Текст книги "Britain's Royal Families"

Автор книги: Элисон Уир

сообщить о нарушении

Текущая страница: 11 (всего у книги 21 страниц)

PART TWO

The House of Dunkeld

Duncan I

FATHER: Crinan, Lay Abbot of Dunkeld( see here, under Malcolm II).

MOTHER: Bethoc, daughter of Malcolm II.

SIBLINGS: ( see here, under Malcolm II).

DUNCAN I

Known as the Gracious, he was born in c.1001, and became King of Strathclyde in 1018. He succeeded his grandfather, Malcolm II, as King of Scotland on 25 November, 1034, thus becoming the first sovereign of the House of Dunkeld, named after his father’s abbacy. There is no record of his coronation.

Duncan I married, in c.1030 (although no record exists as to where):

Sybilla

She was either the daughter of Bjorn Bearsson and sister of Siward Digera, Earl of Northumbria, or the daughter of Siward by Elfleda, daughter of Ealdred, Earl of Northumbria.

Issue of marriage:

1   Malcolm III( see here).

2   Donald III( see here).

3   Maelmuire

He was born in c.1035.

Maelmuire married a lady about whom no information exists, and had issue:

(i)

Madach

Also known as Matad, he was created Earl of Atholl before 1115 (or later, before 1136?). He died between 1139 and 1159, perhaps in 1152.

Madach married Margaret, daughter of Haakon Paulsson, and had issue:

(a)

Malcolm, Earl of Atholl (

d

.1186/98); he married firstly an unknown lady, and had issue, and secondly, Hextilda, daughter of Huctred of Tynedale by Bethoc, daughter of Donald III.

(b)

Harold, Jarl of Orkney, Earl of Caithness (

d

.1206); he married Afrika, sister of Duncan, Earl of Fife, and had issue. He married secondly Gormlath or Hvarlod, daughter of Malcolm MacHeth, 1st Earl of Ross.

Madach married secondly, in c.1133 (although no record exists as to where):

Margaret

She was the daughter of Haco, Jarl of Orkney. After the death of Madach, she married secondly Erland Ugni, Jarl of Orkney (killed 1156).

4   Daughter( name not known) (?)

Her existence is doubtful. She is said to have married one Bertolf or Bartholemew ( d.1121?), and had issue.

DUNCAN I

He was either murdered by Macbeth, or killed in battle against him, on 14 August, 1040, at Bothganowan (now Pitgaveny), near Elgin, or at Burghead. He was buried on the Isle of Iona.

He was succeeded by his cousin Macbeth.

King Macbeth

FATHER: Finlay MacRory, Mormaer of Moray.

MOTHER: Donada, daughter either of Kenneth II or Malcolm II.

SIBLINGS: ( see here, under Kenneth II).

KING MACBETH

He was born in c.1005, and became Mormaer of Moray around 1029/32. He succeeded Duncan I as King of Scotland on 14 August, 1040. No record exists of his coronation.

Macbeth married, after 1032 (although no record exists as to where):

Gruoch

She was the daughter of Beoedhe, son of Kenneth III. She was born in c.1015. She married firstly Gillacomgain, Mormaer of Moray (burned alive in 1032), and had issue:

(a)King Lulach ( see here).

There was no issue of her marriage to Macbeth.

KING MACBETH

He was killed on 15 August, 1057, at the Battle of Lumphanan, Aberdeenshire, by the future Malcolm III, son of Duncan I, and was buried on the Isle of Iona.

He was succeeded by his stepson Lulach.

King Lulach

FATHER: Gillacomgain, Mormaer of Moray.

MOTHER: Gruoch( see here, under Macbeth).

SIBLINGS: King Lulach did not have any siblings.

KING LULACH

Known as ‘the Simple’, he was born around c.1029/32. He succeeded his stepfather Macbeth as King of Scotland on 15 August, 1057, and was crowned that same month on the Coronation Stone at Scone Abbey, Perthshire. This is the first recorded instance of the coronation of a King of Scotland.

King Lulach married(no record exists of the date or place):

Finnghuala(?)

She was the daughter of Sinill, Mormaer of Angus. Her dates are not recorded.

Issue of marriage:

1   Malsnechtai

He was perhaps created Mormaer of Moray at some stage, although he certainly became a monk later on. He died in 1085.

