I soon learned to use them all (вскоре научился пользоваться ими всеми).
If I wanted a board (доску), I had to chop down a tree (должен был срубить дерево). From the trunk (из ствола) of the tree I cut a log (бревно) of the length that my board was to be. Then I split the log (раскалывал бревно) and hewed it flat till it was as thin as a board (и обрубал его плоско, пока оно не было тонким, как доска).
All this took time and much hard work (все это занимало время и /требовало/ много тяжелой работы). But I had nothing else to do (не было ничего другого, чем заняться).
I made the table and chair out of short pieces of board (из коротких обрубков доски) I had brought from the ship (/которые/ я принес с корабля).
Of the large boards which I hewed from trees (из больших досок, которые я вырубил из деревьев), I made some wide shelves (широкие полки) along the side of my cave or kitchen (вдоль стен моей пещеры и кухни).
On these shelves I laid my tools, nails, and other things (положил мои инструменты, гвозди и другие вещи).
I had a place for everything (место для всего), and kept everything in its place (держал все на своем месте).
My cave looked like some stores you have seen where a little of everything is kept for sale (моя пещера выглядела как некоторые магазины/склады, которые вы видели, где всего понемногу хранится на продажу).
From time to time I made many useful things (время от времени я делал много полезных вещей).
From a piece of hard wood (из куска крепкой древесины) that I cut in the forest (которую я срезал в лесу) I made a spade to dig with (я сделал лопату, которой /можно/ копать, чтобы копать). The handle I shaped (ручке я придал форму) just like the handles you buy at the stores (совсем как ручки, /которые/ вы покупаете в магазинах). But the shovel part (лопатная часть) was of wood and would not last long (не продержалась бы долго).
While I was digging my cave (пока я копал пещеру), I found it very hard work to carry the earth and small stones away (я обнаружил, что очень тяжело таскать землю и маленькие камни). I needed a wheelbarrow very much (мне очень нужна была тачка).
I could make the frame part of this (я мог сделать каркас из этого), but I did not know how to make the wheel (колесо). I worked four days at it (четыре дня над этим), and then had to give it up (должен был бросить это, отказаться от этого).
At last I made me a kind of hod (подобие лотка /для подноса кирпичей/), like that which masons use (такие как каменотесы используют). It was better than a basket (лучше, чем ведро) and almost as good as a wheelbarrow (и почти такое же хорошее, как тачка).
wonder [wΛndə] hew [hju:] Bible [baibl]
I KEEP MYSELF BUSY
AMONG the things that I brought from the ship there were several which I have not told you about. I will name them now. First I got from the captain's desk some pens, ink, and paper. These were afterward a great comfort to me, as you shall learn.
There were some charts and compasses, and three or four books on navigation. These I threw in a corner, for I did not think I should ever need them.
Among my own things there were three very old Bibles, which I had bought in England and had packed with my clothing.
And I must not forget the dog and two cats that came to shore with me. I carried both the cats on my raft with my first cargo.
As for the dog, he jumped off the wreck and swam to the shore. He was my best friend for a long time. He followed me everywhere. He would run and fetch things to me as I bade him. I wanted him to talk to me, but this he could not do.
As for my pens, ink, and paper, I took the greatest care of them. As long as my ink lasted, I wrote down everything that happened to me.
But when that was gone, I could write no more for I did not know how to make ink.
I soon found that I needed many things to make me comfortable.
First, I wanted a chair and a table; for without them I must live like a savage.
So I set to work. I had never handled a tool in my life. But I had a saw, an ax, and several, hatchets; and I soon learned to use them all.
If I wanted a board, I had to chop down a tree. From the trunk of the tree I cut a log of the length that my board was to be. Then I split the log and hewed it flat till it was as thin as a board.
All this took time and much hard work. But I had nothing else to do.
I made the table and chair out of short pieces of board I had brought from the ship.
Of the large boards which I hewed from trees, I made some wide shelves along the side of my cave or kitchen.
On these shelves I laid my tools, nails, and other things.
I had a place for everything, and kept everything in its place.
My cave looked like some stores you have seen where a little of everything is kept for sale.
From time to time I made many useful things.
From a piece of hard wood that I cut in the forest I made a spade to dig with. The handle I shaped just like the handles you buy at the stores. But the shovel part was of wood and would not last long.
