Текст книги "Alexander the Great"

Автор книги: Robin Fox

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Dcssus, 279-80, 282, 292-4, 297-300,

302, 307, 314, 317, 336 Bisutun, 432

Black Sea, 17, 42, 81, 82, 88, 92, 101,

152, 203. 276, 306, 307, 433, 449. 48l Bocotia, 37, 74, 86 Branchidac, 219 Bucephala, 361,363,375,382

Bucephalas, Alexander's horse, 47-8, 58,

120, 235. 253. 275. 35<5. 361, 362Bulgaria, 81 Burgaz, 141 Byblos, 180, 185 Byzantium, 42, 82, 115

Calanus, 348, 349, 416, 435 Caligula, Emperor, 446 Callipus, 248

Callisthenes, Alexander's historian, 94, 95, 121, 124, 133, 137, 146, 148-9. 151, 154-5, 170, 174, 189, 197, 206, 216, 241, 248, 310, 312, 445, 469; plot against Alexander, 323-5, 328– 30; quoted, 169, 191, 200-1, 208, 2ii, 214, 219, 235

Campaspe, 50

Cannae, 174

Cappadocia, 99, 100, 119, 154, 187,

233. 405. 478, 487 Caracalla, 115, 400, 442, 469, 478 Caria, 36, 135, 136, 139. 248, 250, 275 Carmania 398, 410 Carthage, 93, 181, 183, 190, 191, 217,

338, 448, 460, 476 Caspian Sea, 50, 55, 97, 101, 119, 274,

275. 277. 383. 398. 484 Cassander, 463, 468, 469, 470, 475 Cassandra, prophetess, 112 Ccbalinus, 283 Cclaenae, 149

Ceylon, 339, 368. 369, 484, 492 Chandragupta, 372, 479, 480, 482, 485, 494

Chares, 189, 199, 277, 320, 453 Charidcmus, 77, 89, 156 Chenab, R., 363-6, 371 China, 26, 97, 279, 296, 300, 485 Chios, 153, 199, 223, 412 Chocrilus, poet, 48 Cicero, 45

Cilicia, 154-6, 162, 164-5, »70. ^J75. *77 227, 4". 453

Cimon. 203

Clearchus, 445, 484

Cleitus, 282, 291, 309-14, 318, 322,

327-328, 335, 432, 434, 464 Cleomenes, 198, 220, 458, 475, 489 Cleopatra, d. of Olympias, 91 Coenus, 359, 369, 371, 430 Corfu, 32

Corinth, 32, 69, 71, 93 Cos, 152, 157, 163, 189, 199 Craterus, 153, 284, 287, 289, 308, 314,

325. 355. 357. 360, 429. 431. 452-3.

463. 474. 476-7 Crcstonia, 82

Crete. 57, 67, 78, 99. 223, 224, 433. 453

Critobulus, doctor, 51

Croesus, 128

Cycladcs, 162, 185

Cyprus, 96, 100, 132, 178, 181, 187,

194. 203, 213, 225, 235. 236, 449. 475 Cyrcne, 202-5

Cyrus, King, 250, 260, 273, 292, 295,

301, 303, 305. 408, 409 Cyzicus, 117, 203

Damascus, 165, 175, 176, 177, 178

Damghan, 269, 278

Danube, R., 17, 42, 60, 68, 80, 81-4,

86, 88, 89, 115 Dardanelles, 50, 52, 82, 88, 90, 92, 109,

in, 112, 114, 116, 149, 152, 157, 162 Darius I, 104, 130, 221, 222, 253, 257,

383. 389. 451 Darius II, 245

Darius III, King of Persia, 19, 60, 127, 135, 136, 145, 244, 247, 249, 250, 251, 253, 254. 259. 275, 277. 278, 322; character and background, 99-100; preparation for war, 152-3, 155-7, 160-167; battle at Issus, 168-76; flight, 178, 180, 187, 189, 192-3, 199, 201; gathers new army, 223, 226-31; battle at Gaugamela, 233-4, 237, 239-43; death, 267-70, 272-4

Dascylium, 118, 127

Delphi, 50, 54, 71, 94, 208, 210,484

Demades, 452

Demaratus, 47, 50, 130, 253

Demosthenes, 49, 60, 61, 85, 88, 150, 215, 452, 475

Diades, 191

Dimnus, 283, 286

5<53

Diodotus, 464, 467, 468 Diogenes, 71, 348, 349 Dion, 30, 33, 123

Dionysius, I, ruler of Syracuse, 183, 184

Dionysius II, ruler of Syracuse, 213 Dionysus, god, 31, 44, 45, 48, 82, 305,

310. 333-4. 340-2, 309. 400, 443 Dodona, 45 Doloapsis, 220 Dor, 191 Dura, 483, 488