2   Daughter( name not known)

She married Aedh, Mormaer of Moray, and had issue:

1  Gruaidh; she married William, Lord of Egremont ( see here, under Duncan II.)

2  Angus, King of Moray ( d.1130); he married and had issue.

KING LULACH

He was killed on 17 March, 1058, at Essie in Strathbogie by his distant cousin and successor, Malcolm III. He was buried on the Isle of Iona.

He was succeeded by Malcolm, son of Duncan I.

Malcolm III

FATHER: Duncan I( see here).

MOTHER: Sybilla of Northumbria( see here, under Duncan I).

SIBLINGS: ( see here, under Duncan I).

MALCOLM III

Known as ‘Canmore’ (or ‘Bighead’), he was born in c.1031, and became King of Strathclyde and Prince of Cumbria in 1034. He succeeded Lulach as King of Scotland on 17 March, 1058, and was crowned on 25 April, 1058, at Scone Abbey, Perthshire.

Malcolm III married firstly, in c.1059 or c.1066 (although no record exists as to where):

Ingibiorg

She was the daughter of Finn Arnasson of Vrjar, Jarl of Halland, by Bergljot, daughter of Halfdan Sigurdsson. She married firstly Thorfinn II, Earl of Caithness and Jarl of Orkney (1009–1056/65?), before 1038, and had issue:

1  Paul, Jarl of Orkney ( d.1099); he married an unnamed daughter of Haakon Ivarsson, and had issue.

2  Erlend, Jarl of Orkney ( d.1099); he married Thora, daughter of Somerled Uspaksson, and had issue.

Ingibiorg died before 1070.

Issue of marriage:

1   Duncan II( see here).

2   Malcolm

He died in c.1094.

3   Donald

He died in 1085.

Malcolm III married secondly, in c.1069, at Dunfermline Abbey, Fife:

St Margaret

She was the daughter of Edward the Atheling, son of Edmund II, King of England, by Agatha of Hungary, and she was born in c.1045/6 in Hungary. She died on 16 November, 1093, at Edinburgh Castle, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife. Her remains were later translated to the Escorial in Madrid, Spain, her head being buried in the Jesuit College at Douai, France. She was canonised as a saint in 1250.

Issue of marriage:

1   Edward

He died on 16 November, 1093, at Edwardsisle, near Jedburgh, of wounds received at the Battle of Alnwick.

2   King Edmund( see here).

3   King Edgar( see here).

4   Alexander I( see here).

5  Edith , later called Matilda

( see here, under Henry I of England, whom she married).

6   David I( see here).

7   Ethelred

He became Lay Abbot of Dunkeld. He was also styled Earl of Fife, probably posthumously, and probably before 1107 (although the date is uncertain). He died before c.1097, and was buried in Kilremont Church.

8   Duncan

Nothing is known of him. He may have become confused with Duncan II, Malcolm’s son by Ingibiorg.

9   Mary

She married Eustace III, Count of Boulogne, in c.1101/2, and had issue:

1  Unnamed son ( d. young).

2  Matilda; she married Stephen, King of England.

Mary died on 31 May, 1115/16, and was buried in the Abbey of St Saviour, Bermondsey, London.

MALCOLM III

He was killed on 13 November, 1093, in a battle near Alnwick, Northumberland, and was buried at Tynemouth. His remains were later removed to Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, and, later still, to the Escorial, Madrid, Spain.

He was succeeded by his brother Donald, a usurper.

Donald III

FATHER: Duncan I( see here).

MOTHER: Sybilla of Northumbria( see here, under Duncan I).

SIBLINGS: ( see here, under Duncan I).

DONALD III

Known as ‘Donaldbane’, he was born in c.1033, and was probably created Mormaer or Earl of Gowrie in c.1060. He usurped the throne of Scotland on 13 November, 1093, upon the death of his brother, Malcolm III, but was deposed by Malcolm’s son Duncan II in May, 1094. When Duncan II died on 12 November, 1094, Donald III was restored to the throne as joint monarch with his nephew King Edmund, Donald ruling north of the Forth/Clyde line, and Edmund ruling south of it. Both Donald and Edmund were deposed in favour of King Edgar in October, 1097. No record exists of Donald ever being crowned.

Donald III marrieda lady about whom no information exists, and had issue:

1   Bethoc

She married Huctred of Tynedale, and had issue:

1  Hextilda; she married firstly Richard Comyn, and had issue. She married secondly Malcolm, 2nd Earl of Atholl ( d.1186/98).