While I was digging my cave, I found it very hard work to carry the earth and small stones away. I needed a wheelbarrow very much.
I could make the frame part of this, but I did not know how to make the wheel. I worked four days at it, and then had to give it up.
At last I made me a kind of hod, like that which masons use. It was better than a basket and almost as good as a wheelbarrow.
I HAVE A GREAT FRIGHT ( я имею большой страх )
THE very next day after my cave was finished (на следующий день после /того как/ моя пещера была закончена) a frightful thing happened (страшная вещь случилась). I came near losing everything and my own life as well (я подошел близко = был на грани потери всего и моей жизни также).
I will tell you about it.
I was busy behind my tent (занят за навесом) when I heard a fearful noise (страшный шум) above my head (над головой). Before I could look up (посмотреть вверх), a great load of earth and stones came tumbling down (большой вес = куча земли и камней повалилась вниз).
It was a wonder that I was not buried alive (было чудо, что я не был похоронен заживо). I was scared (испуган), for I thought the whole top of the cave was falling in (так как подумал, что вся верхушка пещеры падала).
I ran out and climbed over my wall (выбежал и залез на стену). The great rock behind my castle seemed to be shaking (большая скала за замком, казалось, тряслась). Stones and earth were rolling down its side (катились вниз по ее склону).
"An earthquake! an earthquake (землетрясение)!" I cried.
The ground shook (земля затряслась). A tall rock (высокий камень) that stood between me and the seashore toppled over and fell (который стоял между мной и морским берегом, перевернулся и упал). The noise was the most frightful I ever heard (самым страшным, какой я когда-либо слышал).
There were three shocks (три тряски) about eight minutes apart (около восьми минут между = с перерывом в восемь минут). The strongest building you ever saw would have been overturned (самое крепкое здание, какое вы когда-либо видели, было бы перевернуто).
I was so frightened that I did not know what to do (был так напуган, что не знал, что делать). I sat on the ground and could not move (сел на землю и не мог пошевелиться). I could only cry, over and over again (мог только плакать, опять и опять), "Lord, have mercy on me (Господи, имей жалость ко мне)!"
After the third shock was over I began to grow braver (после /того, как/ третий толчок закончился, я начал становиться смелее). But still I sat on the ground, wondering what would come next (думая, что произойдет потом).
All at once the sky was overcast (небо было закрыто). Dark clouds rolled over the sea (темные облака набежали над морем). The wind began to blow (ветер начал дуть). A dreadful hurricane was at hand (смертельный ураган был близок).
The sea was covered with foam (покрыто пеной). The waves were mountain high (с гору высотой). On the shore, trees were torn up by the roots (деревья были вывернуты с корнем). If my tent had not been well sheltered behind the great rock (если бы мой навес не был хорошо укрыт за большой скалой), it would have been carried away (был бы снесен).
The hurricane lasted fully three hours (ураган длился полных три часа). Then the rain began to pour down (дождь начал лить).
All this time I sat on the ground outside, too much frightened to go back into my castle (все это время я сидел на земле снаружи, слишком сильно напуганный, чтобы вернуться назад в мой замок).
Toward night the rain slackened (к ночи дождь ослаб), and I ventured over my wall (отважился перелезть через стену). The tent was half beaten down (навес был наполовину снесен). So I crept through into the cave (пробрался в пещеру). I was half afraid that even it would tumble down on my head (я был наполовину напуган = немного опасался, что даже это могло упасть на мою голову).
damage [dæmidʒ] ground [graund] earthquake [‘ə:θkweik]
I HAVE A GREAT FRIGHT
THE very next day after my cave was finished a frightful thing happened. I came near losing everything and my own life as well. I will tell you about it.
I was busy behind my tent when I heard a fearful noise above my head. Before I could look up, a great load of earth and stones came tumbling down.
It was a wonder that I was not buried alive. I was scared, for I thought the whole top of the cave was falling in.
I ran out and climbed over my wall. The great rock behind my castle seemed to be shaking. Stones and earth were rolling down its side.
"An earthquake! an earthquake!" I cried.
The ground shook. A tall rock that stood between me and the seashore toppled over and fell. The noise was the most frightful I ever heard.
There were three shocks about eight minutes apart. The strongest building you ever saw would have been overturned.