Edessa, 19

Egypt, 19, 50, 58, 66, 77, 95 el passimElimea, 33, 40 Einpedocles, 440 Eordaia, 33, 40, 58 Epaminondas, 77

Ephesus, 43, 118, 126, 129, 130, 131,

140, 189 Ephialtes, 137, 138, 139 Ephippus of Olynthus, 444, 445, 447,

451, 452, 470 Epirus, 17, 18, 22, 32, 91, 484 Erigyius, 430 Erythrae, 219, 468 Ethiopia, 195, 197, 338 Euagoras, 186

Eumenes, secretary, 51, 386, 418,

430-1, 438, 462-5, 467, 468, 474, 477

Euphrates, R., 83, 96, 97. 101, 102, 189, 225-9, 250, 383. 455

Euripides, 48, 57

Europe, d. of Philip. 18, 85

Eurydice, also called Cleopatra, bride of Philip 18, 21, 23, 35, 39, 85

Euthymus, 440

Failaka, 454, 459 Farah, 283, 291, 292

Garah, 206, 207 Gardez, 293

Gaugamcla, 121. 227-30, 236, 237. 242,

244. 252. 255. 267. 273. 280, 339 Gaza, 191-4, 222, 261 Gerizini, Mount, 222 Glycera, 412, 433 Gordiuin, 149, 150, 151, 153, 154 Gorgo, 451, 452

Granicus, R., 119-22, 124, 126-7, 129, 564

132-6, 141, 148, 150, 152, 155, 169,

172. 176. 275 Gurgan, 101, 268, 275, 276, 282, 449 Gwadar, 335

Hadramut, 101

Halicarnassus, 135-7, 139-40, 145, 148,

157, 162, 163, 183 Hamadan. 93, 100, 222, 241-2, 251. 254,

259, 267-9, 272, 279, 282, 285-6, 288-

290, 299. 307. 334. 406-7, 410-II,

413. 423. 432-3. 435 Hannibal, 338 Haranpur, 353, 354, 355 Hariva, 279

Harpalus, 52, 268, 411-13, 437, 439,

451. 453. 457. 458 Hecatacus, 39 Hector, 62, 64, 193 Hector, s. of Parmenion, 222 Hegelochus, 289 Helen of Troy, 44, 112 Helicon, 235

Hellespont, 39, 50, 115, 117, 121, 189, 307

Hephaistion, s. of Amyntor, 41, 52, 113, 180, 210, 275, 291. 311, 335, 423. 476. 477; relationship with Alexander, 56-9, 216, 430-1; at Issus, 176; bridges Euphrates, 226-8; at Gaugamela, 241-242; second-in-command, 318-19; in India, 339, 347, 359. 366, 378, 381; marriage, 418; death, 434-8, 447; funeral monument, 456-8, 461

Heracles. 30, 41, 44, 47, 68. 71, 83, 152, 177. 181, 182, 191. 201, 333. 334. 443. 463. 470

Herat, 280, 282, 293, 294, 298

Hermeias, 53, 274

Hermes, 213

Herodotus, 52, 56, 60, 83, 94, 103, 201,

270, 397. 449. 458 Himalayas, 45

Hindu Kush, 79, 98, 101, 151. 293-7,

336. 337. 375. 382, 390 Hippocrates, 48 Hissar, 315

Homer, 25, 28, 54, 59, 60-7, 77, 94~5. 112-15, "9. 168, 193, 208, 213, 215

el passimHorus, s. of Ra, 197

Hulwan, 432 Hund, 339, 347 Hyrcania, 141

Iasos, 451 Iatroclcs, 49 Iceland, 26

Ida, Mount, 101, 119, 120 Idomencus, 63

Iliad(Homer), 59-62, 64, 66, 95, 112,

177. 208, 217. 313

Illyria, 42, 80, 116

India, 47, 52, 55, 61, 77, 96 et passimIndian Ocean, 385, 389, 395, 397 Indus, R., 97. 210, 344. 364. 375. 383-7 Iollas, 463, 466

Ionia, 128, 129, 130, 135, 143, 484 Iphicrates, 77

Iran, 48, 71, 97, 99,100, 200 et passimIsfahan, 267 Isocrates, 58, 91

Issus, 124, 146-8,164-6, 169-70, 173-4.

178, 187, 194,199. 222-3, 228-9,233.