DONALD III

He was deposed in October, 1097, and imprisoned. He died in 1099 in prison at Rescobie, Forfarshire, and was buried in Dunkeld Abbey. His remains were later removed to the Isle of Iona.

He was succeeded by King Edgar.

Duncan II

FATHER: Malcolm III( see here).

MOTHER: Ingibiorg of Halland( see here, under Malcolm III).

SIBLINGS: ( see here, under Malcolm III).

DUNCAN II

He was born in c.1060. He proclaimed himself King of Scotland after deposing his uncle, Donald III, in May, 1094. There is no record of his coronation.

Duncan II married, in c.1090/94 (although no record exists as to where):

Ethelredaor Octreda

She was the daughter of Gospatrick, Earl of Northumbria and Dunbar, a great-grandson of Malcolm II. She was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife.

Issue of marriage:

1   William

He adopted the surname FitzDuncan, and is said to have been created Earl of Moray. He became Lord of Skipton and Craven, in right of his wife, in 1138 (?). He died in c.1154.

William had the following illegitimate issue:

1  Donald

William married, in 1138 (?) (although no record exists as to where):

Alice

She was the daughter of William le Meschin, Lord of Copeland, by Cecilia de Rumely, Lady of Skipton. She married firstly a man called William. She married secondly Alexander FitzGerold. She succeeded her mother as Lady of Skipton and Craven.

Issue of marriage:

(i)

William

He adopted the surname MacWilliam, and was called Lord of

Egremont. He was drowned at Bolton Wharf after 1155.

William married firstly (no record exists of the date or place):

Gruaidh

She was the daughter of Aedh, Mormaer of Moray, by a daughter of King Lulach.

Issue of marriage:

(a)

Donald MacWilliam

He was killed on 31 July, 1187, on Mangarnia Moor, Speyside. Donald married an unknown lady, and had issue:

(i)

Godfrey MacWilliam (executed in 1213 at Kincardine).

(ii)

Donald MacWilliam (killed on 15 June, 1215, in Morayshire).

(iii)

Unnamed daughter; she married a man surnamed MacEwen, and had issue.

(b)

Gospatrick MacWilliam

He was created Lord of Airton, Yorks. He married and had issue, but no details are available. He died before 1208.

William married secondly (no record exists of the date or place):

Octreda

She was the daughter of Alan, Lord of Allerdale.

(ii)

Cecilia

She married William le Gros, 3rd Earl of Aumale (

d

.1179), and had issue.

(iii)

Amabel

She married Reginald de Lucy (

d

.1179), and had issue, although no details are available.

(iv)

Alice

She married firstly Gilbert Pipard, and secondly Robert de Courtenay. She died in 1215.

DUNCAN II

He was killed on 12 November, 1094, at the Battle of Monthechin (Mondynes), Kincardineshire, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife.

He was succeeded by the man he had deposed, Donald III.

King Edmund

FATHER: Malcolm III( see here).

MOTHER: St Margaret( see here, under Malcolm III).

SIBLINGS: ( see here, under Malcolm III).

KING EDMUND

He was styled Prince of Cumbria in his youth. He became joint King of Scotland with Donald III, his uncle, on 12 November, 1094, following the death of his half-brother, Duncan II. Edmund’s authority was confined to the area south of the Forth/Clyde line, while Donald III ruled north of it. There is no record of Edmund’s coronation.

KING EDMUND

He was deposed (along with Donald III) in October, 1097, in favour of his brother Edgar. Edmund became a monk at Montacute Abbey, Somerset, where he later died (the date of his death is unknown). He was probably buried in Montacute Abbey. He never married, or had children.

He was succeeded by his brother Edgar.

King Edgar

FATHER: Malcolm III( see here).

MOTHER: St Margaret( see here, under Malcolm III).

SIBLINGS: ( see here, under Malcolm III).

KING EDGAR

He was born around c.1072/4. He succeeded Donald III and Edmund (joint rulers) as King of Scotland in October, 1097. There is no record of his coronation.

KING EDGAR

He died unmarried and childless on 8 January, 1107, either at Dundee, or at Edinburgh Castle, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife.

He was succeeded by his brother Alexander.

Alexander I

FATHER: Malcolm III( see here).

MOTHER: St Margaret( see here, under Malcolm III).