I was so frightened that I did not know what to do. I sat on the ground and could not move. I could only cry, over and over again, "Lord, have mercy on me!"
After the third shock was over I began to grow braver. But still I sat on the ground, wondering what would come next.
All at once the sky was overcast. Dark clouds rolled over the sea. The wind began to blow. A dreadful hurricane was at hand.
The sea was covered with foam. The waves were mountain high. On the shore, trees were torn up by the roots. If my tent had not been well sheltered behind the great rock, it would have been carried away.
The hurricane lasted fully three hours. Then the rain began to pour down.
All this time I sat on the ground outside, too much frightened to go back into my castle.
Toward night the rain slackened, and I ventured over my wall. The tent was half beaten down. So I crept through into the cave. I was half afraid that even it would tumble down on my head.
I EXPLORE MY ISLAND ( исследую свой остров )
IT rained all that night (шел дождь всю ночь). But in the cave everything was warm and dry (но в пещере все было теплым и сухим), and little by little I lost my fear (мало-помалу утратил свой страх).
The earthquake and the hurricane had done great damage to my castle (причинили большой ущерб моему замку). I had to work hard for many days (должен был усиленно трудиться много дней) to put things to rights again (чтобы привести все в порядок).
I had now been on the island about ten months (был уже на острове около десяти месяцев). In all that time I had seen only a small part of it (за все это время я видел только малую часть его).
One morning I set out with my gun on my shoulder for a long walk (одним утром пустился с ружьем на плече на длительную прогулку).
I went up the little river (прошел вверх вдоль маленькой реки) where I had first landed with my rafts (где я впервые причаливал с моими плотами). I found that it was a very short river (я обнаружил, что это была очень короткая река). After about two miles (через примерно две мили), the tide did not flow any higher (прилив не приливал выше); and above that (кроме того), the stream was only a little brook of fresh water (над этим /местом/ поток был только маленьким ручьем пресной воды).
Along the brook there were pleasant meadows (красивые луга), covered with high grass (покрытые высокой травой).
In the dryer parts of these meadows (в более сухих частях этих лугов) I found tobacco growing wild (нашел табак, растущий диким = дикорастущий табак).
I looked for the roots of a plant which the Indians use instead of bread (искал корни растения, которое индейцы используют вместо хлеба), but could find none (не мог найти ни одного).
In one place, however (однако), I saw many tall sugar canes (много высоких /растений/ сахарного тростника) and some fair-looking plants of a kind that was strange to me (несколько красиво выглядящих растений вида, который был незнаком мне).
As I went back to my castle I wondered how I could learn something useful about the many objects I had seen (пока я шел обратно в мой замок, я думал, как я мог узнать что-то полезное о многих объектах, /которые/ я видел). But I had never taken much thought about such things (но я никогда много не думал об этих вещах), and now I had but little chance to learn (и теперь я имел лишь маленький шанс = не имел особой возможности узнать).
The next day I went up the same way, but much farther (на следующий день я пошел по тому же пути, но намного дальше).
Beyond the meadows (за лугами) I came to some beautiful woods (красивые леса).
Here I found several different kinds of fruits (несколько разных видов фруктов). There were grapevines covering the trees (были виноградные лозы, покрывающие деревья), and huge clusters of ripe grapes were hanging from them (огромные гроздья зрелого винограда свисали с них).
I was very glad of this (очень рад этому). I made up my mind to come another day (в другой день) and gather some of this fruit (собрать какие-то из этих фруктов). I would dry the grapes in the sun (я бы высушил = высушу виноград на солнце), and have some raisins (и имел бы = получу изюм).
Night came on (ночь пришла) while I was still in the woods (пока я все еще был в лесу), and I could not do better than stay there till morning (не мог сделать ничего лучше, как остаться там до утра). So I climbed into a tree and slept there quite well (залез на дерево и поспал там очень хорошо).
It was the first night that I had spent away from home (была первая ночь, которую я провел вне дома).
The next day I went on through the woods for nearly four miles (я прошел по лесу почти четыре мили).
At last I came to an open space where the land sloped to the west (наконец я пришел к открытому пространству, где земля клонилась к западу). The country was so fresh and green that it looked like a big garden (местность была такой свежей и зеленой, что выглядела, как большой сад).