235, 240, 254, 276, 287

Italy, 90. 164, 264, 278, 338, 448, 450, 485, 486

Jcrash, 222 Jerusalem, 223

Jhclum, R., 194. 353-5. 3<53 . 3 75

Julian, Emperor, 222, 229, 467

Julius Caesar, 20, 26, 217, 235, 277, 362,

442, 467 Justinian, Emperor, 218

Kabul, 293, 294. 29s. 331

Kandahar, 292, 293, 475, 479

Kapisa, 294

Karachi, 387

Karshi, 300

Kazarun, 255

Khabash, 109, 195

Khavar, 267, 278

Khonsu, s. of Amun, 202

Khwarezm, 195, 306, 307, 492

Kirkuk, 244, 496

Kirman, 102, 388, 395, 398, 399-404.

406, 408, 410, 449, 450 Kolokotronis, 60 Ksandrames, 368, 371 Kunduz, 297

Kurkath, 302, 303

Lahore, 367 Lampsacus, 117 Laomcdon, 50, 430, 475 Lebanon, 46, 63, 95, 101, 184, 186, 191, 449

Lconidas, tutor to Alexander, 45, 46

Lconnatus, 32, 176, 335, 421, 430, 473

Lcosthenes, 453, 454, 475

Lesbos, 26, 50, 53, 153, 157, 199. 223

Libya, 200, 201, 202, 204, 220, 221, 448

Loudias, R., 31, 48

Lucian, 127

Luristan, 447, 454

Lycia, 50, 140, 142-4, 146, 149, 306

Lydia, 128, 158, 248

Lyncestis, 32, 34

Lysander, Spartan general, 203

Lysimachus, tutor to Alexander, 45, 46,

52, 59, 186, 474 Lysippus, sculptor, 40, 41, 61, 123, 131

Macedonia, 18, 19, 21-4, 28, 30 et passim

Madagascar, 397

Magadha, 371, 379

Makran, 388-96, 398-9, 401, 403-5,

409, 418-19, 422, 424-5, 427-8, 442,

452. 459 Mallus, 163

Mangal Dev. 354, 355, 356 Marathon, 301 Margitcs, 60, 61, 215 Marsyas, 52

Mausolus, b. of Ada, 135

Mazacus, 226-8, 239, 242, 247, 249-50,

269, 405. 406 Medea, 201

Medeius, cavalryman, 51 Media, 124, 233, 423, 474 Medius, 461-5, 470, 471 Megalopolis, 252 Megara, 164 Meleagcr, 473, 474 Mclkarth, Tyrian god, 181, 224 Mcmnon, 118-20, 122, 129, 135-6,

138-9. IS2-7. 162, 177 Memphis, 109, 195-7, 203, 211-12,

217-220, 222, 271, 478 Menecratcs, 445, 446 Menoitios, 113 Merv, 308, 485

Meshed, 279, 280

Meskenc, 227

Mesopotamia, 83, 158, 484

Midas, King, 149, 150

Micza, 54, 55, 56, 58

Miletus, 131, 133. 134. 139.189, 208

Mithrines, 128, 250

Mitylene, 153, 154. 157. 189, 223, 224

Motya, 184

Multan, 379, 380, 381, 421 Mut, w. of Amun, 202 Mycenae, 61, 64, 67 Myriandrus, 165, 166, 168, 170

Naoussa, 54

Naucratis, 198, 220, 222

Nearchus the Cretan, 50-2, 143, 306, 430, 483, 490; preparation for Indian campaign, 333, 335; sea journey to Persia, 364-5, 377. 385-7. 392. 396, 400, 401; in Iran, 404-6, 408; marriage, 418; honoured, 421-3; exploration in Persian Gulf, 449-54; death of Alexander, 461-3

Nebuchadnezzar, King of Babylon, 181, 248, 250, 251, 471

Nectanebo II, Pharaoh, 197, 204, 221

Neoptolemus, 335

Nicaea, 337, 361

Nicomachus, f. of Aristotle, 53

Nikatorion, 243

Nile, River, 55. 94, in, 194,195. 197.