SIBLINGS: ( see here, under Malcolm III).

ALEXANDER I

Known as ‘the Fierce’, he was born in c.1077/8. He succeeded his brother Edgar as King of Scotland on 8 January, 1107. There is no record of his coronation.

Alexander I married, in c.1107 (although no record exists as to where):

Sybilla

She was an illegitimate daughter of Henry I, King of England, by Sybilla Corbet, and she was born around c.1092 at Domfront, Normandy. She died on 12/13 July, 1122, on the Island of the Woman (Eilean ham Bam), Loch Tay, Perthshire, and was buried in a church there. There was no issue of the marriage.

Alexander I had the following illegitimate issue:

1  Malcolm MacHeth, Earl of Ross (1105/15?–1168); he married a sister of Somerled, Lord of Argyll, and had issue.

ALEXANDER I

He died on 23, 25 or 27 April, 1124, at Stirling Castle, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife.

He was succeeded by his brother David.

David I

FATHER: Malcolm III( see here).

MOTHER: St Margaret( see here, under Malcolm III).

SIBLINGS: ( see here, under Malcolm III).

DAVID I

He was born around 1080/85, and was designated Prince of Cumbria in 1107. He was styled Earl of Huntingdon in right of his wife, and possibly also Earl of Northampton from c.1113/14. He succeeded his brother Alexander I as King of Scotland on 23, 25 or 27 April, 1124. There is no record of his coronation.

David I married, in 1113/14 (although no record exists as to where):

Matilda

She was the daughter of Waltheof, Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton, by Judith, daughter of Lambert of Boulogne, Count of Lens, by Adeliza, sister of William I, King of England, and she was born in c.1074. She married firstly Simon de St Liz, Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton ( d. after 1111), in c.1090, and had issue:

1  Simon, Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton (after 1103–1153); he married Isabella, daughter of Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester, and had issue.

2  St Waltheof, Abbot of Melrose ( c.1100–1159/60).

3  Matilda ( d.1140); she married Robert FitzRichard ( d.1134), and had issue.

Matilda died between 23 April, 1130, and 22 April, 1131 (although she appears in a charter of 1147, now thought to be spurious), and was buried in Scone Abbey, Perthshire.

Issue of marriage:

1 Malcolm

Probably the firstborn. He died young. He is said to have been strangled in infancy by Donald III, although this is chronologically impossible, as Donald died in 1099, and Malcolm was not born until 1113 or later.

2   Henry

He was born in c.1114/15, and succeeded to the earldom of Huntingdon upon his father’s resignation in c.February, 1136. He was created Earl of Northumberland in 1139. He died on 12 June, 1152, and was buried in Kelso Abbey, Roxburghshire.

Henry had the following illegitimate issue:

1 Margaret or Marjorie; she married John de Lindsay, and had issue.

Henry married, in 1139 (although no record exists as to where):

Ada

Also called Adama or Adeline, she was the daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey, by Isabella, daughter of Hugh, Count of Vermandois. She died in 1178.

Issue of marriage:

(i)

Malcolm IV

(

see here

).

(ii)

King William the Lyon

(

see here

).

(iii)

David

He was born in

c

.1143/52. He succeeded his father as Earl of Huntingdon, Earl of Northumberland,

Earl of Carlisle and Earl of Doncaster on 12 June, 1152 (his succession being confirmed in 1185). He was created Earl of Garioch in

c

.1180, and Earl of Cambridge and Earl of Lennox in 1205. He was deprived of all his English honours in 1215/16, but restored to them on 13 March, 1218. He died on 17 June, 1219, at Yardley, Northants., and was buried in Sawtrey Abbey, Hunts.

David had the following

illegitimate issue

:

1  Henry of Stirling.

2  Henry of Brechin (

d

.1238); he married Juliana, probably the daughter of Ralph de Cornhill, and had issue.

3  Ada; she married Malise, son of Ferteth, Earl of Strathearn.

4  David (?).

David married, on 26 August, 1190 (although no record exists as to where):

Matilda

She was the daughter of Hugh de Kevilloc, Earl of Chester, by Bertrada, daughter of Simon de Montfort, Count of Evreux, and she was born in 1171. She died on 6 January, 1233.

Issue of marriage:

(a)

Robert

He died young, and was buried in Lindores Abbey, Fife.