I went down into a pleasant valley (красивую долину) where there were many beautiful trees (где было много прекрасных деревьев). There I found oranges, lemons, limes, and citrons (апельсины, лаймы /маленькие зеленые лимончики/, лимоны), besides many grapes (помимо множества винограда).
I loaded myself with fruit and started homeward (нагрузился фруктами и начал /идти/ домой). "I must come again and bring a sack (принести мешок)," I said.
It was three days before I reached my castle (только через три дня я достиг дома: «замка»). By that time the fruit had lost all its flavor (к тому времени фрукты потеряли весь свой вкус).
The next day I went back to the same valley (вернулся в ту же самую долину). I carried two small sacks to bring home my harvest (я нес два маленьких мешка, чтобы принести домой мой урожай).
But I found many of the grapevines torn down (обнаружил многие лозы сорванными; to tear down — срывать , разрушать). The fruit was scattered on the ground (плоды были разбросаны по земле). Some had been eaten (некоторые были съедены). Some had been trodden to pieces (растоптаны на куски).
A wild animal had been there (дикое животное было там). Perhaps it was a goat (возможно, коза), perhaps it was a larger beast (большее животное). Perhaps several animals had done the mischief (повреждение).
valley [‘væli] meadow [‘medəu] hurricane [‘hΛrikən]
I EXPLORE MY ISLAND
IT rained all that night. But in the cave everything was warm and dry, and little by little I lost my fear. The earthquake and the hurricane had done great damage to my castle. I had to work hard for many days to put things to rights again.
I had now been on the island about ten months. In all that time I had seen only a small part of it .
One morning I set out with my gun on my shoulder for a long walk.
I went up the little river where I had first landed with my rafts. I found that it was a very short river. After about two miles, the tide did not flow any higher; and above that, the stream was only a little brook of fresh water.
Along the brook there were pleasant meadows, covered with high grass.
In the dryer parts of these meadows I found tobacco growing wild.
I looked for the roots of a plant which the Indians use instead of bread, but could find none.
In one place, however, I saw many tall sugar canes and some fair-looking plants of a kind that was strange to me.
As I went back to my castle I wondered how I could learn something useful about the many objects I had seen. But I had never taken much thought about such things, and now I had but little chance to learn.
The next day I went up the same way, but much farther.
Beyond the meadows I came to some beautiful woods.
Here I found several different kinds of fruits. There were grapevines covering the trees, and huge clusters of ripe grapes were hanging from them.
I was very glad of this. I made up my mind to come another day and gather some of this fruit. I would dry the grapes in the sun, and have some raisins.
Night came on while I was still in the woods, and I could not do better than stay there till morning. So I climbed into a tree and slept there quite well.
It was the first night that I had spent away from home.
The next day I went on through the woods for nearly four miles.
At last I came to an open space where the land sloped to the west. The country was so fresh and green that it looked like a big garden.
I went down into a pleasant valley where there were many beautiful trees. There I found oranges, lemons, limes, and citrons, besides many grapes.
I loaded myself with fruit and started homeward. "I must come again and bring a sack," I said.
It was three days before I reached my castle. By that time the fruit had lost all its flavor.
The next day I went back to the same valley. I carried two small sacks to bring home my harvest.
But I found many of the grapevines torn down. The fruit was scattered on the ground. Some had been eaten. Some had been trodden to pieces.
A wild animal had been there. Perhaps it was a goat, perhaps it was a larger beast. Perhaps several animals had done the mischief.
I GET READY FOR WINTER ( я готовлюсь к зиме )
I WAS so much pleased with the valley I had discovered (я был так доволен этой долиной, /которую/ я открыл) that I spent much of my time there (что я проводил большую часть времени там).
At last I built me a small summer house (наконец я построил себе маленький летний домик) close by a grove of orange trees (близко к роще апельсиновых деревьев).
It was but little more than a bower (чуть больше, чем беседка), made of the branches of trees (сделанная из веток деревьев).
I built a strong fence around it (крепкий забор вокруг него). This was made of two rows of tall stakes (из двух рядов высоких кольев) with brushwood between (с ветками между /ними/).
There was no gate in this fence (не было ворот в этом заборе), but only a short ladder (только короткая лестница), just as at my castle (совсем как в моем замке).
Here I sometimes stayed two or three nights together (здесь я иногда оставался на две или три ночи кряду).