204, 222, 364 Nippur, 158 Nubia, 195

Odysseus, 64 Olympia, 203

Olympias, w. of Philip, 90, 413, 469, 475; Alexander's birth, 214, 215, 217, 221; Alexander's youth, 57-9; flight from court, 18, 19, 22-5, 36; return to power, 39, 40, 43-5, 48; murder of Eurydice, 85; acts as queen, 91, 109, 123; warns against Lyncestian, 147, 164; and Antipater, 429, 452, 463, 469

Olympus, Mount, 19, 30, 68

Olynthus, 31, 95

Onesicritus, 348, 349, 470

Opis, 244, 423. 424. 427-30. 432, 454

Orestes, 32

Orcstis, 20, 33 Orontobates, 136, 139 Orpheus, 30

Oxathres, b. of Darius III, 174 Oxus, R., 25, 67, 83, 97, 100, 101, 104, 119, 151, 230, 233, 268, 271, 279, 299 Oxyartes, 316

Paeonia, 116

Palestine, 191, 193, 223

Palimbothra, 372, 484

Panimcncs, Theban general, 73

Pamphylia, 140, 143

Paphlagonia, 119, 154

Paraetonium, 204, 205

Paris of Troy, 113

Pannenion, 81, 140, 189, 222, 328, 335. 463; Philip's death, 38-40; deputy commander, 89-90; journey to Asia, 109, hi, 115, 116; Granicus, 120-2; Dascylium, 127-9; Miletus, 131; 132, 134; in Phrygia, 143-S. 147-9, 161-6; Issus, 169, 172, 173, 176-7; Gaugamela, 230-3, 235, 237, 239-43; Persepolis, 255, 261, 263, 268; execution of Alexander, 285-91

Parrhasiois, 445

Parthia, 293, 334, 398, 410

Parysatis, w. of Darius II, 245

Pasargadai, 260, 273, 408

Patesi, 196

Patroclus, 59, 62, 64, 113, 313, 434 Pattala, 384, 390, 391, 395 Pausanias, bodyguard, 20-3, 37, 69 Payas, R., 170, 177

Pella, 30, 31. 33. 40, 48. 49-5*. 53. 58.

63. 69, 79, 99, in, 149. 175. 177. 215.

222 Pelopidas, 77 Pelusium, 195, 220

Perdiccas, 58, 87. 90, 138, 223, 335, 359, 380, 430, 437-8, 462-3, 465-8, 473-5. 477-8, 485

Pericles, 69, 437

Persepolis, 98, 255-64, 267-8, 270-4,

320, 408, 409, 490, 495 Perseus, 201

Persia, 17, 37. 38. 43. 52, 85, et passimPersian Gulf, 101, 189, 288-9, 397. 450,

451. 459. 476. 478, 493 Peshawar, 344 Petisis, 220

Peuccstas, 52, 409, 410, 421, 422, 430, 455, 462, 475

Phaidimus, 49

Pharos, 198

Phasclis, 144, 147, 148

Philip, King of Macedonia, 116, 118, 123, 129, 130, 136. 145. 149. 153. 177. 183, 194, 210, 213-17, 237, 249, 272, 287, 313; character and background, 28, 30-40, 42; relationship, with Alexander, 43-4, 46—53. 55. 57-60, 65; and Army, 68-80; in Thrace and Thebes, 81-2, 84-6, 88, 91-3, 95. 98, death, 17-25

Philip the Greek, doctor, 161, 462, 463

Philippi, 31

Philotas, s. of Parmenion, 38, 90, 222,

224, 253. 283-91. 335 Phocion, 278

Phoenicia, 96, 100, 132, 162, 178, 187,

222, 227. 451, 455 Phratapherncs, 410 Phrygia, 96, 127, 144. *45. 149.154.

187, 405 Pieria, 33

Pindar, 48, 88, 203

Pir-Sar, 343, 344, 34<5. 35L 441

Piraeus, 203

Pisidia, 141

Pixodarus, b. of Ada, 135, 136 Plataea, 92

Plato, 53, 70, 196, 201, 213 Plutarch, 261 Pnytagoras, 186, 187 Polemon, 285 Polydamas, 64, 285, 286 Polycidus, 73, 183 Polypcrchon, 429

Porus, 351, 353-4. 356-8, 360-1, 366,

371. 375. 378. 475 Poseidon, in, 168, 210 Priam, King of Troy, 113 Priene, 130, 140 Proteas, 461, 462 Protesilaos, in Psamtik I, 212

Ptolemy, 52, 58, 121,133, 222, 263, 264. 300, 335. 337. 355. 357. 358, 378, 381, 418, 430, 462, 474. 478, 480: on Halicarnassus, 138; on Alexander the Lyncestian, 145-8; on Issus, 174; on Egypt, 201-2, 204, 206, 211, 214,

219; plot against Alexander, 283-5; and Callisthenes, 325, 327; quoted, 82, 83, 87, 261, 366, 380 Ptolemy II, 446