(b)

Isabella

She was born in 1206, and was known as ‘Isabella the Scot’.

She married Robert le Brus, ‘the Noble’, Lord of Annandale (

d

.1245), and had issue:

1  Robert, Lord of Annandale, a Competitor for the Crown of Scotland in 1292 (1220–1295); he married firstly Isabella (1226–1254), daughter of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester, and secondly Christina (

d.c

.1305), daughter of Sir William de Ireby, by whom he had issue:

Robert le Brus (

see here

, under

Robert I

).

2  Beatrice; she married Hugh de Neville.

Isabella died in

c.

1251, and was buried in Saltre Abbey, near Stilton, Gloucs.

(c)

John

Known as ‘the Scot’, he was born in

c

.1207, and succeeded his father as Earl of Huntingdon and Garioch on 17 June, 1219. He was created Earl of Chester on 21 November,

1232. He died shortly before 6 June, 1237, at Darnal, and was buried in the Church of St Werburg, Chester.

John married, in

c.

1220/22 (although no record exists as to where):

Helen

She was the daughter of Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, Prince of Wales, by Joan, illegitimate daughter of John, King of England. After the death of John the Scot, she married secondly Robert de Quincy (

d.

1257) in 1237, and had issue:

1  Hawise (1250?–1295?); she married Baldwin Wake (

d

.1282), and had issue.

2 Joan (

d.

1283); she married Humphrey de Bohun (

d.

1265).

Helen died in 1253.

(d)

Henry

He died young after 1215, and was buried in Lindores Abbey, Fife.

(e)

Ada

She married Henry de Hastings (

d

.1250?) before 7 June, 1237, and had issue:

1  Henry, 1st Baron Hastings (

d

.1269); he married Joan de Cantelou (

d

.1271), and had issue.

Ada died after 1241.

(f)

Margaret

She married Alan, Lord of Galloway (

d

.1234), in 1209, and had issue:

1 Devorguilla (

see here

, under King John Balliol).

2 Christina (

d

.1246); she married William de Forz, 5th Earl of Aumale (

d

.1241).

Margaret died in 1228.

(g)

Matilda

She died unmarried.

(iv)

Ada

She was born after 1139. She married Florence III, Count of Holland (

d.c.

1191), in 1162, and had issue:

1  Florence IV, Count of Holland, and Competitor for the Crown of Scotland in 1192 (murdered 1206?).

Ada died after 1206.

(v)

Margaret

She married firstly Conan IV, Duke of Brittany (

d

.1171), in 1159/60, and had issue:

1  Constance, Duchess of Brittany (

see here

, under Henry II of England).

Margaret married secondly Humphrey de Bohun (

d

.1182) before Easter, 1175, and had issue:

2  Henry, 1st Earl of Hereford (1176?–1220); he married Matilda (

d

.1236), daughter of Geoffrey FitzPiers, Earl of Essex, and had issue.

(vi)

Isabella

She married Robert, Baron Ros of Wark (

d

.1174), and had issue, but no details are recorded.

(vii)

Matilda

She died young in 1152.

(viii)

Marjorie

(?)

She is said to have been Earl Henry’s daughter by his wife Ada, but is now thought to have been more probably the daughter of one of the bastard sons of David, Earl of Huntingdon (

above), both of whom were called Henry. In 1291, Robert de Pinkeney, one of the Competitors for the Crown of Scotland, claimed to be her great-grandson, but there is no contemporary evidence for her parentage. She is said to have married Sir David de Lindsay, Lord of Luffness (

d.c

.1214), and to have had issue:

1  David, a knight (

d

.1241); he married a lady called Christina.

2  Gerard, a knight (

d

.1249).

3  Walter; he is said to have married Christina Huse, and to have had issue.

4  William.

5  Alice; she married Sir Henry de Pinkeney, Lord of Wedon-Pinkeney, and had issue.

3 Claricia

She died unmarried.

4   Hodierna

She died young and unmarried.

DAVID I

He died on 24 May, 1153, at Carlisle in Cumbria, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife. He was known as ‘the Saint’, and was popularly reputed as one after his death.

He was succeeded by his grandson Malcolm.

Malcolm IV

FATHER: Henry, Earl of Huntingdon( see here, under David I).

MOTHER: Ada de Warenne( see here, under David I).

SIBLINGS: ( see here, under David I).