I gathered about two hundred clusters of grapes and hung them up to dry (собрал почти двести гроздьев винограда и повесил сушиться). In due time (в должное время) they made the finest of raisins (из них сделался самый вкусный изюм). I took them down and carried them to my castle (я собрал их и отнес в мой замок).
Thus little by little I gathered food for winter (мало-помалу я собрал еду на зиму).
The winters there were not cold. But the rain fell every day (дождь падал = шел каждый день), and often all the day (и часто весь день).
I had just finished my bower (только что закончил беседку), and was beginning to enjoy myself when the rainy season or winter, began (и начал наслаждаться, когда = как сезон дождей, или зима, начался).
What could I do but hurry back to my castle and its dry, warm cave (что я мог сделать, кроме как поторопиться обратно в замок и в его сухую, теплую пещеру)?
For weeks I could not stir out without getting wet (не мог выйти, не намокнув; to stir — шевелиться , двигаться). My store of food began to grow small (мои запасы еды начали сокращаться).
One day, in spite of the rain (несмотря на дождь), I went out and killed a goat (вышел и убил козу). The next day I found a very large turtle among the rocks (нашел очень большую черепаху среди камней).
This was all good luck (это все была удача), for I had now enough to eat for many a day (так как у меня было достаточно /всего/ поесть на много дней).
My meals were simple and plain (мои блюда были простыми и несложными).
For breakfast (на завтрак), I had a bunch of raisins and a bit of biscuit (горсть изюма и кусок печенья).
For dinner (на обед), I had broiled turtle (вареную черепаху). I could not have turtle soup (суп из черепахи), for I had no vessel in which to cook it (так как не имел сосуда, в котором приготовить его).
For supper (на ужин), I ate two or three turtle's eggs (черепашьих яйца).
Although I was kept close indoors by the rain (хотя я содержался внутри из-за дождя), I was never idle (я никогда не был без дела; idle — праздный).
Every day I worked at making my cave larger (каждый день я работал /над тем, чтобы/ сделать мою пещеру больше). I dug far in (копал дальше), behind the rock (за скалу), and made a fine, large room there (и сделал красивую, большую комнату там).
Then I made another door or way out (дверь или выход), which opened on the outside of my wall (которая открывалась снаружи моей стены). So now I could come into the castle through the cellar (мог входить в замок через подвал), or kitchen (или кухню), and without climbing the ladder (не взбираясь по лестнице).
This was much handier and easier than the other way (намного удобнее и легче, чем наоборот). But it did not seem so safe (не казалось таким безопасным). I feared now lest some wild beast might get into my house (я боялся, как бы дикие животные не смогли попасть в мой дом); and yet the biggest animal (хотя самым большим животным) I had seen on the island was a goat (/которое/ я видел на острове, была коза).
Soon after this I put a roof over my whole inclosure (скоро после этого я поместил крышу над всем своим убежищем). I took a number of long poles for rafters (несколько длинных шестов в качестве стропил) and laid one end of each on the wall (положил один конец каждого /стропила/ на стену), while the other end leaned against the rock above the cave (когда другой конец опирался на стену над пещерой).
These I covered with boughs of trees (ветками деревьев), long grass (длинной травой), and such other things as I could get (и такими другими вещами, которые мог достать). In this way I made a very good roof which turned the rain and kept everything dry (так я сделал очень хорошую крышу, которая отклоняла = защищала от дождя и сохраняла все сухим).
My castle was now a very roomy place (очень просторным местом). It was quite warm and dry even in the worst of weather (довольно теплым и сухим даже в самую плохую погоду).
inclosure [ink’ləuʒə] gather [gæðə] orange [‘orindʒ]
I GET READY FOR WINTER
I WAS so much pleased with the valley I had discovered that I spent much of my time there. At last I built me a small summer house close by a grove of orange trees.
It was but little more than a bower, made of the branches of trees.
I built a strong fence around it. This was made of two rows of tall stakes with brushwood between.
There was no gate in this fence, but only a short ladder, just as at my castle.
Here I sometimes stayed two or three nights together.
I gathered about two hundred clusters of grapes and hung them up to dry. In due time they made the finest of raisins. I took them down and carried them to my castle.
Thus little by little I gathered food for winter.
The winters there were not cold. But the rain fell every day, and often all the day.