Punjab, 67, 83, 97, 101, 189, 230, 256, 282, 320, 333. 339. 351. 353. 363. 367, 378, 479. 482, 493

Pushkalavati, 339, 351

Pydna, 475

Pyrogoteles, 40

Pyrrho, 475

Pyrrhus, 25, 26, 339, 480 Pythagoras, 440

Pythionice, 411, 412, 413, 433, 439

Ra, sun god, 197

Red Sea, 449, 450, 45L 459. 497

Rhacotis, 197

Rhagae, 269

Rhodes, 78, 118, 185, 198, 223, 235, 437. 489

Romance of Alexander,26, 41, 59, 114,

196, 462 Rome, 90, 217, 277, 338 Roxane, d. of Oxyartcs, 316-20, 326,

375, 404, 418, 428, 436, 466, 467,

473-7

Sagalassus, 148 Salamis, 92, 187 Samaria, 222, 223

Samarkand, 256, 301, 304, 305, 308,

309-312, 485. 493 Samos, 133, 451, 452-4 Samothrace, 44 Sangala, 366 Sardanapalus, 163

Sardis, 98, 102, 103, 128, 134, 140, 143,

150, 153, 250, 489 Sasigupta, rajah, 336, 337, 340 Satibarzancs, 280, 282, 285, 292-4,

297-8, 300 Scipio, 217, 442

Scylax, 275. 333. 383. 389. 423. 451 Scistan, 145, 146, 148. 279, 282, 286,

288-290, 292, 298, 311, 320 Seleucus, 58, 211, 335. 361. 4*8, 431.

474. 481

Scmiramis, Queen, 387, 388, 391. 4°6 Semetutefnakhtc, 196 Serapis, 467 Sesostris, 222

Scstos, 109, ill Shahroud, 269 Shapur II, King, 229 Sliushan, 99

Sicily, 47, 50, 74. 93. 13°. 183, 184, 203, 213, 235, 277, 440, 460, 476, 480

Sidon, 178, 180, 181, 185-7; 191, 443

Sisimithres, 316, 317

Sisincs, 144-8, 285

Sisygainbis, ra. of Darius, 254, 474

Siwah, 40, 200-9, 211-14. 216-19, 236, 363. 392, 434. 475. 477. 478

Sochoi, 165, 166

Socrates, 25, 30. 94

Sogdia, 299, 300, 301, 306, 309, 314,

335. 353. 3 ⁶3. 479 Sopeithcs, 367 Sophocles, 48, 483 Spain, 448, 476

Sparta, 57. 71-2. 79. 92. 94. 123-4, 152-3. 178, 189, 199. 2°3. 213. 217. 223-5, 252. 414. 415. 481

Spitarnenes, 302, 304-5, 307-9, 312, 314, 325. 335. 4i8, 481

Stagcira. 535

Stateira, d. of Darius, 418, 474 Sudan, 102, 103

Suez Canal, 96, 383, 449, 450, 451, 459 Susa, 19, 25, 244, 251-4, 260, 270-2,

288, 316 el passimSyracuse, 213, 215, 227, 445 Syria, 124, 143, 148, 157, 162-4, 17°,

191, 193, 200, 226, 227, 249, 327, 455,

475. 484-7

Tachos, Pharaoh, 220 Tarentum, 90

Tarsus, 155, 161-3, 166, 170, 4"-'3 Taxila, 339. 347-9. 35L 351. 368, 382 Tempe, Vale of, 30, 68 Tcncdos, 162, 199 Tenon, god. III Termessus, 143, 148 Thais, 262-4, 475 Thapsacus, 226, 227

Thebes, 49, 69, 70. 73. 77. 86-9, 93, 102,

146, 148, 203, 261, 414. 4^5 Themistocles, 322 Theodcctas, 144 Thcopliilus, 235

Theophrastus, pupil of Aristotle, 45, 57, 206, 246, 364

Theopompus. 49, 57. 412, 413, 415

Thermopylae, 69, 123 Thespiac, 93 Thessalus, 430

Thessaly, 32, 35, 38, 49, 57, 60, 62, 68, 253 Trajan, Emperor, 423 Tralles, 140 Trikkala. 86 Tripolis, 157, 165. 178 Troy, 60, 61, 64, 94, 111—15, 124, 127,

140, 189. 200, 280, 476 Tulamba, 379 Turkestan, 317 Turkey, 164, 170 Tuthmosis III, 212 Tuz Kharmatu, 244 Tyre, 181-4, 186-94, 222-7, 316

Uruk,158

Venice, 25 Vergina, 19