MALCOLM IV

Known as ‘the Maiden’, he was born on 20 March, 1141/2. He succeeded his grandfather David I as King of Scotland on 24 May, 1153, and was crowned soon afterwards (the date is unknown) at Scone Abbey, Perthshire.

Malcolm IV is said, with reservations, to have had the following illegitimate issue:

1  Henry ( d.1152 sic.). His existence rests only upon very obscure evidence, and he has perhaps been confused with King Malcolm’s father, Henry. The date of his death, 1152, is impossible, as his alleged father was then no more than 11 years old.

MALCOLM IV

He died unmarried on 9 December, 1165, at Jedburgh Castle, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife.

He was succeeded by his brother William.

King William

FATHER: Henry, Earl of Huntingdon( see here, under David I).

MOTHER: Ada de Warenne( see here, under David I).

SIBLINGS: ( see here, under David I).

KING WILLIAM

Known as ‘the Lyon’, he was born in c.1142/3. He succeeded his father as Earl of Northumberland on 12 June, 1152, but surrendered this earldom in 1157. He succeeded his brother Malcolm IV as King of Scotland on 9 December, 1165, and was crowned on 24 December, 1165, at Scone Abbey, Perthshire.

King William married, on 5 September, 1186, at Woodstock Palace, Oxon.:

Ermengarde

She was the daughter of Richard, Viscount of Beaumont-le-Maine, by Constance, illegitimate daughter of Henry I, King of England. She died on 11 February, 1233/4, and was buried in Balmerino Abbey, Fife.

Issue of marriage:

1   Margaret

She was born in c.1193. She married Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent ( d.1243), on 19 June, 1221, and had issue:

1  Margaret (Megotta) (1222?–1237); she married Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester (1222?–1262).

Margaret died in 1259, and was buried in the Church of the Black Friars, London.

2   Alexander II( see here).

3   Isabella

She married Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of Norfolk (1212?–1270), in May, 1225, at Alnwick, Northumberland. She was repudiated by her husband on grounds of consanguinity in 1245, but was reconciled to him in 1253. The date of her death is not known. She was buried in the Church of the Black Friars, London.

4 Marjorie

She married Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke ( d.1241), either before 14 July, or on 1 August, 1235, at Berwick-upon-Tweed. She died on 17 November, 1244, and was buried in the Church of the Black Friars, London.

King William also had the following illegitimate issue:

By the daughter of Adam de Hythus:

1  Margaret ( d. after 1226); she married Eustace de Vesci (1169–1216), and had issue.

By a daughter of Robert Avenal:

2  Isabella; she married firstly Robert le Brus ( d. before 1191), and had issue. She married secondly Robert de Ros, 1st Baron Ros of Helmsley ( d.1226), and had issue.

By unknown mothers:

3  Robert de London.

4  Henry Galightly; he married and had issue.

5  Ada ( d.1200); she married Patrick, 4th Earl of Dunbar (1152–1232), and had issue.

6  Aufrica; she married William de Say and had issue.

7  Unnamed child.

8  Unnamed child.

9  Unnamed child. No information exists about these three children.

KING WILLIAM

He died on 4 December, 1214, at Stirling, and was buried in Arbroath Abbey, Scotland.

He was succeeded by his son Alexander.

Alexander II

FATHER: King William the Lyon( see here).

MOTHER: Ermengarde de Beaumont( see here, under King William).

SIBLINGS: ( see here, under King William).

ALEXANDER II

He was born on 24 August, 1198, at Haddington, East Lothian. his father as King of Scotland on 4 December, 1214, and was crowned on 6 December, 1214, at Scone Abbey, Perthshire.

Alexander II married firstly, on 18 or 25 June, 1221, at York Minster:

Joan

She was the daughter of John, King of England, by Isabella of Angoulême, and she was born on 22 July, 1210 (or, far less probably, in 1203 in Normandy). She died on 4, 5 or 12 March, 1238, at Havering-atte-Bower, Essex, and was buried in Tarrant Crawford Abbey, Dorset. There was no issue of the marriage.

Alexander II married secondly, on 15 May, 1239, at Roxburgh:

Mary

She was the daughter of Enguerrand III, Lord of Coucy, by Mary, daughter of John, Lord of Montmirel-en-Brie. After the death of Alexander II, she married secondly John of Brienne, son of the King of Jerusalem, before 6 June, 1257. The date of her death is not known. She was buried at Newbottle, Scotland.