I had just finished my bower, and was beginning to enjoy myself when the rainy season, or winter, began.
What could I do but hurry back to my castle and its dry, warm cave?
For weeks I could not stir out without getting wet. My store of food began to grow small.
One day, in spite of the rain, I went out and killed a goat. The next day I found a very large turtle among the rocks.
This was all good luck, for I had now enough to eat for many a day.
My meals were simple and plain.
For breakfast, I had a bunch of raisins and a bit of biscuit.
For dinner, I had broiled turtle. I could not have turtle soup, for I had no vessel in which to cook it.
For supper, I ate two or three turtle's eggs.
Although I was kept close indoors by the rain, I was never idle.
Every day I worked at making my cave larger. I dug far in, behind the rock, and made a fine, large room there.
Then I made another door or way out, which opened on the outside of my wall. So now I could come into the castle through the cellar, or kitchen, and without climbing the ladder.
This was much handier and easier than the other way. But it did not seem so safe. I feared now lest some wild beast might get into my house; and yet the biggest animal I had seen on the island was a goat.
Soon after this I put a roof over my whole inclosure. I took a number of long poles for rafters and laid one end of each on the wall, while the other end leaned against the rock above the cave.
These I covered with boughs of trees, long grass, and such other things as I could get. In this way I made a very good roof which turned the rain and kept everything dry.
My castle was now a very roomy place. It was quite warm and dry even in the worst of weather.
I MAKE ME A CALENDAR ( делаю себе календарь )
IT was now just one year since I was cast upon this lonely island (сейчас был как раз один год с того времени, когда я был выброшен на этот необитаемый остров).
Do you wonder how I have kept an account of the time (вам интересно, как я вел счет времени)? I will tell you.
A few days after the ship wreck (несколько дней спустя после кораблекрушения) it came into my mind that I should lose track of the days and the seasons (мне пришло в голову, что я могу потерять счет дней и сезонов = времен года). For I had neither almanac nor notebook (так как не имел ни альманаха = календаря, ни записной книжки). It would be hard always to remember the days of the week (было бы трудно всегда помнить дни недели) and I might even forget when it was Sunday (мог бы даже забыть, когда воскресенье).
So I set up a large post by my door (установил большой шест у двери). At the top of this post I cut in large letters these words (на верхушке шеста я вырезал большими буквами эти слова):
I CAME ON SHORE HERE (я высадился на берег здесь)
SEPTEMBER 30, 1659.
Every morning I cut a little notch on the side of the post under these words (вырезал зарубку на боку шеста под этими словами).
Every seventh notch was twice as long as the rest (каждая седьмая зарубка была в два раза длиннее других; rest — остаток , остальное), and this showed me that the day was Sunday.
Every thirtieth notch was longer and broader (каждая тридцатая зарубка была длиннее и шире). This showed me that a full month had gone by (она показывала мне, что целый месяц прошел).
It was thus I made my calendar (вот так я сделал календарь).
One morning I found, on counting up (одним утром я нашел, подсчитывая), that there were three hundred and sixty-five notches (365 зарубок на столбе). I knew, therefore, that it was just one year since my landing (я узнал, таким образом, что прошел уже год со времени моей высадки).
I sat in my castle and thought of the goodness of God in thus keeping me alive (я сидел в моем замке и думал о благодетели Бога /который/ так сохранил мне жизнь) and safe in the midst of so many perils (посреди столь многих опасностей)
I humbled myself (смирился), and thanked him for his many mercies (за многие милости).
For twelve hours I tasted nothing (двенадцать часов я не ел ничего). When, at last, the sun went down, I ate a biscuit and a bunch of grapes and went to bed (когда, наконец, солнце зашло, я съел печенье и гроздь винограда и пошел в постель).
Having now been on the island a whole year (пробыв на острове целый год), I had learned that the seasons there were not the same as in England (я узнал, что времена года не были такими, как в Англии).
They were not to be spoken of as spring, summer, autumn, and winter (не приходилось говорить о весне, лете, осени и зиме). They were rather to be called the wet season and the dry season (скорее их нужно было называть дождливым и сухим сезонами). Indeed, there were two wet seasons and two dry seasons, in the year (в самом деле, было два влажных сезона = сезона дождей и два сухих сезона в году).