Issue of marriage:

1   Alexander III( see here)

Alexander II also had the following illegitimate issue:

1 Marjorie; she married Alan Durward, and had issue.

ALEXANDER II

He died on 6 July, 1249, on the Isle of Kerrara in the Bay of Oban, and was buried in Melrose Abbey, Roxburghshire.

He was succeeded by his son Alexander.

Alexander III

FATHER: Alexander II( see here).

MOTHER: Mary de Coucy( see here, under Alexander II).

SIBLINGS: Alexander III did not have any legitimate siblings.

ALEXANDER III

Known as ‘the Glorious’, he was born on 4 September, 1241, at Roxburgh. He succeeded his father as King of Scotland on 8 July, 1249, and was crowned on 13 July, 1249, at Scone Abbey, Perthshire.

Alexander III married firstly, on 26 December, 1251, at York Minster:

Margaret

She was the daughter of Henry III, King of England, by Eleanor of Provence, and she was born on 29 September or 5 October, 1240, at Windsor Castle. She died on 26/27 February, 1275, at Cupar Castle, Fife, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife.

Issue of marriage:

1   Margaret

She was born on 28 February, 1261, at Windsor Castle. She married Eric II, King of Norway (1268–1300), on c.31 August, 1281 at Bergen, Norway, and had issue:

(i)   Queen Margaret( see here).

Margaret died on 9 April, 1283, at Tönsberg, Norway, in childbed, and was buried in Christ Kirk, Bergen, Norway.

2   Alexander

He was born on 21 January, 1264, at Jedburgh, Roxburghshire. He died on 17 or 28 January, 1284, at Lindores Abbey, Fife, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife.

Alexander married on 15 November, 1282, at Roxburgh:

Margaret

She was the daughter of Guy of Dampierre, Count of Flanders.

After the death of Alexander, she married secondly Reginald I, Count of Gueldres in c.1290, and had issue:

1  Reginald II, Count of Gueldres ( d.1343); he married firstly Sophia of Malines ( d.1329) and had issue, and secondly Eleanor, daughter of Edward II of England ( see here), and had issue.

2  Margaret; she married Thierry VIII, Count of Cleves.

3  Isabella; a nun.

4  Philippa; a nun.

5  Guy(?).

6  Philip (?).

Margaret died in 1330.

3 David

He was born on 20 March, 1273. He died at the end of June, 1281, at Stirling Castle, and was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife.

Alexander III married secondly, on 1 November, 1285, at Jedburgh Abbey:

Yolandeor Joletta

She was the daughter of Robert IV, Count of Dreux. After the death of Alexander III, she married secondly Arthur II de Montfort, Duke of Brittany (1262–1312), in May, 1294, and had issue:

1  Joan (1294–1363); she married Robert, Lord of Cassel ( d.1331).

2  Beatrice (1295–1384); she married Guy, Lord of Laval ( d.1347).

3  John III, Duke of Brittany ( d.1345); he married Joan of Flanders, and had issue.

4  Alice (1297–1377); she married Bouchard VI, Count of Vendôme ( d.1353).

5  Blanche ( b.1300; d. young).

6  Mary (1302–1371); a nun.

Yolande died in 1323. There was no issue of her marriage to Alexander III.

ALEXANDER III

He was killed on 16 or 19 March, 1286, when his horse plunged over a cliff between Burntisland and Kinghorn, Fife. He was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife.

He was succeeded by his granddaughter Margaret.

Queen Margaret

FATHER: Eric II, King of Norway.

MOTHER: Margaret, daughter of Alexander III.

SIBLINGS: Queen Margaret did not have any siblings.

QUEEN MARGARET

Known as ‘the Maid of Norway’, she was born before 9 April, 1283, at Tönsberg, Norway. She succeeded her grandfather Alexander III, as Scotland’s first Queen Regnant on 19 March, 1286, but was never crowned.

QUEEN MARGARET

She died in May (?) or on c.26 September, 1290, on board a ship passing by the Orkneys, whilst on her way to Scotland. She was buried at Bergen, Norway.

The death of the Maid of Norway left Scotland without a monarch, and at the mercy of Edward I of England. In 1290 began the First Interregnum, and the contest for the throne between the 13 Competitors. From these, Edward I, called upon to decide which had the most lawful claim to the crown, chose John Balliol as Scotland’s next king.